Study of the seasonal ozone variations at European high latitudes

The geographic area at high latitudes beyond the polar circle is characterized with long darkness during the winter (polar night) and with a long summertime insolation (polar day). Consequentially, the polar vortex is formed and the surrounding strong polar jet is characterized by a strong potential vorticity gradient representing a horizontal transport barrier. The ozone dynamics of the lower and middle stratosphere is controlled both by chemical destruction processes and transport processes.     

Are Boltzmann plots of hydrogen Balmer lines a tool for identifying a subclass of S1 AGN?

It is becoming clear that we can define two different types of nearby AGN belonging to the Seyfert 1 class (S1), on the basis of the match of the intensities of their Broad Balmer Lines (BBL) with the Boltzmann Plots (BP). These two types of S1 galaxies, that we call BP-S1 and NoBP-S1, are characterized, in first approximation, by Broad Line Regions (BLR) with different structural and physical properties. In this communication, we show that these features can be well pointed out by a multi-wavelength analysis of the continuum and of the broad recombination Hydrogen lines, that we carry out on a sample of objects detected at optical and X-ray frequencies. The investigation is addressed to verify whether BP-S1 are the ideal candidates for the study of the kinematical and structural properties of the BLR, in order to derive reliable estimates of the mass of their central engine and to constrain the properties of their nuclear continuum spectrum.     

考虑备件约束的多部件串联系统使用可用度计算方法

使用可用度是衡量装备系统保障效能的重要指标,而备件供应是保障活动中的关键,故在计算系统的使用可用度时有必要考虑备件约束对其的影响。在现有的使用可用度计算方法中,马尔可夫更新理论很少用于分析考虑备件的系统,基于库存理论的可用度计算模型没有考虑备件供应延误对系统更换维修活动的影响。为了解决以上问题,首先将整个系统故障与维修过程分为故障系统的更换维修和故障件的维修周转2个子过程,并分析了2个子过程之间的影响关系;然后给出一种考虑备件约束的多部件串联系统使用可用度计算模型;最后实例分析表明,该模型可以方便地计算多部件串联系统的使用可用度,且与库存理论中的计算模型相比,该模型计算结果与仿真结果更为接近。     

容错待命储备系统的任务可靠性计算

讨论了待命储备系统具有容错性能时的任务可靠性计算, 由于故障检测器、切换器和待命器件是否可靠,直接影响该容错系统的可靠性.为了正确评估系统的任务可靠性,这里考虑了检测器和切换器存在一定的误警率和误切换率. 据我们所知,Markov模型是处理这个问题的主要工具,而国内很少有这方面的讨论.本文用Markov理论来确定系统的状态及其状态转移矩阵, 从而容错可靠性的计算问题得到解决,此外还讨论了有关误差概率的计算模型.     

个体软件过程实验研究

为确定个体软件过程ＰＳＰ（ＰｅｒｓｏｎａｌＳｏｆｔｗａｒｅＰｒｏｃｅｓ）在软件开发中的实际应用效果,北京航空航天大学软件工程研究所在１９９７年进行了ＰＳＰ的应用实验．本文首先简要介绍了ＰＳＰ的原理和方法,然后给出ＰＳＰ实验的结果数据,对该数据从差错率和生产效率２个方面进行了统计和分析．分析结果显示,ＰＳＰ的应用对于提高软件开发效率、改善软件产品的质量有重要的意义．讨论了ＰＳＰ应用过程中可能遇到的问题,指出了今后进一步的工作．     

个体软件过程实验研究

为确定个体软件过程PSP(Personal Software Process)在软件开发中的实际应用效果,北京航空航天大学软件工程研究所在1997年进行了PSP的应用实验.本文首先简要介绍了PSP的原理和方法,然后给出PSP实验的结果数据,对该数据从差错率和生产效率2个方面进行了统计和分析.分析结果显示,PSP的应用对于提高软件开发效率、改善软件产品的质量有重要的意义.讨论了PSP应用过程中可能遇到的问题,指出了今后进一步的工作.     

固体火箭发动机压强调节稳态过程数值模拟

对涡流阀调节固体火箭发动机压强的稳态过程进行了理论研究。采用稳态分析方法，对涡流阀结构参数设计进行了探讨，得出了一些有用的结论。当绝热条件越好时，调节效果更佳。     

Analytical Solution for Predicting In-plane Elastic Shear Properties of 2D Orthogonal PWF Composites

This paper proposes a new analytical solution to predict the shear modulus of a two-dimensional(2D) plain weave fabric(PWF) composite accounting for the interaction of orthogonal interlacing strands with coupled shear deformation modes including not only relative bending but also torsion,etc.The two orthogonal yarns in a micromechanical unit cell are idealized as curved beams with a path depicted by using sinusoidal shape functions.The internal forces and macroscopic deformations carried by the yarn families,together with macroscopic shear modulus of PWFs are derived by means of a strain energy approach founded on micromechanics.Three sets of experimental data pertinent to three kinds of 2D orthogonal PWF composites have been implemented to validate the new model.The calculations from the new model are also compared with those by using two models in the earlier literature.It is shown that the experimental results correlate well with predictions from the new model.     

预制体织造过程的数字单元法模拟研究

预制体作为复合材料的增强相,决定着复合材料的性能。而预制体的性能往往取决于纱线的空间结构,为了反映织物内部纤维束的宏观三维空间结构和微观截面几何构型,通过将纱线离散化,用数值模拟和仿真方法模拟织造过程。本文综述了复合材料预制体织造过程的数字单元法模拟研究进展。在微观几何结构方面,详述了数字单元法研究由理论到应用的发展历程,对先进的数字单元建模方法进行了介绍,指出当前模型对于数字单元法模拟纺织过程较为理想化,未考虑纤维的抗弯刚度、空气阻尼效应以及横向压缩引起的能量损失等工艺参数,指出今后的研究中可进一步优化数字单元法,实现参数化建模,深入研究纤维束变形机理以获得纤维更为真实的微观几何结构模型。     

提高CuCr触头材料性能的方法

总结了国内外对CuCr触头材料性能改善的发展状况。本文主要从工艺性能、截流水平、开断性能和耐压性能以及抗熔焊性等方面叙述了添加新组元的作用；最后对CuCr触头材料的主要制备工艺作了简单介绍。