Sealing reliability modeling of aviation seal based on interval uncertainty method and multidimensional response surface

Many variables affect the sealing performance, and their distribution characteristics are difficult to obtain with probabilistic methods owing to the high cost involved. Numerous problems in engineering are similar due to the appearance of small-sample parameters. In this study, the sealing reliability of an aviation seal was defined as the research object, and an interval uncertainty method and multidimensional response surface were proposed to calculate the sealing reliability.Based on this, we first analyzed the failure mechanism of the aviation seal and established a leakage rate model. Then, based on the non-probabilistic interval model, an interval uncertainty method was proposed to construct the analytical model. With reference to the limit state equation from the structural reliability theory, the multidimensional response surface was used for fast calculation.Then, we chose the single-cylinder gas steering gear used in aircraft as the case study, its sealing reliability in working and non-working statuses were calculated, and the results were verified with the actual maintenance records. By analyzing the sensitivity of some variables, we can improve the sealing reliability of the aviation seal by improving the surface roughness only if the cost allows.Finally, we consider that the method proposed in this study realizes the application of smallsample uncertainty analysis in reliability analysis, and could provide a feasible way to solve the similar problems in engineering with multidimensional and small-sample parameters.     

Multi-parameter optimization of machining impeller surface based on the on-machine measuring technique

Selecting the optimal machining parameters for impeller surface is a challenging task in the automatic manufacturing industry, due to its free-form surface and deep-crooked flow channel. Existing experimental methods require lots of machining experiments and off-line tests, which may lead to high machining cost and low efficiency. This paper proposes a novel method of machining parameters optimization for an impeller based on the on-machine measuring technique. The absolute average error and standard deviation of the measured points are used to define the grey relational grade for reconstructing the objective function, and the complex problem of multi-objective optimization is simplified into a problem of single-objective optimization. Then, by comparing the values of the defined grey relational grade in a designed orthogonal experiment, the optimal combination of the machining parameters is obtained. The experiment-solving process of the objective function corresponds to the minimization of the used errors, which is advantageous to reducing the machining error. The proposed method is efficient and low-cost, since it does not require re-clamping the workpiece for off-line tests. Its effectiveness is verified by an on-machine inspection experiment of the impeller blade.     

Analytical and numerical approaches of a solar array thermal analysis in a low-earth orbit satellite

This paper researches the thermal analysis of a fixed-type solar array in a low-earth orbit satellite through both an analytical method with a simplified thermal model and a numerical method with a detailed thermal model.     

高温不锈钢的磨削温度测量与烧伤现象分析

针对高温不锈钢1Cr11Ni2W2MoV磨削过程中磨削区内部瞬时温度、磨削表面平均温度的测量方法以及工件表面平均温度与烧伤程度之间的关系进行了研究,分析了工件表面烧伤程度对材料金相组织的影响.通过研究得到了陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮磨削1Cr11Ni2W2MoV时磨削区内部瞬时温度,证明工件表面的烧伤最直接因素是磨削表面的平均温度,在不同的磨削参数下,表面平均温度超过540℃就形成黄色的微烧伤,随着温度的升高,烧伤程度不断加重.同时,表面烧伤会使马氏体晶格变成细小的退火微晶变质层,烧伤越严重,微晶变质层的厚度越大.     

基于试验气动力的飞机副翼效率优化

针对弹性后掠翼飞机在使用试验气动力分析时所出现的副翼反效问题,利用遗传算法对机翼结构进行优化.弹性飞机副翼效率计算采用试验气动力.重点针对一个发生副翼反效的严重飞行状态点进行了机翼结构优化,对比分析了优化前后副翼效率、相同副翼偏度下所产生的滚转率随飞行动压的变化及颤振特性的变化.并比较了基于试验气动力的情况下只针对单一飞行攻角的优化结果和同时考虑多个飞行攻角的优化结果,分析了飞行攻角对优化结果的影响.结果证明:利用结构优化方法可有效在详细设计阶段解决弹性飞机严重飞行状态点副翼反效问题,并且优化结果对飞机颤振特性基本无影响.     

