核热推进技术综述

分析了核热推进相对于现有传统推进技术的优势,介绍了可能的技术实现途径,重点是目前已经实现的固相核热推进技术,并归纳了有关文献对于固相核热推进技术的空间应用分析结果;介绍了核热推进技术的发展历程,并对当前发展态势进行了分析;最后针对我国发展核热推进技术提出几点考虑。     

采用MPPT技术的国外深空探测器电源系统综述

最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）技术能够最大限度利用太阳电池阵输出功率,对于光强和温度变化较大的深空探测器,具有一定的优势。对MPPT电源系统拓扑结构及其在国外深空探测领域的典型应用,如＂罗塞塔＂（Rosetta）、＂信使＂（MESSENGER）探测器电源系统等,进行了调研和综述,分析了3种MPPT拓扑结构的特点,并指出光强、温度等空间环境因素,以及负载特性、系统稳定性对电源系统的影响,可为MPPT技术在我国深空探测器电源系统设计中应用提供参考。     

Toroidal magnetic fields for protecting astronauts from ionizing radiation in long duration deep space missions

Among the configurations of superconducting magnet structures proposed for protecting manned spaceships or manned deep space bases from ionizing radiation, toroidal ones are the most appealing for the efficient use of the magnetic field, being most of the incoming particle directions perpendicular to the induction lines of the field. The parameters of the toroid configuration essentially depend from the shape and volume of the habitat to be protected and the level of protection to be guaranteed. Two options are considered: (1) the magnetic system forming with the habitat a unique complex (compact toroid) to be launched as one piece; (2) the magnetic system to be launched separately from the habitat and assembled around it in space (large toroid).     

Exact analytic solution for the spin-up maneuver of an axially symmetric spacecraft

The problem of spinning-up an axially symmetric spacecraft subjected to an external torque constant in magnitude and parallel to the symmetry axis is considered. The existing exact analytic solution for an axially symmetric body is applied for the first time to this problem. The proposed solution is valid for any initial conditions of attitude and angular velocity and for any length of time and rotation amplitude. Furthermore, the proposed solution can be numerically evaluated up to any desired level of accuracy. Numerical experiments and comparison with an existing approximated solution and with the integration of the equations of motion are reported in the paper. Finally, a new approximated solution obtained from the exact one is introduced in this paper.     

载人深空探测进入/再入走廊设计方法研究

载人航天器的进入/再入走廊刻画了进入地外天体或再入返回地球时允许的进入/再入角范围。载人深空探测进入/再入过程中,载人航天器必须满足进入/再入走廊约束,以避免经历过大的过载、热流和总加热量等力/热环境,威胁进入/再入飞行安全。文章研究载人深空探测进入/再入走廊的设计方法,通过融合载人航天器进入/再入预测校正制导,验证进入/再入走廊的可行性,并采用基于安全系数的偏差因素影响分析方法,获取进入/再入走廊的设计裕度。最后,以载人月地再入返回为例,具体阐明了再入走廊的设计方法,并通过数学仿真验证了设计方法的有效性。研究结果将为载人深空探测进入/再入走廊设计以及进入/再入返回总体设计提供技术参考。     

邻近空间无线通信连接技术的探讨

文章研究了CCSDSPSLP（空间数据系统咨询委员会邻近空间链路协议）的连接技术,从连接帧格式、指令内容、状态逻辑、参数配置等方面进行了深入分析,重点研究了物理层、编码与同步子层的底层功能及接口细节,并从实现的角度讨论了三种优化连接的方法流程,为基于PSLP的设备研制做出了具备应用价值的技术探索.     

Private property rights on asteroid resources: Assessing the legality of the ASTEROIDS Act

On June 10, 2014, a bill proposing to establish and protect (private) property rights on asteroid resources was introduced in the US House of Representatives.Regardless of its effective chances to become law, the presentation of the Bill raises numerous legal questions, particularly concerning the status of extraterrestrial natural resources and the consistency of what the Bill suggests with international space law.The purpose of the present viewpoint is to address and clarify the above questions.     

国外空间反射镜材料及应用分析

空间反射镜材料的选取与反射镜镜坯加工工艺直接影响光学遥感卫星的戍像能力。提高空间相机分辨率的直接途径是增大光学系统的口径,因此大口径空间反射镜的材料技术和镜坯加工技术受到了高度关注。在未来相当长的时间内,相关技术都是研究热点。文章重点研究了常用空间反射镜材料的特性,这些材料包括美国康宁公司的超低膨胀玻璃、德国肖特集团的微晶玻璃、碳化硅和碳化硅复合材料,并对熔接法、浇铸法、烧结法等常用的大口径反射镜镜坯加工方法进行了研究,调研了各类材料的实际在轨应用情况。最后根据上述材料的热膨胀系数和反射镜结构强度等特征,分析总结了这些材料的适用范围。     

象移对星载TDICCD相机成像品质的影响分析

像移是影响星载时间延迟积分电荷耦合器件（TDICCD）相机成像品质的重要因素。为研究像移对TDICCD像质的影响,首先分析了像移引起图像模糊和几何变形的机理,研究了像移降质的辐射和几何方面评价参量。依据TDICCD工作原理,建立了像移影响下TDICCD相机空变降质模型,并以此为基础,计算并分析了不同形式、不同方向上的像移影响下的像质下降情况。分析结果表明,不同方向、不同形式的像移引起的成像品质下降是不同的。文章中提出的空变降质模型可以为后续的仿真及像移降质图像的恢复等提供参考。