飞机尾涡对飞行安全的影响

针对一次夜间双机编队飞行时发生的空中相撞事故,根据机载黑匣子记录的飞机飞行参数,判明机进入了长机尾涡,利用记录的飞行参数,阐明了飞机进入尾涡的征兆,以及尾涡对飞机仪表,动态和操纵的影响,找出了飞机发生相撞的原因,为防止类惟事故发生,提出了僚机进入长机尾涡后应采取的措施,以供飞行行人员参考。     

锯齿型翼型尾缘噪声控制实验研究

翼型湍流边界层与尾缘相互作用产生的尾缘噪声是翼型自噪声的最主要分量,多年来研究者们已经在理论、数值和实验方面开展了多方面研究,但有关翼型尾缘噪声的产生机理和抑制方法仍有待深化与发展.本文利用具有全消声环境的低速开口风洞研究了采用锯齿型翼型尾缘来控制翼型噪声的方法,重点研究了不同攻角情况下不同锯齿形对翼型远声场气动噪声的影响以及翼型表面压力的影响.实验结果表明,翼型尾缘附加锯齿是一种可行的降噪方案,尤其对中低频段的远场气动噪声有比较明显的降低效果;而且,降噪效果与锯齿的齿数和齿间倒角有关.附加锯齿对翼型壁面动态载荷的影响较小,基本不影响翼型的气动性能.     

尾缘锯齿修形对波瓣强迫混合排气系统性能影响

针对某涡扇发动机波瓣强迫混合排气系统建立了尾缘锯齿修形流场数值计算模型,通过三维数值模拟研究,得到了不同尾缘锯齿修形波瓣强迫混合排气系统流场的演变规律和热混合效率、总压恢复系数的变化规律.结果表明:在强迫混合排气系统出口截面处,热混合效率随修形量的增加而增大,总压恢复系数随修形量的增加而减少.1个三角形(1-SJ)锯齿修形模型的热混合效率最大,达到79.73%;2个梯形修形(2-TX)的综合效果最优,其热混合效率达到77.50%,总压恢复系数比1-SJ高出0.5%.      

旋转叶片尾缘通道的换热特性

用实验的方法研究了旋转和静止状态下带交错肋和柱肋的涡轮叶片尾缘通道的换热特性.通道截面为楔形,交错肋段上下表面肋错开布置,节距比约为7,柱肋段包含大小两排扰流柱.在实验雷诺数为6 100~33 000,旋转数0~0.6的工况下对比分析了尾缘通道交错肋段和柱肋段的旋转静止换热特性.研究结果表明:静态下,交错肋段前后缘面存在换热差异,且该差异沿程减小;在交错肋充分发展段,旋转增强了后缘面的换热,削弱了前缘面的换热;交错肋段前后缘面叶间处换热旋转下均得到增强;旋转下柱肋段的过渡段尺度减小,换热最强点向低半径处偏移.     

Investigation of rotor–stator interaction broadband noise using a RANS-informed analytical method

A Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS)-information analytical method for predicting Rotor-Stator Interaction (RSI) broadband noise is established in this paper. First, the turbulence information is deduced from RANS simulation result. Then, the unsteady load on the stator blade is calculated using a strip theory approach based on LINearized SUBsonic unsteady flow in cascade (LINSUB) and 2-D equivalence method. In the end, the sound power of RSI broadband noise is calculated by coupling the unsteady load on the stator blade with acoustic analogy and annular duct mode. The broadband noise model part of the RANS-information analytical method is validated against the upstream sound power of an annular cascade experimental bench. Besides, the RANS-information analytical method is used in predicting RSI broadband noise of a single-stage axial fan acoustic experimental bench, the results illustrate that the RANS-information analytical method can accurately predict the RSI broadband noise in different fan working conditions. After simplification the Wave Leading Edge (WLE) stator blade, the effect of WLE stator blade on RSI broadband noise is studies. Although the simplification may bring some discrepancies, the results illustrate that the RANS-information analytical method has the capability for further studies on the broadband noise reduction with WLE stator blade.     

