基于小卫星编队的稀疏孔径遥感技术

介绍了实现稀疏孔径系统的迈克尔逊干涉和斐索干涉的两种干涉成像原理,讨论了实现稀疏孔径探测和成像的子孔径的空间布局、相位一致和图像恢复,分析了载荷展开,卫星编队中的编队卫星轨道设计、空间基线测量与控制,以及光机技术等工程化实现的关键技术。     

小卫星高分辨率成像系统

对小卫星对地观测高分辨率成像系统进行了综述。介绍了国内外有极高分辨率（0．5～1．0m）、高分辨率（1．8～2．5m）和中高分辨率（4-10m）小卫星光学成像系统的性能,并与合成孔径雷达（SAR）成像系统进行了比较。给出了小卫星光学成像系统、SAR高分辨率成像系统和卫星平台的关键技术。讨论了未来小卫星及其高分辨率成像系统技术的发展趋势。     

星载SAR椭圆轨道全零多普勒导引方法研究

多普勒中心频率在星载合成孔径雷达（SAR）成像中,直接影响方位向的模糊度及图像的定位精度。全零多普勒导引方法通过调整偏航角和俯仰角,使多普勒中心频率为零,但现有方法都导致残余多普勒中心频率较大。文章利用椭圆轨道下多普勒中心频率的表达式,将多普勒中心频率分为仅与俯仰角相关部分,以及与俯仰角和偏航角都相关的部分,令两部分分...     

TOPSAR data focusing based on azimuth scaling preprocessing

Both Doppler spectral aliasing and azimuth output time folding simultaneously exist in TOPSAR (Terrain Observation by Progressive Scans) raw data. Resampling in both Doppler frequency and azimuth time domain can resolve the azimuth aliasing problem but with the seriously increased computational complexity and memory consumption. According to the special characteristics of TOPSAR raw data support in the slow time/frequency domain (TFD), the presented azimuth scaling preprocessing step is introduced to not only resolve the Doppler spectral aliasing problem but also reduce the increased azimuth samples. Furthermore, the correction of sawtoothed azimuth antenna pattern (AAP) becomes easy to be implemented. The following conventional stripmap processor can be adopted to focus the residual TOPSAR raw data but with the result of azimuth aliased TOPSAR image. The mosaic approach, which has been presented to unfold azimuth aliased ScanSAR image, is exploited to resolve the problem of azimuth output folding in TOPSAR mode. Simulation results and pulse response parameters are given to validate the presented imaging approach.     

基于稀疏阵列和码分信号的机载预警雷达STAP研究

基于稀疏阵列和码分正交信号,研究了机载雷达的空时自适应处理（STAP）技术,用于空中预警背景下的地面杂波抑制和运动目标探测。提出了稀疏阵列码分多相位中心孔径综合方法,采用正交编码信号实现多发多收,使综合后不同编码信号的相位中心在数量和分布情况上和满阵天线的相同,从而避免了稀疏阵列天线旁瓣较高的问题;在孔径综合的基础上,利用空时自适应处理方法完成杂波抑制,实现运动目标检测。仿真结果表明了本文方法的有效性。     

合成射流激励器阵列对共轴射流掺混的影响

分别对单列和多列合成射流激励器控制共轴射流掺混流场进行了详细的二维非定常数值模拟,通过对其温度场分布和掺混过程进行分析,探讨激励器阵列进行掺混控制的机理.在研究过程中,考虑了相邻合成射流的影响.结果表明,激励器的采用使得整个流场的非定常性增强、湍流度增大,从而增强了共轴射流及其与周围流体间的掺混;两列激励器较单列激励器相比,前者具有更强的控制能力,这主要是由于相邻合成射流比单个合成射流有着更显著作用力的缘故.      

自耦合射流激励同向气流掺混的数值研究

针对同向两股气流掺混的某一特定物理模型,对自耦合射流作用下的气流掺混过程进行了数值模拟研究以揭示激励参数对于同向两股气流掺混的影响.与未施加自耦合射流激励的掺混过程相比,自耦合射流周期性的吹/吸诱导流场内产生复杂的大尺度涡系结构,使得同向两股气流形成对流型混合,有效缩减了主流核心区长度;随着自耦合激励器驱动频率和驱动振幅的增大,自耦合射流出口附近的涡强度增强,同向两股气流掺混效果得到有效改善.      

分数傅立叶变换用于抑制SAR杂波背景检测慢速动目标

慢速运动目标在时、空、频域上都落入主杂波区。利用单通道SAR图像中静止背景的信息抑制静止杂波,可改善检测动目标的性能。分数傅立叶变换是线性变换,不存在交叉项,采用分数傅立叶变换搜索匹配动目标信号,使其能量汇聚。对称计算旋转角正负对称的分数傅立叶变换,在两个对称的分数傅立叶域中得到两个复信号,这两个复信号中静止背景的模处处相同,而包含动目标的区域,模的幅度有很大差别,计算对称的分数傅立叶域信号对应位置模的差,取绝对值,可对消静止背景,敏锐地检测动目标。实测数据表明本算法有效。     

压电驱动自耦合射流冲击冷却特性的实验

利用热线风速仪测量了二维狭缝自耦合射流的速度和湍流度变化,获得了激发器输入电压、频率对自耦合射流的影响规律,获得了激发器的最佳激励电压和频率值;并将自耦合射流应用于冲击换热,通过红外热像仪得到了不同加热功率下加热靶板对流换热系数分布。实验结果表明:(1)在冲击间距比小于20时,射流处于发展区内,冲击冷却效果较差;(2)冲击间距比大于20以后,射流完全形成并趋于稳定后,冲击靶板的换热效果较好;(3)但由于射流速度随着距离增大而衰减,换热效果在冲击间距比为80时达到最佳。      

Theoretical modeling of vectoring dual synthetic jet based on regression analysis

The excellent vectoring characteristic of Dual Synthetic Jet (DSJ) provides a new control strategy for the active flow control, such as thrust vectoring control, large area cooling, separated flow control and so on. For incompressible flow, the influence relation of source variables, such as structure parameters of actuators, driving parameters and material attributes of piezoelectric vibrating diaphragm, on the vectoring DSJ and a theoretical model are established based on theoretical and regression analysis, which are all verified by numerical simulations. The two synthetic jets can be deemed as a main flow with a higher jet velocity and a disturbing flow with a lower jet velocity. The results indicate that the influence factors contain the low-pressure area formed at the exit of the disturbing flow, which could promote the vectoring deflection, and the impact effect of the disturbing flow and the suppressive effect of the main flow with the effect of restraining the vectoring deflection. The vectoring angle is a complex parameter coupled by all source variables. The detailed theoretical model, whose error is controlled within 3.6 degrees, can be used to quantitatively assess the vectoring feature of DSJ and thus to provide a guidance for designing the control law applied in the active flow control.