低压蒸汽透平排汽缸内能量损失的数值研究

运用三维粘性流场数值模拟软件(Fine/Turbo)对一个低压蒸汽透平排气缸内的复杂流动进行数值模拟,计算结果与已有的实验数据进行了对比.计算得到的排气缸出口截面上的质量平均总压损失为47.8%,实验值为40.9%.数值模拟清晰地显示了排气缸通道内的流场结构是以各种旋涡为主要特征,包括通道涡、分离涡和端壁涡等.其中,通道涡的尺度最大,是造成排汽缸内能量损失的最主要因素.     

电子束物理气相沉积LaZrCeO热障涂层微结构与热循环性能

热障涂层(thermal barrier coatings,TBCs)是一种由金属黏结层、热生长氧化物层和陶瓷面层组成的金属-陶瓷复合系统,在先进的航空发动机领域上引起了广泛的关注,但目前先进热障涂层的热循环寿命提升和失效行为研究仍然是一个难点。本研究采用电子束物理气相沉积技术(electron beam physical vapour deposition,EB-PVD)制备LaZrCeO/YSZ双陶瓷层热障涂层,研究热障涂层的相结构、显微组织和失效行为。结果表明:LaZrCeO/YSZ涂层为烧绿石与萤石结构组成的复合涂层材料,LaZrCeO/YSZ涂层的微观结构由羽毛状纳米结构和柱内孔隙组成;在1100℃热循环条件下,LaZrCeO/YSZ双陶瓷层热障涂层展现了良好的热循环寿命;热循环实验后,由于应力累积的作用裂纹在热生长氧化层(TGO)中萌生并扩展,包括水平裂纹和垂直裂纹两大类,进而引起整个涂层体系的不稳定,最终导致涂层失效。     

基于网格的电路功能可靠性仿真系统

功能可靠性仿真是建立系统功能与可靠性一体化分析的综合仿真技术,论述了电路功能可靠性仿真系统的体系结构、功能及其实现的故障建模、故障虚拟注入、仿真器集成、故障自动判别等主要技术方法.为解决电路功能可靠性仿真系统中长仿真时间和大数据量存储的难点,提出了基于网格计算技术的体系结构,研究了仿真服务、分析服务和数据管理服务的实现方法,建立了通过网格平台向电路功能可靠性仿真系统提供虚拟计算和存储的能力,减少了系统分析所需要的仿真时间,实现了大量仿真结果数据的分布式存储.基于上述技术思想,实现了以TyrensGrid为网格平台、PSpice为仿真内核的TG-CFRS软件原型,证明了基于网格的电路功能可靠性仿真技术的有效性.     

Ka波段高中频四次谐波混频器的实现

推导了反对接二级管混频原理与相差合成原理相结合实现四次谐波混频公式。结合公式提出了在Ka波段实现高中频四次谐波混频器的新的设计方案 ,进行了电路仿真并制作了混频器电路 ,通过仿真所得到的实验结果表明 ,公式推导正确设计思路切实可行     

Day-to-day variability of equatorial anomaly in GPS-TEC during low solar activity period

The ionospheric total electron content (TEC) in the northern hemispheric equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest region is investigated by using dual-frequency signals of the Global Positioning System (GPS) acquired from Rajkot (Geog. Lat. 22.29°N, Geog. Long. 70.74°E; Geom. Lat. 14.21°N, Geom. Long. 144.90°E), India. The day-to-day variability of EIA characteristics is examined during low solar activity period (F10.7∼83 sfu). It is found that the daily maximum TEC at EIA crest exhibits a day-to-day and strong semi-annual variability. The seasonal anomaly and equinoctial asymmetry in TEC at EIA is found non-existent and weaker, respectively. We found a moderate and positive correlation of daily magnitude of crest, Ic with daily F10.7 and EUV fluxes with a correlation coefficient of 0.43 and 0.33, respectively indicating an existence of a short-term relation between TEC at EIA and the solar radiation even during low solar activity period. The correlation of daily Ic with Dst index is also moderate (r = −0.35), whereas no correlation is found with the daily Kp index (r = 0.14) respectively. We found that the magnitude of EIA crest is moderately correlated with solar flux in all seasons except winter where it is weakly related (0.27). The magnitude of EIA crest is also found highly related with EEJ strength in spring (r = 0.69) and summer (r = 0.65) than autumn (0.5) and winter (r = 0.47), though EEJ is stronger in autumn than spring.     

