Performance of a small and low-cost chamber to simulate lunar surface environment

The performance of a small and low-cost metal chamber built to simulate the pressure and temperature conditions of lunar surface was assessed and the results are presented. This chamber is intended for studying the physical properties of lunar surface and subsurface (using soil simulants) and also to validate the technology readiness of certain newly developed payloads planned for future lunar surface missions (Lander/Rover). It is possible to reach down to ∼10⁻⁷ Pa under specific conditions and maintain the temperature of the sample under investigation to lunar day and night temperatures. The designed system has been subjected to various tests to evaluate its performance and suitability for carrying out experiments in a simulated lunar environment.     

新型电工钢片磁性能无损检测传感器及应用

介绍了一种新型电工钢片磁性能无损检测传感器及其测量原理 ,同时讨论了该传感器的设计原则并给出了典型数据及仿真测试结果     

天线雷达散射截面的分析与实验

本文利用天线散射的基本原理，以波导激励振子抛物面天线为例，计算并分析了天线的结构项散射雷达截面ＲＣＳｓ和模式项散射雷达截面ＲＣＳｅ，给出了此天线雷达截面的预估值。实验结果表明，理论预估值与实测值吻合较好，并且证明天线的模项ＲＣＳｅ大于结构项ＲＣＳｓ，天线总的雷达截面主要受天线模式散射的影响，减小模式项ＲＣＳｅ将有效地降低天线的雷达截面。本文结果为探索以克服天线模式散射为主的天线ＲＣＳ减缩技术提供了理论依据     

2. 5D 衍生结构SiO2 f / SiO2 复合材料的经向力学性能

以几种不同的2.5D衍生结构织物为增强体,制备了法向增强、经向增强及经法向增强2.5D Si O2f/Si O2复合材料,比较了上述材料与现有2.5D Si O2f/Si O2复合材料的经向力学性能,并研究了经法向增强2.5D结构复合材料中增强纱比例、纤维体积分数与材料性能之间的关系,对织物结构进行了优化。结果表明,经法向增强2.5D Si O2f/Si O2复合材料的经向力学性能较现有2.5D复合材料有显著提高,该材料在较低密度下(1.6 g/cm3),经向拉伸强度与现有材料(1.65 g/cm3)持平,且经向压缩强度接近现有材料的4.3倍。     

酚醛树脂炭的合成及力学性能研究

为了表征多孔炭泡沫材料基体的结构与力学性能,采用碱催化法制备热固性酚醛树脂,经固化、高温炭化处理合成多孔炭泡沫材料的基体——酚醛树脂炭。研究酚醛树脂炭的微观结构、压缩强度及压缩断裂韧性。结果表明:酚醛树脂炭结构以树脂炭基体、微孔和微裂纹为主,其碳元素以sp3杂化的非晶炭形式存在;压缩强度为8.58 MPa,压缩断裂特征为脆性断裂模式;酚醛树脂炭的压缩断裂韧性较差,断裂过程中吸收的总能量为0.135 MJ/m3。     

Assessment of between-floor structural and topological properties on cognitive map development in multilevel built environments

The present study investigated cognitive map development in multilevel built environments. Three experiments were conducted in complex virtual buildings to examine the effects of five between-floor structural factors that may impede the accuracy of humans’ ability to build multilevel cognitive maps. Results from Experiments 1 and 2 (of three experiments) revealed that difficulties in developing multilevel cognitive maps are not solely caused by the z-axis offset, as is suggested in the literature, but are due to the factorial combination of a between-floor overlap and a z-axis offset. Results from Experiment 2 showed that this process becomes substantially more difficult when the reference directions between different floors have an angular offset from each other. Finally, results from Experiment 3 demonstrated that confusing between-floor heading shifts in aligned buildings did not make it reliably harder to build multilevel cognitive maps. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of theories of mental representations in multilayered three-dimensional spaces, as well as for architectural design.     

温度参数下轴编C/C复合材料的超高温热结构性能分析

为了研究轴编碳/碳（C/C）复合材料的超高温热结构性能,开展了2800℃超高温载荷下复合材料的拉伸实验,表征了复合材料组分材料的高温失效形貌;提出了立方体单胞和正六棱柱单胞的温度周期性边界条件的算法和预测复合材料等效热结构参数的方法,在材料属性各向同性正六棱柱单胞模型上验证了方法的正确性;最后建立了轴编C/C复合材料的代表性体积单元,计算了复合材料随温度载荷变化下的等效热结构参数,与实验数据进行了对比分析。分析表明：开展的轴编C/C复合材料的超高温拉伸实验,可以得到复合材料在2800℃载荷下复合材料的等效刚度值,同时分析了轴向试件和径向试件的高温失效机理,径向试件的纤维束拉伸强度对复合材料的径向拉伸强度起到决定性的作用。在应用位移以及温度周期性边界条件的基础上,提出的方法可以得到随温度载荷变化下复合材料的等效热结构参数,得出复合材料在横向满足近似各向同性的特性,预测结果表明只改变温度参数下复合材料的等效热导率不会发生改变。提出的方法同样也适用于其他编织复合材料的热结构性能研究。     

三维五向编织复合材料的冲击压缩特性及破坏机制

利用分离式霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar,SHPB)实验系统和高速摄像技术对三维五向碳/环氧编织复合材料的动态压缩特性进行研究。通过对编织角为22.3°的试样分别进行沿纵向和横向方向的冲击压缩实验,得到材料在200~1200 s^-1应变率范围内的应力应变曲线,并结合高速摄像记录的动态压缩过程,对不同应变率下材料在高速变形下的渐进破坏规律进行分析。同时,综合试样的宏观破坏特征和微观断口形貌特征,进一步分析材料的破坏模式及破坏机理。结果表明:随着应变率的增加,材料在纵向和横向均具有一定的应变率强化效应,在横向方向的应变率强化效应更为显著;不同加载方向下材料的渐进破坏过程、应力应变曲线特征以及破坏方式均具有明显差异,且随着应变率的增加而发生改变。     

F12/环氧复合材料力学性能研究

测定了Ｆ１２／环氧复合材料的基本力学性能,并比较了Ｆ１２纤维在单向板、强力环及薄壁容器中的纤维强度转化率。实验结果表明,Ｆ１２／环氧单向复合材料与其ＮＯＬ环的拉伸强度相近,而薄壁容器中的复合强度约为单向拉伸强度的６０％,但三种复合材料的纤维强度转化率相近,约为（７０．１±１．６）％。     

关于低RCS目标外形优化中目标函数的确定

在分析了低RCS目标外形优化中现有的两种目标函数的局限性的基础上,根据雷达检测概率与目标RCS分布之间的关系,提出了一种新的目标函数,即目标在威胁区域内其RCS大于规定的临界RCS的概率。算例表明本文所提出的目标函数比现有的目标函数更为有效,适用范围更广。为低RCS目标外形优化设计以及气动与隐身一体化设计提供了一个合理而有效的目标函数。