涡轮叶片尾缘内冷通道旋流冷却特性

针对简化的叶片尾缘,设计了3种旋流冷却结构,即冷气分别从旋流腔中部射流孔、旋流腔异侧射流孔、旋流腔同侧射流孔进出旋流腔,并与常规凸台扰流柱冷却结构进行了对比数值研究,分析其强化换热机理和效果.结果表明:旋流腔的结构和冷气的进流布置对旋流冷却性能的影响很大,冷气从旋流腔某侧射流孔进出的旋流冷却结构不仅在流向截面产生涡旋,在展向截面也会产生涡旋,从而有效强化对流换热;相比凸台扰流柱冷却结构,旋流冷却结构能够增强换热,平均努塞尔数增大6.8%~22.9%,但流动阻力也随之增加;冷气从旋流腔异侧射流孔进出的冷却结构强化换热能力较高;而冷气从旋流腔同侧射流孔进出的冷却结构流动换热综合系数比凸台扰流柱提高4.2%,综合性能相对较优.      

层板冷却涡轮叶片前缘内部流动与传热特性实验

基于相似理论,对简化的层板冷却涡轮叶片前缘放大模型内部的流动与传热特性进行实验研究,对比了无绕流柱和带菱形扰流柱两种实验模型的流动阻力系数、靶面温度和表面传热系数的分布.实验中采用红外热像技术测量换热面的温度,采用ANSYS软件计算换热面的局部热流密度.结果表明:两种模型的流动阻力随进气雷诺数逐渐增大,带菱形扰流柱模型的流动阻力总体上较大;靶面局部表面传热系数的分布特征基本相同,带菱形扰流柱模型的局部表面传热系数比无扰流柱模型的稍高;靶面平均表面传热系数的差别很小,相同进气雷诺数下带菱形扰流柱模型的平均表面传热系数值最多大7%.      

Edge Detection of River in SAR Image Based on Contourlet Modulus Maxima and Improved Mathematical Morphology

To cope with the problems that edge detection operators are liable to make the detected edges too blurry for synthetic aperture radar(SAR)images,an edge detection method for detecting river in SAR images is proposed based on contourlet modulus maxima and improved mathematical morphology.The SAR image is firstly transformed to a contourlet domain.According to the directional information and gradient information of directional subband of contourlet transform,the modulus maximum and the improved mathematical morphology are used to detect high frequency and low frequency sub-image edges,respectively.Subsequently,the edges of river in SAR image are obtained after fusing the high frequency sub-image and the low frequency sub-image.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed edge detection method can obtain more accurate edge location and reduce false edges,compared with the Canny method,the method based on wavelet and Canny,the method based on contourlet modulus maxima,and the method based on improved(ROEWA).The obtained river edges are complete and clear.     

基于边缘检测与最小二乘支持向量机的人脸图像识别

文章建立了完整的人脸识别系统,通过图像预处理、特征提取和识别3个过程,实现了人脸的分类识别;研究了图像预处理过程中的边缘检测方法,比较了基于一阶导数的Robert算子、Prewitt算子、Sobel算子和基于二阶导数的Gauss-Laplacian算子的检测效果□在识别阶段采用最小二乘支持向量机方法,进行人脸识别实验,并对实验结果进行比较。     

不同后掠角三角翼的静态地面效应数值模拟

采用数值模拟的方法研究了不同后掠角三角翼的静态地面效应,通过对气动力和流场特性的分析发现,随着后掠角的减小,地面对迎风面下流动的阻滞作用增强,地效导致的迎风面气动力增量也随之增大。地效导致的背风面气动力增量同样随着后掠角的减小而增大,但在不同的后掠角范围内,地效诱导背风面气动力增量的机理不同:中大后掠角下,其主要通过增强前缘涡强度诱导更大的吸力,而小后掠角下,其主要通过促进前缘涡向内扩散增大吸力范围。