惯性/星光/卫星组合导航系统可视化仿真研究及实现

组合导航可视化仿真是验证多传感器组合导航方案、算法正确性和可靠性的有效手段,可以通过曲线、图形的方式对多传感器组合导航过程进行三维直观演示。为充分验证所提出的惯性/星光/卫星多传感器组合导航系统的精度和可靠性,本文设计了基于VC++的多传感器组合导航的算法可视化仿真验证系统,采用任务分离技术分配主辅线程实现界面显示和算法运算并行工作,同时利用API函数实现高效、高速的串口传输和界面显示,提高系统的实时性。实验结果表明,本文设计的系统可以满足多传感器组合导航系统可视化仿真演示的需要,运行稳定可靠。     

捷联惯性测量系统中陀螺仪线性度分段补偿方法研究

某型小型化捷联惯性测量系统的陀螺仪线性度在不同角速率下差异较大,提高精度需要修改硬件。本文在硬件不变的情况下,提出了一种分段补偿的软件设计方法,即在不同的速率点采取不同的标度因数。试验数据表明,补偿后的陀螺仪线性度得到提高,达到指标要求,证明此方法是有效的。     

基于FEM的惯导系统电磁屏蔽效能仿真分析

机箱电磁屏蔽效能的优劣影响惯导系统的电磁兼容性能,而孔缝是造成电磁泄露的重要原因。本文运用FEM分析计算软件Ansoft HFSS,分析了缝隙的形状和不同组合对机箱屏蔽效能和谐振频率的影响,提出了改进措施提高屏蔽效能。并对惯导系统电子设备机箱的设计进行了比较,为选择屏蔽效能较好的设计提供了依据。     

Effect of interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinfroced ceramic-matrix composites

An analytical methodology was developed to investigate the effect of fiber/matrix interface debonding on matrix multicracking evolution of fiber-reinforced CMCs(ceramic-matrix composites). The Budiansky-Hutchinson-Evans shear-lag model was adopted to analyse the micro-stress field of the damaged composites. The critical matrix strain energy criterion, which presupposes the existence of an ultimate or critical matrix strain energy with matrix, was obtained to simulate the matrix multicracking evolution of CMCs. With the increase of the applied stress, the matrix multicracking and fiber/matrix interface debonding occurred to dissipate the additional energy entered into the composites. The fiber/matrix interface debonded length under matrix multicracking evolution was obtained by treating the interface debonding as a particular crack propagation problem. The conditions for no-debonding and debonding during the evolution of matrix multicracking were discussed in terms of two interfacial properties, i.e., the interface shear stress and interface debonded toughness. When the fiber/matrix interface was bonded, the matrix multicracking evolution was much more intense compared with the interface debonding; when the fiber/matrix interface was debonded, the matrix crack density increased with the increasing of interface shear stress and interface debonded energy. The theoretical results were compared with experimental data of unidirectional SiC/CAS(calcium alumina silicate), SiC/CAS-Ⅱ and SiC/borosilicate composites.      

基于经验模态分解的燃烧不稳定性分析

实验研究了在常温常压条件下贫燃预混旋流火焰的燃烧不稳定性,发生燃烧不稳定性时其压力脉动表现为非平稳信号.利用一种基于经验模态分解(EMD)的希尔伯特-黄变换(HHT)算法对在当量比分别为0.71和0.80工况下的压力脉动信号进行了时频分析.针对压力脉动信号进行经验模态分解,选取主要的固有模态函数(IMF),对IMF通过HHT变换得到瞬时频率并进行统计分析.结果表明:在当量比为0.71时,压力信号呈间歇式的脉动,其振型为拍振;在当量比为0.80时,脉动压力信号则呈现出极限环振型.在基于EMD的HHT变换中,IMF体现了燃烧不稳定性的固有模态且具有自适应性强的特点.      