GNSS single frequency ionospheric range delay corrections: NeQuick data ingestion technique

A study of the performance of the NeQuick model and the Klobuchar model for GNSS single frequency range delay correction on a global scale was done using data for moderate solar activity. In this study NeQuick was used in the way intended for Galileo. This study is to assess the performance of the two models at each ionospheric geographic region during moderate solar activity as previously published studies were concentrated only on high solar activity. The results obtained showed that NeQuick outperformed Klobuchar for the whole year at the three geographical regions of the ionosphere. In terms of monthly root mean square of mismodeling, NeQuick outperformed Klobuchar by 15 TECU or more at low-latitudes, 5 TEC or more at mid-latitudes, and 1 TECU or more at high-latitudes.     

星载单频GPS数据的电离层延迟改正方法分析

利用C/A码单点定位对LEO(Low Earth Orbit)卫星上的电离层延迟改正方法——"电离层比例因子法"进行了分析研究.计算的CHAMP卫星的轨道结果表明:采用电子密度峰值高度(hmF2,F2 region maximum electron density height)平均值和瞬时值计算的电离层比例因子α变化范围分别为0.3~0.4和0.2~0.65之间,两者最大差异可达0.3,相比较而言,hmF2瞬时值的结果更加合理,并且相应的大地高H方向的系统偏差要降低0.05~0.3m左右;与双频无电离层组合的普通单点定位结果相比表明该方法能较好地消除电离层一阶项所引入的H方向上的系统偏差;该方法适用的LEO卫星轨道高度范围大致在200~ 600km之间,当轨道高度超过700km时,该方法并不适用.     

新型电子束焊机阴极加热电源自动调节系统

开发了一种新型电子束焊机阴极加热电源自动调节系统,包括新型主电路拓扑和对应控制策略,该系统能够使阴极处在最佳加热电流状态,从而提高电子束流稳定性.并且在检测到电子枪未加高压时,阴极加热电流自动关闭,在加有高压但束流给定为零时,阴极加热电流自动减少,能大幅增加阴极的使用寿命.经试验证明该系统相比传统阴极加热电源操作简洁、快速和准确,对焊缝成形质量好.     

Relative amplitude of the total electron content variations depending on geomagnetic activity

We developed a method of estimation of a relative amplitude dI/I of the total electron content (TEC) variations in the ionosphere as deduced from the data of the global GPS receivers network. To obtain statistically significant results we picked out three latitudinal belts provided in the Internet by the maximum number of GPS sites. They are high-latitudinal belt (50–80°N, 200–300°E; 59 sites), mid latitude belt (20–50°N, 200–300°E; 817 sites), and equatorial belt (±20°N, 0–360°E; 76 sites). The results of the analysis of the diurnal and latitudinal dependencies of dI/I and dI/I distribution probability for 52 days with different levels of geomagnetic activity are presented. It was found that on average the relative amplitude of the TEC variations varies within the range 0–10% proportionally to the value of the K_p geomagnetic index. In quiet conditions the relative amplitude dI/I of the TEC variations at night significantly exceeds the daytime relative amplitude. At high levels of magnetic field disturbances, the geomagnetic control of the amplitude of TEC variations at high and middle latitudes is much more significant than the regular diurnal variations. At the equatorial belt, on average, the amplitude of TEC variations in quiet and disturbed periods almost does not differ. The obtained results may be useful for development of the theory of ionospheric irregularities.     

基于CCFHTLS算法的异步电动机转子故障检测

定子电流经低通滤波器处理后产生高斯有色噪声,限制了异步电机转子故障检测算法的辨识精度。针对该问题,提出一种抑制高斯有色噪声的异步电机故障检测技术。首先对采集到的定子电流进行预处理,利用逆同步旋转变换剔除基波,避免了直接检测时基波对故障辨识精度的影响。然后利用互相关函数(CCF)处理技术对高斯有色噪声的抑制作用,提出基于CCFHTLS算法的电机转子故障诊断技术。针对异步电机转子断条和偏心故障的识别进行试验,结果表明CCFHTLS算法可以有效抑制高斯有色噪声,并保留故障有用信息,显著地提高了故障检测的分辨率。