Tumbling object deorbiting using spaceborne laser engagement – A CubeSat case study

This paper demonstrates active space debris removal using spaceborne laser systems. The laser beam and the surface of the target are discretised into multiple rays and finite elements, respectively, for laser-target interaction modelling, in which the laser ablation process is investigated. A high-fidelity attitude/orbit propagator tool is developed to account for both the linear impulse and angular impulse induced by the laser engagement and other perturbations. The laser system is activated only when three switch criteria are satisfied. In numerical simulations, laser pulses from international space station are generated to deorbit a 3U CubeSat with initially tumbling modes. The results validate the effectiveness of deorbiting tumbling CubeSats using spaceborne laser engagement, with the perigee height lowered by approximately $2.4\mathrm{km}$ in around $30\min$ after $2\mathrm{h}$ propagation. It is also found that the laser engagement becomes more effective for an initially faster rotating object.     

运载火箭捷联惯组全自主对准技术应用研究

我国运载火箭发射前通常通过光学瞄准确定初始方位角,采用捷联惯组自对准解算获取水平姿态角。以可实现简易、快速发射的新型火箭为背景,在发射场阵风等干扰引起箭体低频微幅晃动的环境下,研究了捷联惯组自主对准技术。分析了运载火箭全自主对准的特点,利用以惯性系为参考基准的解析对准法和卡尔曼滤波精对准方法,对高精度全自主对准技术和其在运载火箭上的应用展开了详细论述。开展了全自主对准试验验证,结合新一代运载火箭首飞数据进行了分析。结果表明:捷联惯组全自主对准技术可替代复杂的光学瞄准系统,实现运载火箭发射前初始姿态的确定。     

基于近邻保持嵌入的卫星姿态控制系统微小故障检测

摘要： 以卫星姿态控制系统(ACS)为研究对象，以微小故障检测为研究目标，提出一种改进的近邻保持嵌入算法(EWMA DNPE).针对近邻保持嵌入(NPE)算法中邻域参数无法自动设定的缺陷，通过引入动态邻域，使得动态近邻保持嵌入算法（DNPE）可根据流形的样本密度动态地选取近邻点计算权值重构矩阵.将指数加权移动平均(EWMA)引入DNPE，通过EWMA对历史故障数据的累加作用，建立SPE统计量实现微小故障的检测，并仿真验证了EWMA DNPE算法对卫星ACS微小故障检测的有效性和可行性.     

PDE model-based boundary control of a spacecraft with double flexible appendages under prescribed performance

This paper investigates a boundary control scheme of a spacecraft with double flexible appendages under prescribed performance. The flexible spacecraft system comprises a rigid central hub and two flexible appendages regarded as continuum models, so that the motion of the system can be portrayed by using partial differential equations (PDEs). In this paper, only one control torque and two control forces are applied to guarantee the desired attitude angle of the spacecraft and simultaneously suppress the vibration of the two flexible appendages. Moreover, the angle tracking error of the spacecraft can be restricted in a small residual set under a minimum convergence rate by adopting the prescribed performance technique (PPT). The stability of the boundary control is analyzed by employing LaSalle’s invariance principle. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed controller is verified through numerical results.     

A composite disturbance observer and H_∞ control scheme for flexible spacecraft with measurement delay and input delay

In this paper, the attitude control algorithm of flexible spacecraft with unknown measurement delay and input delay based on disturbance observer is designed. The influence of measurement delay and input delay on the attitude control system and disturbance observer is analyzed. The disturbance estimation error equation is transformed into a differential system with a pure delay. Then, the observer gain is chosen based on the 3/2 stability theorem to ensure the stability and disturbance attenuation performance of the pure delay system. Next, the controller gain is designed based on the Linear Matrix Inequality(LMI) approach to guarantee the stability of the composite system and achieve H_∞ performance with two additive delays. The simulation results show that the proposed method can improve the anti-disturbance ability of the attitude control system.     

质量特性对航天器火工冲击传递影响仿真分析

航天器火工冲击环境复杂，冲击载荷的瞬态、高度非线性等特点，使得冲击响应的准确预示具有一定难度。卫星舱板上分布大量单机设备，其质量特性成为影响火工冲击传递的关键因素。根据火工冲击传递机理，建立了卫星舱板与单机设备的冲击有限元简化模型，计算了舱板上的火工冲击响应。通过与试验数据的对比，误差控制在±35dB内，验证了有限元建模的合理性。以此为基础，研究了火工冲击传递特性，为火工冲击响应预示及卫星舱板布局设计提供了参考。     

基于神经网络自适应动态逆的结冰飞机飞行安全边界保护方法

考虑到飞机带冰飞行的安全问题，对结冰飞机进行安全边界保护成为一种有效的解决手段。基于神经网络自适应动态逆跟踪性能好、鲁棒性强的优点，提出了以安全关键飞行参数限制值作为神经网络自适应动态逆的输入，获取可用舵面偏转角的边界保护方法。建立了飞机本体动力学模型，采用高精度的数值模拟方法获得结冰数据库。设计了神经网络自适应动态逆控制律，通过在动态逆环节引入单隐层神经网络，对不确定性逆误差进行自适应补偿，增强了控制系统的鲁棒性。以俯仰姿态保持模式为例设计了结冰飞行闭环安全边界保护系统。以结冰飞机最小平飞速度的估算值作为飞机最低飞行速度，设计自动油门控制系统，实现对飞行速度的保护。通过仿真验证了设计的控制律具有较强的鲁棒性。对结冰严重程度线性增加情形下飞机状态参数的动态响应进行了分析。仿真结果表明，所设计的结冰边界保护系统，能够实现飞机在容冰飞行过程中对安全关键参数如迎角、飞行速度的实时保护。     

V型轮控系统卫星东西位置保持策略优化方法研究

以某在轨GEO卫星为研究对象,探讨了适用于V型轮控系统特点的东西位置保持策略．首先分析了V型轮控系统的工作原理,提出了轮控过程中推力器效率的标定方法和喷气卸载对轨道影响的数学模型;然后深入分析了轮控过程中姿态控制对卫星东西位置保持环及偏心率的影响,提出了延长位保周期的控制策略,并在实际任务中获得了较好的效果．     

超声波流量计在航天器推进系统中的应用分析

超声波流量计作为一种先进的流量计量仪器已经在工业上得到广泛的应用,其高精度、易安装、不受环境因素影响等特性为航天器在轨推进剂计量带来了新的思路.超声波的反射特性使得该装置也可作为推进剂管路内流体状态的监测及故障诊断的有力工具.简介了超声波流量计的原理及发展,分析了该装置对航天器推进系统的计量及检测的适用性,并针对该项技术在中国航天器推进系统中的应用提出了具体建议.     

帆板驱动时的卫星姿态前馈补偿控制

研究帆板驱动影响下的卫星姿态控制问题.帆板驱动时存在转速波动,从而影响卫星姿态.在已有帆板驱动模型的基础上,分析帆板转速特性,通过对帆板转速的离线拟合和在线估计,结合卫星姿态动力学模型,设计了卫星姿态的一般前馈补偿和自适应前馈补偿控制器.数学仿真结果表明,两种前馈补偿控制均能有效克服由帆板驱动不平稳而造成的对星体干扰,实现卫星姿态高精度控制.