分布式航天器相对位置测量平台设计

分布式航天器间相对位置的实时高精度测量是分布式航天器实现空间队形保持的关键技术之一。为了对相对位置测量方法进行研究、分析和论证，建立了分布式航天器相对位置测量地面实验平台。介绍了分布式航天器相对位置测量和解算的基本原理；论述了仿真平台的组成和功能；基于仿真平台对相对位置测量精度进行了仿真试验，试验结果显示该平台具有良好的性能指标；最后介绍了相对位置解算仿真评估软件的设计方法。     

Singularity analysis for single gimbal control moment gyroscope system using space expansion method

Control Moment Gyroscope (CMG) is an effective candidate for agile satellites and large spacecraft attitude control because of its powerful torque amplification capability. The most serious situation, however, in using CMG is the inherent geometric singularity problem, where there’s no torque output along a particular direction. Space expansion method has been proposed in this work for the singularity analysis. Based on inverse mapping transformation, an expanded Jacobian matrix which is a full rank square matrix is obtained. The singular angle sets of the 3-parallel cluster and pyramid cluster are distinguished using space expansion method. An effective hybrid steering strategy, able to deal with the elliptic singularity, is further proposed. Simulation results demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed steering logic compared to the generalized singular robust logic and pseudo inverse logic in terms of energy consumption and torque error.     

基于模型的载人航天器研制方法研究与实践

载人航天器具有系统规模大、技术难度高、单件小批量、无法通过多次飞行持续完善设计、可靠性要求高等特点。当前载人航天器研制中仍存在着参数化和模型化程度不高、基于模型的系统综合仿真验证不足、研制各环节缺乏数字化集成等问题，传统基于文本的系统工程方法已无法满足研制需求，亟需采用基于模型的系统工程方法。本文针对载人航天器的研制现状和应用需求，提出了面向载人航天器全生命周期的模型体系，定义了需求模型、功能模型、产品模型、工程模型、制造模型、实做模型等六类模型，提出了基于模型的研制流程，包含系统设计闭环验证、产品设计闭环验证、实做产品闭环验证3个验证环节，并深入探索了各研制环节中不同模型间的传递与关联关系。以某型号载人航天器为应用基础，系统地验证了提出的方法。     

着陆姿态对地外天体表层采样的影响研究

表层采样技术是获得地外天体特性的重要手段,是完成地外天体采样任务的一项关键技术。文章结合4自由度表层采样装置的特点,建立了表层采样装置的逆运动学模型,分析了极限着陆姿态下表层采样装置安装位置在当地参考坐标系中的变化,并针对一次封装与二次封装过程中表层采样装置的位置和姿态要求,明确了末端采样器姿态补偿方法,提出了着陆姿态对表层采样影响的分析算法。仿真结果表明,该算法能有效分析着陆姿态对表层采样的影响,可为表层采样装置适应性设计提供支持。     

航天器的数字化总装设计研究

文章总结了航天器数字化总装设计的基本思路、方法和经验，阐明了数字化总装设计所发挥的作用和意义。     

航天器低电压差分信号线缆辐射干扰研究

基于双绞线结构及低电压差分信号(LVDS)的周期特性,运用数值评估与多导体传输线理论模型仿真的方法,分析了多个分叉的LVDS线缆辐射干扰强度。之后,提出了LVDS线缆辐射干扰的抑制工艺措施。理论分析与实测结果吻合较好,验证了采用多导体传输线法分析LVDS线缆的辐射特性,并证实了在总装工艺过程中采取屏蔽加固措施的有效性,可为优化航天器LVDS线缆布局提供参考。     

基于DSM的航天器信息建模方法及应用

将设计结构矩阵（DSM）技术应用于航天器研制的设计流程建模和信息建模,能够清晰准确地描述航天器各设计活动之间的信息耦合关系。根据航天器设计过程中跨分系统集成和协同设计的具体教学与培训需求,开发了一种基于DSM进行建模的工具软件,可用于建立一个基于设计参数信息的集成设计系统。根据其内在耦合关联关系,可实现各个分系统、各个模块、各个学科的参数信息一致和动态关联更新。     

略论我国航天器名字的英译

指出了我国航天器名的英译用汉语拼音的不足;建议我国航天器的英译名以意译为主,音译为辅;提出了航天器名意译的原则和我国全部航天器按意译的英语名建议。     

Coronal radio-sounding detection of a CME during the 1997 Galileo solar conjunction

Frequency fluctuations of the Galileo S-band radio signal were recorded nearly continuously during the spacecraft’s solar conjunction from December 1996 to February 1997. A strong propagating disturbance, most probably associated with a coronal mass ejection (CME), was detected on 7 February when the radio ray path proximate point was on the west solar limb at about 54 solar radii from the Sun. The CME passage through the line of sight is characterized by a significant increase in the fluctuation intensity of the recorded frequency and by an increase in the plasma speed from about 234 km s⁻¹ up to about 755 km s⁻¹. These velocity estimates are obtained from a correlation analysis of frequency fluctuations recorded simultaneously at two widely-separated ground stations. The density turbulence power spectrum is found to steepen behind the CME front. The Galileo radio-sounding data are compared with SOHO/LASCO observations of the CME in the corona and with WIND spacecraft data near the Earth’s orbit.     

Crew autonomy for deep space exploration: Lessons from the Antarctic Search for Meteorites

Future piloted missions to explore asteroids, Mars, and other targets beyond the Moon will experience strict limitations on communication between vehicles in space and control centers on Earth. These limitations will require crews to operate with greater autonomy than any past space mission has demonstrated. The Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) project, which regularly sends small teams of researchers to remote parts of the southern continent, resembles a space mission in many ways but does not rely upon a control center. It provides a useful crew autonomy model for planners of future deep space exploration missions. In contrast to current space missions, ANSMET gives the crew the authority to adjust competing work priorities, task assignments, and daily schedules; allows the crew to be the primary monitor of mission progress; demands greater crew accountability for operational errors; requires the crew to make the most of limited communication bandwidth; adopts systems designed for simple operation and failure recovery; and grants the crew a leading role in the selection and stowage of their equipment.