基于多层多级天际线选择方法的威胁评估

传统的威胁评估均采用加权求和方法，最终得到的单一威胁度序列缺少各目标特征，且权值设定过程复杂。在天际线选择理论的基础上，提出了多级天际线选择方法，结合多层次威胁评估建模思想，建立了基于多层多级天际线选择方法的威胁评估模型，有效消除了权值设定过程中个人喜好等因素的干扰，并将每个目标在各评价维度上的属性特征呈现出来。仿真实验结果表明，获得的威胁评估结果全面直观，为指挥员依据不同情况进行后续决策提供了重要依据。     

The ratio of hazardous meteoroids to orbital debris in near-Earth space

Orbital debris is known to pose a substantial threat to Earth-orbiting spacecraft at certain altitudes. For instance, the orbital debris flux near Sun-synchronous altitudes of 600–800 km is particularly high due in part to the 2007 Fengyun-1C anti-satellite test and the 2009 Iridium-Kosmos collision. At other altitudes, however, the orbital debris population is minimal and the primary impactor population is not man-made debris particles but naturally occurring meteoroids. While the spacecraft community has some awareness of the risk posed by debris, there is a common misconception that orbital debris impacts dominate the risk at all locations. In this paper, we present a damage-limited comparison between meteoroids and orbital debris near the Earth for a range of orbital altitude and inclination, using NASA’s latest models for each environment. Overall, orbital debris dominates the impact risk between altitudes of 600 and 1300 km, while meteoroids dominate below 270 km and above 4800 km.     

Performance assessment of real-time multi-GNSS integrated PPP with uncombined and ionospheric-free combined observables

For precise position services, the real-time precise point positioning (PPP) is a promising technology. The real-time PPP performance is expected to be improved by multi-system combination. The performance of real-time multi-system PPP needs to be periodically investigated, with the increasing number of available satellites and the continuously improved quality of real-time precise products of satellite clocks and orbits. In this study, a comprehensive performance assessment is conducted for the four-system integrated real-time PPP (FSIRT-PPP) with GPS, BDS, Galileo and GLONASS in both static and kinematic modes. The datasets from 118 stations spanning approximately a month are used for analysis, and the real-time stream CLK93 is employed. The superior performance of FSIRT-PPP is validated by comparing with the results of GPS/BDS, GPS/Galileo, GPS/GLONASS, GPS-only, BDS-only, Galileo-only and GLONASS-only cases. The FSIRT-PPP using ionospheric-free (IF) combined observables can achieve a convergence time of 10.9, 4.8 and 11.8 min and a positioning accuracy of 0.4, 0.5 and 0.7 cm in the static mode in the east, north and up directions, respectively, while the derived statistic is 15.4, 7.0 and 16.4 min, and 1.6, 1.2 and 3.4 cm in the kinematic mode in the three directions, respectively. Moreover, we also compare the position solutions of real-time PPP adopting IF combined and uncombined (UC) observables, and prove the mathematical equivalence between the two PPP models in the converged stage, provided that there are no external ionospheric corrections or constraints given to the estimated ionospheric delays in the UC model. The difference between the fully converged positioning accuracy of IF-based and UC-based real-time PPP is marginal, but the UC-based real-time PPP has longer convergence time due to the influence of the significant unmodeled time-varying errors in the real-time precise products as well as the different parameterization between them. For completeness, the real-time kinematic PPP results in harsh environments and the post-processed PPP results are also presented.     

教师任职年度考核管理信息系统的设计与实现

教师任职年度考核是对教师在任职年度内的政治表现、工作表现、科研成果、附加工作等四方面进行考核.本系统共设有数据录入、数据管理、统计处理、数据查询、打印输出、系统维护等六大功能模块和一个考核数据库,具有良好的人机交互界面.     

焊接结构的疲劳评定方法

焊接结构的疲劳强度是焊接结构完整性的重要保证.焊接结构的疲劳强度取决于整体结构构造及接头特征等因素,焊接结构的疲劳评定需要考虑焊接接头类型及局部力学行为等不同结构层次的作用.目前已发展了名义应力评定方法、结构应力评定方法、局部应力应变评定方法和断裂力学评定方法.     

Procedure and methodologies for managing the risk of space object reentry

This paper proposes a procedure for managing the risk of reentering space objects and risk assessment methodologies used for the process. The proposed procedure comprises three phases encompassing the whole reentry stages of space objects. Mathematical models for assessing the impact risk of the reentering space objects by utilizing the information available during different risk management phases and the recommended risk analysis results for public communication are presented. The concept of the conditional casualty expectation is proposed as the metric representing the reentry risk and the method to compute its profile is introduced. A case study on the risk management procedure with the dataset on an actual reentry event is conducted to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed procedure.     

空中加油机加油操控台设计及人机工效分析

分析了空中加油机加油员操控台设计的人机工效因素,结合加油员操控台的特点及设计要素对操控台的形式进行对比分析,设计出一种具有良好人机界面的空中加油机加油员操控台。利用分析软件对操控台设计进行了可视性、可达性人机工效虚拟化评估,结果表明所设计操控台能够满足加油操控员操作的人机工效要求。     

经济学视角下的企业变革阻力问题研究

从经济学视角出发,发现企业变革中存在阻力问题的原因主要表现在以下三个方面:一是路径依赖使企业变革受到惯性阻力;二是信息不对称使得员工恐惧产生变革阻力;三是变革的风险成本大于收益,困扰企业变革前进的脚步。基于此,要消除企业变革的阻力问题可以从加强对员工的培训力度、让员工参与变革、塑造共同愿景、建立强有力的领导团队以及提高员工对变革的适应性等几个方面着手。     

初探民用飞机EWIS安全评估

结合EWIS自身的特征,提供安全评估的基本思路,着重对EWIS安全性适航条款§25.1709进行分析与理解,介绍了目前常用的五种安全评估分析方法,并简要介绍了EWIS安全分析中输入数据常用的获取途径。     

贝叶斯网络在飞控系统可靠性评估中的应用

把一种基于贝叶斯网络的故障树分析法应用于飞控系统俯仰控制功能的可靠性评估中,突破传统故障树分析法的局限性——各部件独立、状态为二值,不但可以计算系统的可靠性指标,而且可以定量给出某个事件或某几个事件在系统可靠性中所占的地位,找出系统的薄弱环节。