基于LabVIEW的超精密磨床嵌入式监控系统

针对超精密磨削机床的监控需求,基于NI–sbRIO硬件平台开发了一套应用于超精密磨床状态监测和数据采集的嵌入式监控系统,使用FPGA对温度、振动、声发射等信息进行实时数据采集,并使用实时处理器对数据进行分析和处理,实现对机床的实时状态监测和数据存储。通过FPGA编程取代硬件数据采集卡,成本低,灵活性强。试验表明,该系统能够胜任超精密磨床的监控任务。     

分开排气式喷管喷流噪声预测及试验研究

为揭示涡扇发动机分开排气式喷管喷流噪声的频谱分布和指向特性,对喷管缩比模型远声场喷流噪声进行了预测及试验研究,并开展了全尺寸喷管基准型及锯齿型喷流噪声的预测工作。结果表明:采用Tam & Auriault方法可以预测出喷流噪声的声压级值和空间指向分布,喷流噪声具有明显的指向性。与基准型喷管相比,锯齿型喷管具有良好的降噪效果;内外涵锯齿型喷管在中低频段的降噪效果优于内涵锯齿型喷管,在高频段的降噪效果差于内涵锯齿型喷管;在本文研究参数范围内,指向角小于88°时内外涵锯齿型喷管总声压级(OASPL)值高于内涵锯齿型喷管。     

扩展酉矩阵束算法实现稀疏可重构天线阵的优化设计

针对方向图可重构天线阵列的稀疏布阵问题,提出一种基于扩展酉矩阵束算法的优化设计算法。首先建立以阵元位置和多组激励为变量的多方向图联合稀疏优化模型,并利用期望方向图采样数据构建Hankel块矩阵。然后通过centro-Hermitian化处理和酉变换将采样矩阵从复数域转换到实数域,舍弃实矩阵中较小的奇异值对可重构线阵进行稀疏。最后通过对等价矩阵束的广义特征值分解估计稀布阵元位置,进而得到每个方向图对应的激励。仿真验证了该方法能够以阵元非均匀稀疏分布的阵列形式有效实现多个方向图的精确重构。     

A new steering approach for VSCMGs with high precision

A new variable speed control moment gyro (VSCMG) steering law is proposed in order to achieve higher torque precision. The dynamics of VSCMGs is established, and two work modes are then designed according to command torque:control momentum gyro (CMG)/reaction wheel (RW) hybrid mode for the large torque case and RW single mode for the small. When working in the CMG/RW hybrid mode, the steering law deals with the gimbal dead-zone nonlinearity through compensation by RW sub-mode. This is in contrast to the conventional CMG singularity avoidance and wheel speed equalization, as well as the proof of definitely hyperbolic singular property of the CMG sub-mode. When working in the RW single mode, the motion of gimbals will be locked. Both the transition from CMG/RW hybrid mode to RW single mode and the reverse are studied. During the transition, wheel speed equalization and singularity avoidance of both the CMG and RW sub-modes are considered. A steering law for the RWs with locked gimbals is presented. It is shown by simulations that the VSCMGs with this new steering law could reach a better torque precision than the normal CMGs in the case of both large and small torques.     

一种新型的低噪声硅微机械陀螺电容读出电路

陀螺系统的微机械敏感结构部分的性能提升受到成本、工艺的限制,有较高难度,故提升接口电路的各项性能成为提升整个系统性能的关键。因此,电容读出电路作为微机械陀螺系统中非常重要的组成部分,该电路性能的优劣直接决定着陀螺的测量精度。为实现硅微陀螺高精度检测,设计了一款低噪声的电容读出电路。在陀螺与读出电路之间设计斩波开关,基于斩波技术进行低噪声设计,采用相关双采样技术用来降低关键的第一级放大电路的低频闪烁噪声和开关噪声。采用了一种简化的陀螺测试模型,用于读出电路的独立测试。读出电路在0.18μm CMOS工艺下设计流片,测试结果表明,该电容读出电路输出噪声为-122.8dBV/Hz1/2,可实现0.06aF/Hz1/2的电容分辨率。     

铝合金壳体阳极化膜颜色异常分析

铝合金壳体在阳极化处理后表面阳极化膜存在颜色异常(发黑)现象。本文通过对壳体阳极化膜表面及基体形貌观察、金相分析和成分分析对发黑的原因进行了分析。结果表明壳体阳极化膜发黑的原因是由于该区域存在成分偏析(合金含量高),导致该区域的晶粒尺度比正常区域小、耐蚀性比正常区域差,膜层微观结构与正常区域存在差异,膜层内部化合物较多,致使该区域膜层呈现黑色。     

Design and analysis of a truss deployable antenna mechanism based on a 3UU-3URU unit

Space deployable structures with large calibers, high accuracy, and large folding ratios are indispensable equipment in the aerospace field. Given that the single-DOF 3RR-3RRR deployable unit cannot be fully folded, this study proposes a 3UU-3URU deployable unit with two kinds of DOF: folding movement and orientation adjustment. First, based on the G-K formula, the DOF of the 3UU-3URU unit is analyzed. Then, the 3UU-3URU unit is used to construct a deployable truss antenna with a curved surface, and the DOF of the whole deployable antenna containing multiple 3UU-3URU units is calculated. The structural design of a deployable antenna with two loops is carried out with specific parameters and geometric relations. Next, a DOF simulation of a basic combination unit composed of three 3UU-3URU units is performed. Finally, a prototype of the basic combination unit is manufactured, and the DOF of the mechanism is experimentally verified.     

涡轮叶片尾缘凹坑/凸起结构气膜冷却特性研究

为探究吸力面凹坑和凸起结构对涡轮叶片尾缘气膜冷却特性的影响,在吹风比M=1.1时(雷诺数Re=2.5×10~5),采用数值模拟方法,通过在叶片尾缘吸力面上加入凹坑或凸起,对涡轮叶片尾缘的冷却性能和流动机理进行了详细分析。结果表明:与原始结构相比,叶片尾缘凹坑和凸起结构提高了劈缝出口下游远距离端X/H6 (H为劈缝宽度,为4.8mm)区域气膜冷却效率,对下游的X/H6区域气膜冷却效率影响较小;三种叶片尾缘结构,沿着流向方向会产生由二维展向涡到发卡涡,再到流向涡的变化过程,凹坑和凸起结构通过抑制流体的扰动,改变流体流动情况,提高了劈缝出口下游远距离端气膜冷却效率。     

原子传感用垂直腔面发射激光器研究进展

垂直腔面发射激光器(Vertical-cavity Surface-emitting Laser,VCSEL)是半导体激光器家族中的最重要成员之一,因其具有单纵模、低功耗、光束易整形等一系列独特优势,是多种微型化原子传感器的理想光源。围绕原子传感这一应用需求,国内外多个科研机构和企业对Rb原子和Cs原子传感用VCSEL开展了不同层次的研究,主要对其中的代表性研究进展进行综述。     

大涵道比涡扇发动机风扇/ 增压级试验件结构 设计及验证

某大涵道比风扇/增压级试验件为1级风扇加3级增压级结构,为实现风扇/增压级部件特性录取,结构设计在满足气动设计要求的基础上,重点考虑了合理性和可靠性问题,采用理论结合工程经验的方法完成了转子支撑、静子连接和轴承润滑及密封等难点设计,兼顾大涵道比风扇/增压级结构及气动特点,采用宽弦风扇叶片设计、榫头/榫槽圆弧榫连及装配式风扇转子流路板结构。顺利完成试验件研制工作,经试验验证,压比、效率等性能参数达到或超过设计指标。