Validation of the in-flight calibration procedures for the MICROSCOPE space mission

The MICROSCOPE space mission aims to test the Equivalence Principle with an accuracy of 10^-15${10}^{-15}$. The drag-free micro-satellite will orbit around the Earth and embark a differential electrostatic accelerometer including two cylindrical test masses submitted to the same gravitational field and made of different materials. The experience consists in testing the equality of the electrostatic acceleration applied to the masses to maintain them relatively motionless. The accuracy of the measurements exploited for the test of the Equivalence Principle is limited by our a priori knowledge of several physical parameters of the instrument. These parameters are partially estimated on-ground, but with an insufficient accuracy, and an in-orbit calibration is therefore required to correct the measurements. The calibration procedures have been defined and their analytical performances have been evaluated. In addition, a simulator software including the dynamics model of the instrument, the satellite drag-free system and the perturbing environment has been developed to numerically validate the analytical results. After an overall presentation of the MICROSCOPE mission, this paper will describe the calibration procedures and focus on the simulator. Such an in-flight calibration is mandatory for similar space missions taking advantage of a drag-free system.     

降低气动非线性的高超飞行器总体优化方法研究

针对高超声速飞行器严重气动非线性特性给控制系统设计提出的高要求,基于推广的随控布局思想,从控制系统设计角度对高超声速飞行器总体提出气动非线性程度低的优化设计指标。引入高超声速飞行器气动非线性特性度量——非线性度的定义,通过气动工程估算建立非线性度与飞行器总体外形参数关系的表征模型,将非线性度表示为总体外形参数的函数;采用遗传算法求解以总体外形参数为决策变量和以非线性度最小为目标函数的优化问题;最终确定随控优化思想下的高超声速飞行器总体优化策略。算例分析表明,本文提出的总体随控优化方法对于改善高超声速飞行器的气动非线性特性简单有效。     

Changes in total electron content (TEC) during the annular solar eclipse of 15 January 2010

The solar eclipse of 15 January 2010 was an annular eclipse of the Sun with a maximum magnitude of 0.96 at 1.62°N, 69.29°E. To study the effect of this solar eclipse on the ionosphere the GPS data recorded at three different Indian stations Varanasi (Geographic latitude 25°, 16′N, longitude 82°, 59′E), Hyderabad (Geographic latitude 17°, 20′N, longitude 78°, 30′E) and Bengaluru (Geographic latitude 12°, 58′N, longitude 77°, 33′E) have been used to retrieve ionospheric total electron content (TEC). The ionospheric response to this rare event has been studied in terms of GPS-derived TEC observed at all the three Indian stations. A significant reduction in TEC reflected by all PRNs at all the three stations has been observed. The magnitude of the reduction in VTEC compared to quiet mean VTEC depends on latitude as well as longitude. The amount of reduction observed from different satellites (PRN) is different and depends on the location of the satellite from the solar eclipse path.     

基于数字信号特征提取的测频方法研究

传统的幂次谱特征能简便有效地提取信号特征并测量参数,但在样本数较少、信噪比较低的情况下,特征就变得不明显了。利用最佳采样点再进行幂次的非线性运算,能够完成特征提取及载频的精确测量。经仿真实验和实际工程验证,在信噪比不大于10dB、样本数不大于1000个符号时,该方法切实、有效。     

电子工艺与管理专业教学实践

本文介绍了学院电子工艺与管理试点专业教改的背景、依据及专业教学改革的指导思想和目标,对本专业的教育定位与培养目标、构建理论和实践课程教学体系、改革与建设等环节进行了探索和实践。     

The impact of large solar events on the total electron content of the ionosphere at mid latitudes