展成法加工的弧齿锥齿轮仿切几何建模方法

提出了一种针对展成法加工的弧齿锥齿轮几何建模方法.该方法有两个步骤:(1)通过模仿弧齿锥齿轮加工中的切齿建立参考模型;(2)从参考模型上选择数据点,将这些数据点拟合为NURBS曲面,从而建立最终的实体模型.该方法中,通过模仿切削可以避免深奥的数学理论和复杂的方法,方便地在齿轮制造出来之前(设计阶段)得到复杂齿面上的数据点,并有效提高实体模型的精度.另外,最终得到的模型齿面统一由NURBS曲面函数表示,NURBS曲面连续和光滑,可为CAD/CAE广泛使用.实验表明,通过该方法能够精确建立一对弧齿锥齿轮模型,为CAD/CAE建模提供了一种可行有效的思路.     

热控涂层参数对卫星辐射特性的影响

为分析卫星红外和可见光双光谱辐射特性,分别建立了采用节点网络法求解卫星表面热控涂层温度和卫星辐射特性的计算模型,依据粗糙表面光散射理论计算了涂层表面对太阳、地球和地球反照辐射的吸收和反射。通过数值模拟,计算分析了卫星对地面的温度变化规律。最后,选择不同的热控涂层参数,获得了对卫星在红外和可见光波段的辐射特征的影响。     

纳卫星隔热层厚度与散热面面积优化设计

在纳卫星热系统动态特性分析与热分析的基础上,根据纳卫星隔热层厚度与散热面面积对纳卫星温度调节的重要作用,提出了运用混沌遗传算法（CGA）对二者进行优化设计的模型与算法。算法以使纳卫星舱内发热元件、散热面及壳体温度尽可能接近设定的安全工作温度为优化目标,以隔热层厚度与散热面面积为优化变量。并以在不同热负荷下工作的太阳同步球形纳卫星为例进行一系列优化计算及分析。结果表明：利用混沌遗传算法进行的优化设计,可以使在不同工况下的纳卫星温度很好地维持在设定的安全工作温度附近。     

带机械臂的月面巡视探测器的路径规划方法研究

针对巡视探测器路径规划和机械臂路径规划的不同和两者需要依次执行的连接需求,文章将月面巡视探测器的路径规划过程分为三个阶段：巡视探测器的路径规划、机械臂的路径规划、器臂动态联合的路径规划,针对不同的规划分别提出了不同的规划方法,并进行了仿真验证。研究结果表明,巡视探测器的整个路径规划是一个复杂的运算规划过程,在非结构化月面环境下,基于月面三维数字高程图采用改进的启发式搜索（A＊）算法,可以比较高效地完成巡视探测器的路径规划;在采用蒙特卡罗法建立机械臂可达工作空间的基础上,可以比较简单、准确地获取机械臂的规划路径;巡视探测器整个就位探测过程的实现需要两种规划的动态联合。     

基于原子内聚力与表面能等效的内聚裂纹模型

 从非局部连续介质理论出发,采用一种新的理性力学方法对裂纹前缘内聚应力分布规律进行研究。首先,在内聚裂纹表面引入非局部应力边界条件,从而将内聚区内表面诱发张力(非局部表面残余)与内聚应力等价联系起来;然后,利用能量平衡关系,得到仅与表面能密度相关的I型裂纹内聚力新的本构方程。最后,在推导结果的基础上,计算一个具体的脆性断裂算例研究内聚区内表面能与内聚应力随裂纹张开位移(COD)变化的分布规律。由计算结果发现,裂纹尖端应力奇异性消除,且应力最大值不一定出现在裂纹尖端,而是发生在裂纹尖端周围的内聚区内。