小推力高室压NTO/MMH火箭发动机实验系统管路流阻特性实验

为研究小推力高室压NTO/MMH(四氧化二氮/甲基肼)火箭发动机实验系统管路流阻特性,对管路流阻理论、冷流实验及点火实验进行对比分析研究.通过管路介质流动能量损失计算,建立NTO/MMH管路流阻特性理论模型.开展无水乙醇冷流实验及NTO/MMH小推力高室压火箭发动机点火实验,以最小二乘法确定流阻特性实验拟合公式.与冷流实验结果相比,无水乙醇流量分别为0.10~0.40kg/s,0.09~0.36kg/s时,NTO/MMH管路理论流阻平均误差分别为5.42%,3.67%;与点火实验结果相比,真实推进剂流量分别为0.39~0.47kg/s,0.26~0.31kg/s时,NTO/MMH管路理论流阻平均误差分别为2.44%,2.47%,基于冷流实验预测的流阻平均误差分别为5.74%,3.46%,NTO流量为0.47~0.51kg/s(不含0.47kg/s)时,管路理论与冷流实验预测的流阻平均误差分别为16.56%,9.73%.实验与分析结果可应用于小推力高室压NTO/MMH发动机点火实验,并为实验系统设计提供必要支持.      

X射线脉冲星导航硬件脉冲轮廓累积研究

为了在X射线脉冲星地面实验系统仿真源模拟产生X射线的基础上,能够快速稳定地得到脉冲轮廓,采用硬件历元叠加的方法获得脉冲轮廓。研究了用硬件实现历元叠加及其数据整合的算法,该算法首先在MATLAB现场可编程逻辑阵列(FPGA)中实现,再通过MATLAB硬件描述语言(HDL)代码生成模块把算法转换成HDL,经编译后获得配置硬件的Bit文件,最终在开发板FPGA上实现数据处理的硬件模块。一段时间内的光子到达时间数据通过MATLAB算法得到的脉冲轮廓数据与通过硬件模块处理后得到的数据结果存在误差,在单个时间窗口内误差最大值为2个光子数,误差平均值占光子数统计平均值的0.084%;两组统计的脉冲轮廓数据中不同数据占总数据个数的9.481%,这样的误差不影响后端模拟导航模块的导航。利用硬件实现的历元叠加及其数据整合模块具有处理速度快、设备紧凑、功耗低的特点,为航天器利用X射线脉冲星导航提供了一种可行的硬件数据处理技术上的支持。     

存在观测站位置误差的转发式时差无源定位

无源定位中,由于观测站安放在运动平台等原因造成的观测站位置误差会影响无源定位精度性能。另外到达时间差(简称时差)(TDOA)的转发式测量需要将不同观测站截获到的辐射源信号都转发到同一位置,如主观测站。针对这两个问题,提出了基于约束总体最小二乘(CTLS)的无源定位算法。首先将转发式时差的非线性定位方程转化为不需要中间变量的直接线性方程,再基于CTLS算法依次转化为约束优化问题和无约束优化问题,最后推导给出定位近似闭式解。仿真实验表明在观测站误差较大时,该算法与其他算法相比定位精度性能较好。     

Gust response analysis and wind tunnel test for a high-aspect ratio wing

A theoretical nonlinear aeroelastic response analysis for a flexible high-aspect ratio wing excited by harmonic gust load is presented along with a companion wind tunnel test. A multidisci-plinary coupled numerical calculation is developed to simulate the flexible model wing undergoing gust load in the time domain via discrete nonlinear finite element structural dynamic analysis and nonplanar unsteady vortex lattice aerodynamic computation. A dynamic perturbation analysis about a nonlinear static equilibrium is also used to determine the small perturbation flutter bound-ary. A novel noncontact 3-D camera measurement analysis system is firstly used in the wind tunnel test to obtain the spatial large deformation and responses. The responses of the flexible wing under different static equilibrium states and frequency gust loads are discussed. The fair to good quanti-tative agreements between the theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the presented analysis method is an acceptable way to predict the geometrically nonlinear gust response for flex-ible wings.     

APU进气系统安装典型设计细节的研究

辅助动力装置(Auxiliary Power Unit,以下简称APU)是民用飞机的重要系统,其安装设计对于APU 的功能、性能、安全性、可靠性、可维修性等具有很大的影响。重点研究APU 的进气系统安装设计,对设计细节导致的典型问题进行分析,并给出推荐性解决方案,对于民机APU 的安装设计具有一定的指导作用和实用价值。