某振动台大型转接夹具设计与振动特性计算分析

针对振动试验需求,对某振动台大型转接夹具进行设计及振动特性分析。夹具设计过程中,采用结构优化软件OPTISHAPE-TS进行优化设计,振动特性分析应用有限元软件Ansys开展。设计与分析结果表明,经优化设计的夹具,其振动特性自身满足设计要求;另一方面,当夹具与振动台动圈相连接组成动圈夹具整体结构后,整体结构的模态与夹具自身模态相比发生改变。研究结果对振动试验控制技术有所启示,并为类似夹具优化设计提供依据。     

带摩擦阻尼装置系统振动响应分析方法研究

引入整体-局部一体化滑动模型,提出了带摩擦阻尼装置平板叶片的振动响应分析方法,通过与实验结果对比,验证了分析方法的有效性;定义了无量纲正压力,通过不同无量纲正压力下平板叶片的振动响应分析,获得了振动响应与无量纲正压力的关系曲线。计算结果表明:在局部滑动阶段摩擦阻尼对系统振动的抑制仍然有明显的效果,因此在摩擦阻尼减振分析中,引入局部滑动模型具有重要意义,并可通过无量纲正压力对阻尼器的参数进行优化,使系统在共振时的响应达到最小。      

滚动轴承-火箭发动机液氢涡轮泵转子系统的动力特性分析

用有限元方法建立火箭发动机液氢涡轮泵转子的离散化模型,并提出考虑滚动轴承内间隙、运行表面波纹度和滚动体离心力等因素的二自由度滚动轴承模型,从而建立了滚动轴承－液氢涡轮泵转子系统的非线性动力学模型。通过数值仿真研究了液氢涡轮泵转子系统动力学问题集中的启动阶段的非线性动力特性。发现在启动阶段不但有同步共振,而且会发生亚谐共振。径向载荷的大小会显著影响同步及亚谐共振的起始时间。滚动体的离心力和滚动轴承的波纹度对转子系统的动力特性有明显影响。     

多点简谐振动响应控制下的频响矩阵测试

应用频响矩阵建立了多维振动系统输入输出之间的数学模型。探讨了一种多点简谐振动响应受到控制时的频响矩阵测试方法;分析试验中系统的实际响应和预先设定的响应参考值之间的误差,通过多次采集响应信号和激励力信号建立响应矩阵和力矩阵,根据振动运动方程求极小范数解来作为对频响矩阵的估计;给出简谐振动响应控制的算法流程,并用实测的响应信号对频响矩阵精度进行评价。试验研究表明该方法的有效性,而且响应的幅值和相位控制均满足试验的要求。     

Research on Ultrasonic Vibration Grinding of the Hard and Brittle Materials

It is well known that grinding techniques are main methods to machine hard and brittle materials such as engineering ceramics. But the conventional grinding has many shortcomings such as poorer surface finish,quicker wear and tear of grinding tools,lower effi-ciency and so on. Ultrasonic vibration grinding (UVG) which combines ultrasonic machining and grinding emerged as a developing and promising technique in recent years. In this paper,experimental studies on UVG were conducted on several kinds of hard and brittle material by altering processing parameters such as vibration frequency and its amplitude,diamond abrasive grit size,cutting depth,feeding speed and rotary speed of tools. The experimental results show that alteration in any of above mentioned parameters will bring effects on the processed surface finish of these materials. Of them,the diamond abrasive grit size has the greatest. Moreover,conven-tional grinding experiments were also carried out on these materials. By comparison,it was found that the UVG is superior to the con-ventional method in terms of the ground surface quality,the working efficiency and the wear rate of tools.     

应用统计能量方法分析小型飞机座舱内部振动和噪声

飞机座舱内部振动／噪声的预测对改进飞机性能具有重要意义，并为实际飞机设计和噪声控制措施提供理论依据。建立了小鹰-500飞机（LB500）全机的统计能量分析模型，应用统计能量分析方法对该小型飞机在发动机作用下和紊流边界层的激励下舱内前后排乘员耳部噪声及结构振动响应进行了分析，预测了飞机舱内的振动／噪声分布。通过采用隔振和吸声改进措施，降低了飞机座舱内的振动和噪声水平。     

Influences of Mechanical Vibration on Rapidly Solidified Al2O3/YSZ Ceramics Prepared by Combustion Synthesis

Al2O3/YSZ composite ceramics was fabricated with combustion synthesis technology, and the influences of mechanical vibration on its microstructures and properties were investigated. It is found that under the mechanical vibration of ever-increasing frequency, increasing combustion temperature, accelerating ceramics/metal liquid-liquid separation and quickening ceramic solidification could not only reduce the average diameter and the size distribution of aligned ZrO2 nano-micron fibers in rod-shaped Al2O3 matrix grains, but also make the randomly-oriented rod-shaped grains finer and increase their aspect ratios. As a result, a remarkable increase in flexural strength and fracture toughness of the ceramics can be observed.     

带阻尼套筒的某型发动机低压涡轮部件的动力特性分析

以某型发动机低压涡轮部件中带有阻尼套筒的后轴颈结构为例,运用有关理论对其固有特性和动力响应特性进行了全面的分析.对不同的激励形式(单点激励、旋转激励),阻尼套筒通过"移频"和干摩擦作用,均显示了良好的减振性能.在后轴颈和阻尼套筒的组合结构中,阻尼套筒的名义半径有最优值,此时干摩擦对结构振动的衰减效果最好;同时,对组合结构不同节径型的周波振动,阻尼套筒对振动的抑制效果也不同.通过该实例,对后轴颈的工程设计提出了合理的改进建议.      

2级叶片-轮盘系统模态特性研究

利用ANSYS有限元软件进行仿真,研究了典型发动机2级压气机叶片-轮盘系统的耦合振动特性;采用1种2级叶盘系统的有限元建模方法,分析了该系统的模态特性并与单级叶盘系统的进行比较;应用应变能理论定量评价了2级叶盘系统振动特性。     

航空发动机整机动力学研究进展与展望

对近年来航空发动机整机动力学的研究现状、进展进行了综述,包括双转子系统固有特性计算、转子-滚动轴承系统动力学、转子叶片振动、发动机机匣动力学、机动飞行转子系统动力学、航空发动机转子碰摩动力学、航空发动机转子裂纹以及整机动力学等.最后对航空发动机整机动力学今后工作研究的方向进行了展望.