Ionospheric disturbances associated with solar activity may occur via two basic mechanisms. The first is related to the direct impact on the ionosphere of EUV photons from a flare, and the second by prompt electric field penetration into the magnetosphere during geomagnetic storms. In this paper we examine the possibility that these two mechanisms may have an impact at mid latitudes by calculating the total electron content (TEC) from GPS stations in Mexico during several large X-ray flares. We have found that indeed large, complex flares, which are well located, may affect the mid latitude ionosphere. In fact, in the solar events of July 14, 2000 and April 2001 storms, ionospheric disturbances were observed to increase up to 138 and 150 TECu, respectively, due to the influence of EUV photons. Also, during the solar events of July 2000, April 2001, Halloween 2003, January 2005 and December 2006, there are large ionospheric disturbances (up to 393 TECu in the Halloween Storms), due to prompt penetration electric field, associated with CME producing geomagnetic storm.     

尚逸帆，康志宇，张庆展，杨东春

美国和苏联现有的舱外载人机动装置（MannedManeuveringUnit,MMU）推进系统设计均采用两套独立系统互为备份的方式,主系统故障后可以启动备用系统,但备用系统故障则无应对方案,因此制约航天员的安全性和舱外活动能力。文章在常规主备份推进模式基础上提出了应急推进模式,备份推进器发生故障后,根据失效发动机组相对位置关系采用不同应急策略,剩余有效推进器通过联合控制的方式保证航天员六自由度控制。经过可行性分析和仿真计算,证明了应急模式下MMU推进能力有一定降低,但能够为航天员返回提供动力,应急推进模式具有可行性。     

阵风响应问题的配点型区间分析方法

最新的先进飞行器设计进展已经认识到定义多种类型的不确定性的重要意义。现有的气动弹性理论面临的一个重要问题是如何处理阵风激励和结构中的不确定性参数。给出了弹性机翼构件受到阵风作用时的控制方程。考虑了阵风模型和机翼结构中存在的不确定性参数,将其用区间向量定量化并一元化处理,基于第一类Chebyshev正交多项式和区间配点方案,结合有限元计算方法,提出了一种阵风响应问题的配点型区间分析方法(CIAM),推导了配点型区间分析方法的数学表达式。该方法避免了计算响应函数对不确定性参数的灵敏度(偏导数),放宽了不确定性参数变化范围为小区间的要求。为解决含有不确定性参数的阵风响应问题提供了一种新的可行途径。通过与Taylor区间分析方法(TIAM)的比较,数值算例表明,该方法能够得到一个包含精确响应值的足够"紧"的阵风响应区间。显示了该方法的优越性,具有工程指导意义。      

基于拉格朗日拟序结构的局部激励流动分离控制有效性分析方法

从流体输运角度提出了用于局部周期激励流动分离控制有效性研究的数值分析方法。基于有限时间不变流形理论建立用于非定常流动的流体输运分析方法,并采用数值方法从非定常流场中提取得到吸引拉格朗日拟序结构（LCSs）和排斥LCSs描述流体输运行为。通过对局部周期激励的流动分离控制规律的研究,结果表明存在三种与激励频率相关的影响翼型气动特性的流体输运模式,其中在锁频激励下吸引LCSs在前缘形成的尖楔结构有效增强主流与分离区流体的物质交换,减小翼面流动分离区的面积,显著提高翼型升力。     

平面遮挡分析法及其在航天器气动力矩分析中的应用

针对空间站等复杂构型航天器迎流面积和气动力矩的快速分析问题,提出一种平面遮挡分析法。该方法在与迎流垂直的方向上,选定一个二维投影平面进行航天器组成单元的划分和二维外形信息的定义;通过标志符、差值函数及相关的单元外形边界搜索规则定义和操作,实现迎流面积和遮挡面积的计算。平面遮挡分析法减少了遮挡分析所需使用的航天器外形信息维度,可以提高遮挡分析的效率。然后给出基于该平面遮挡分析法对迎流面积和压心位置进行计算的数学模型,对使用的气动力矩分析模型进行说明。以一个非对称构型的空间站为例,对相应的迎流面积和气动力矩进行仿真计算和对比验证。结果表明,平面遮挡分析法具有较为明显的计算时间优势,同时具备较高的计算精度。