大滞后温度智能控制系统的研究与实现

本文研究的是以MCS-51系列单片机为核心的计算机控制系统,用以实现化工催化剂活性检测过程床层温度程序控制。被控对象是具有3～8分钟的纯滞后,时变,非线性特性的催化剂电加热炉。控制难度大。 采用了广义最小方差自校正控制算法,具有时变滞后的极点自校正PID算法,极点对消直接PID三种算法进行了仿真与现场试验研究。前两种,由于工作过程允许的信号对系统激励不够充分,对象在线辩识有困难,试验结果表现,不能实现预期的控制要求。最终采用了极点对消直接PID算法,成功地实现了催化剂活性温度自动控制。该系统工作稳定、可靠,控制精度达到了检测标准要求。     

一类不确定非线性系统的观测器设计

系统状态观测器在故障检测与状态反馈中起着重要作用,特剐是非线性系统状态观测器的构造已成为目前控制理论界一个重要研究课题。本文针对一类含有建模误差的非线性系统,提出了一种非线性状态观测器的结构形式,然后利用非线性变换,将含有建模误差的非线性系统变换为仅依赖原系统的输入、输出的规范形式,从而利用可测数据进行构造观测器。在此基础上,利用Lyapunov稳定性理论以及微分同胚的性质,分析了非线性动态误差方程的稳定性。理论证明,在建模误差为零时,估计状态收敛到其真实状态;在建模误差不为零时,估计状态与实际状态之差一致最终有界。最后进行了详细的仿真研究,结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于RBF神经网络的一类不确定非线性系统自适应H∞控制

基于RBF神经网络提出了一种H∞自适应控制方法。控制器由等效控制器和H∞控制器两部分组成。用RBF神经网络逼近非线性函数，并把逼近误差引入到网络权值的自适应律中用以改善系统的动态性能。H^∞控制器用于减弱外部及神经网络的逼近误差对跟踪的影响。所设计的控制器不仅保证了闭环系统的稳定性，而且使外部干扰及神经网络的逼近误差对跟踪的影响减小到给定的性能指标。最后给出的算例验证了该方法的有效性。     

航电设备故障诊断中的决策算法

设计了故障诊断专家系统中的多属性决策算法.分析了诊断决策算法对诊断效率的影响.根据各属性对诊断决策的影响,对属性值进行规范化.采用线性加权函数来评价各故障的优先级,利用对故障发生概率的偏好性求解各属性权值.设计修正向量对评价函数进行修正以满足它在属性边界点上跳变特性.通过实验分析了该多属性决策算法在不同情况下对诊断效率的提高程度.      

On the large-scale structure of the tail current as measured by THEMIS

The magnetic field structure and the spatial characteristics of the large-scale currents in the magnetospheric tail were studied during quiet and moderately disturbed geomagnetic conditions in 2009. The magnetic field of the currents other than the tail current was calculated in terms of a paraboloid model of the Earth’s magnetosphere, A2000, and was subtracted from measurements. It was found on the base of obtained tail current magnetic field radial distribution that the inner edge of the tail current sheet is located in the night side magnetosphere, at distances of about 10 R_E and of about 7 R_E during quiet and disturbed periods respectively. During the disturbance of February 14, 2009 (Dst_min ∼ −35 nT), the B_x and the B_z component of the tail current magnetic field near its inner edge were about 60 nT, and −60 nT that means that strong cross-tail current have been developed. The tail current parameters at different time moments during February 14, 2009 have been estimated. Solar wind conditions during this event were consistent with those during moderate magnetic storms with minimum Dst of about −100 nT. However, the magnetospheric current systems (magnetopause and cross-tail currents) were located at larger geocentric distances than typical during the 2009 extremely quiet epoch and did not provide the expected Dst magnitude. Very small disturbance on the Earth’s surface was detected consistent with an “inflated” magnetosphere.     

基于全解耦奇偶方程的动态系统执行器故障检测与识别

给出了基于全解耦奇偶方程的动态系统执行器故障的检测与识别方法。讨论了全解耦奇偶向量的产生方法,给出了全解耦奇偶向量的存在条件,并结合卡尔曼滤波方法得到了故障模型参数的估计方法。最后给出了仿真实例。结果表明,全解耦奇偶方程方法能估计出动态系统执行器故障模型。     

A discrete event systems approach to discriminating intermittent from permanent faults

Almost all work on model-based diagnosis （MBD） potentially presumes faults are per- sistent and does not take intermittent faults （IFs） into account. Therefore, it is common for diag- nosis systems to misjudge IFs as permanent faults （PFs）, which are the major cause of the problems of false alarms, cannot duplication and no fault found in aircraft avionics. To address this problem, a new fault model which includes PFs and IFs is presented based on discrete event systems （DESs）. Thereafter, an approach is given to discriminate between PFs and IFs by diagnosing the current fault. In this paper, the regulations of （PFs and IFs） fault evolution through fault and reset events along the traces of system are studied, and then label propagation function is modified to account for PFs and the dynamic behavior of IFs and diagnosability of PFs and IFs are defined. Finally, illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the proposed approach, and the analysis results show the fault types can be discriminated within bounded delay if the system is diagnosable.     

自适应直角切割网格民机增升装置绕流数值模拟

提出并介绍了基于直角切割网格的分区面搭接技术,采用变长宽比网格方法,成功地进行了存在外形间断(剪刀叉)的民机增升装置的网格生成和绕流Euler方程数值模拟.根据外形的特点,运用根网格分区算法,降低了整个网格的生成难度;通过基于外形的自适应网格加密技术,详细地描述了外形上的大量缝道和凹槽,提高了网格质量;在分区交界面上,利用重叠面积切割和面搭接算法实现了两侧网格间的流场信息传递,并保证了通量守恒;采用中心有限体积方法,结合双时间推进算法,完成流场的Euler方程数值模拟,计算结果与实验数据吻合良好,说明所述方法的正确性.     

一种适用于现代飞机火控系统的空-空导弹发射火控计算数学模型

给出的火控计算模型由两部分构成：首先利用机载雷达和其它传感器提供的信息,求解目标速度Vt和进入角Q,然后采用表格函数线性插值与解析修正相结合的方法,来求解导弹发射的最大、最小允许距离。最后给出了仿真结果。该数学模型已经用于某现役歼击机改装的雷达火控系统。     

基于FFT含有饱和环节的非线性等效系统的方法研究

基于快速傅里叶变换(FFT)方法,对系统的输入和输出信号进行快速傅里叶变换,对含有高次谐波的输出信号进行滤波,得到期望主频率的傅里叶频谱,然后进行傅里叶反变换,求得在各主频率下的幅值和相位.利用MATLAB中的非线性最小二乘拟配方法得到含有非线性环节的飞机纵向飞行控制系统的频域等效线性模型.这种方法也为含有非线性环节的飞机纵向飞行控制系统的飞行品质评估提供了一种可行的方法.