基于小波和独立成分分析的去噪自适应算法

为了寻求一种能将不同类型和数量的噪声从图像中去除的方法,提出了一种能从图像源中将噪声与信号分离的改进的小波ICA滤波器。该方法首先使用小波降维,用Morlet小波来解决非正交问题;通过ICA规范化降维后的信号,从而发现独立噪声特征;再通过相关性将图像和噪声分离;最后,对图像进行还原,得到去噪后的图像。通过实验与主成分分析(PCA)方法、FastICA方法进行了对比,验证了该方法的有效性。结果显示,本研究提出的方法降噪效果较PCA方法和FastICA方法有大幅提高。同时,复杂度略有上升。     

45CrMoV钢奥氏体化空冷的显微组织分析

利用透射电镜和选区电子衍射研究了45CrMoV钢奥氏体化后空冷及其在不同温度回火的显微组织。结果表明,该钢奥氏体化后空冷得到以下贝氏体为主的混合组织。下贝氏体内的碳化物为ε碳化物和合金渗碳体M_3C,M_3C与基本的晶体取向关系符合Bagaryatskii关系。回火过程中钢的硬度下降和升高分别与ε碳化物的溶解和富钒碳化物M_4C_3的弥散析出有关。     

Comptonization of low-frequency radiation in accretion disks: Angular distribution and polarization of hard X-ray radiation

We present the results of computation for angular distribution and polarization of radiation for the set of the disk Thomson optical depth values.     

Transfer element method with application to acoustic design of aeroengine nacelle

In the present survey, various methods for the acoustic design of aeroengine nacelle are first briefly introduced along with the comments on their advantages and disadvantages for practical application, and then detailed analysis and discussion focus on a kind of new method which is called ‘‘transfer element method'(TEM) with emphasis on its application in the following three problems: turbomachinery noise generations, sound transmission in ducts and radiation from the inlet and outlet of ducts, as well as the interaction between them. In the theoretical frame of the TEM, the solution of acoustic field in an infinite duct with stator sound source or liner is extended to that in a finite domain with all knows and unknowns on the interface plane, and the relevant acoustic field is solved by setting up matching equation. In addition, based on combining the TEM with the boundary element method(BEM) by establishing the pressure and its derivative continuum conditions on the inlet and outlet surface, the sound radiation from the inlet and outlet of ducts can also be investigated. Finally, the effects of various interactions between the sound source and acoustic treatment have been discussed in this survey. The numerical examples indicate that it is quite important to consider the effect of such interactions on sound attenuation during the acoustic design of aeroengine nacelle.     

波浪前缘静子叶片对高速轴流风扇单音噪声的影响

航空发动机压气机噪声与大型风洞压缩机噪声问题日益凸显,相关研究机构迫切需求新的降噪手段以指导大型叶轮机械降噪设计。为了探索波浪前缘静子叶片在大型叶轮机械降噪中的应用前景,采用非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stoke（URANS）方程与FW-H方程混合方法对基准静子叶片和3种波浪前缘静子叶片的降噪效果进行了数值模拟,研究对象静子来流平均马赫数约为0.49,基于静子叶片弦长的雷诺数约为1 040 000。数值预测结果显示：波浪前缘静子叶片可以显著降低高速轴流风扇单音噪声,但会对风扇的气动性能产生少许不利影响;相较于基准静子叶片,3种波浪前缘静子叶片可以在1BPF时降低风扇入口声功率级0.97~1.5 dB,2BPF时降低风扇入口声功率级2.89~4.9 dB,3BPF时降低风扇入口声功率级3.32~4.72 dB;同时,总压比降低0.1%~0.8%,等熵效率降低0.1%~0.3%。进一步研究表明：不同频率下声源振幅和相位关系是风扇单音噪声强度的主要影响因素,总的来说,幅值的增加会降低声源强度,然而通过改变声源相位关系的降噪方式则需要兼顾径向模态与波长两个方面。     

Whole-process modeling of titanium disc forming for gradient distributions of temperature and deformation

Gradient distributions of temperature and deformation (GDTD) are crucial for achieving dual-performance discs of titanium alloys which is required by the service environment of aeroengine. However, heating, cooling and deforming sequence in the whole process of the titanium disc forming, which leads to difficulties for achieving GDTD due to a lot of parameters. To solve this problem, a whole-process model of the titanium disc forming for GDTD has been established. In the model, heating and cooling via heat radiation, conduction and convection, and deforming by local loading with mold chilling are all considered. Experiments on heating and cooling as well as deforming were carried out by using a furnace and the Gleeble-3500 machine. The experimental data are used to determine thermal parameters and constitutive relations of the IMI834 titanium alloy, and then to verify the reliability of the model. Then the model was used to simulate the evolution rules of temperature and deformation of the titanium disc. The results show that the heating surface, furnace temperature, billet profile and loading rate play the core role for the control of GDTD, and thus a set of parameters were determined. Therefore, this work provides a base for developing a new forming technology of the dual-performance titanium discs with the approach of local heating and local loading.     

改进的单级风扇单音噪声解析预测模型

针对单级轴流风扇单音噪声的声模态与声功率(PWL)预测,基于早期的二维叶栅噪声解析预测模型,开发了改进的三维单级风扇噪声解析预测模型。主要目的是可以通过该预测方法快速、准确地给出声场信息以优化风扇设计方案。该模型由模拟转子粘性尾迹,求解静子表面非定常载荷以及模拟管道噪声传播三个部分组成,并采用单级轴流风扇噪声试验数据对该解析预测模型的结果进行了验证。与试验数据相比较,该解析预测模型1BPF单音噪声预测结果误差1.5dB,2BPF单音噪声预测结果误差5dB,同时给出了合理的周向与径向模态声场模拟结果。与传统的叶轮机噪声解析预测模型相比,该方法不仅考虑了三维几何,还可以模拟出管道内的声场结构,计算方法更为合理,噪声预测结果也更为可靠,具有很好的工程应用价值。     

A Novel Magnetic Configuration for Space Radiation Active Shielding

Space radiation has been identified as the main health hazard to crews involved in manned Mars missions. Active shielding is more effective than passive shielding to the very energetic particles from cosmic rays. Particle motion in a magnetic field is studied based on the single-particle theory and Monte Carlo method. By comparing the shielding efficiency of different magnetic field configurations, a novel active magnetic shielding configuration with lower mass cost and power consumption is proposed for manned Mars missions. The new magnetic configuration can shield 92.8% of protons and 84.4% of alpha particles with E < 4 GeV·n-1, when considering the passive shielding contribution of 10.0 g·cm-2 Al Shielding, the required magnetic stiffness can be reduced from 27 Tm to 16 Tm. The detailed analysis of mass cost and power consumption shows that active shielding will be a promising means to protect crews from space radiation exposure in manned Mars missions.      

空间粒子辐射对卫星中集成芯片的影响

本文分析了在“风云一号(B)”气象卫星环境中各种粒子辐射在集成芯片临界体积中产生的能量沉积, 即LET(线性能量传输);得到了银河宇宙线1≤Z≤28、银河宇宙线异常成分(C、N、O、Ne、Ar、Fe)、内辐射带质子等产生的LET, 计算了其分别产生的单粒于事件(SEU)翻转率。      

消失球方法及其对旋翼厚度噪声的分析研究

对旋翼厚度噪声及其数值模拟方法进行了讨论,着重解决了以下两个问题：（1）通过理论和数值分析,讨论了使用消失球公式计算旋翼旋转噪声时计算结果的有效性;（2）通过计算机模拟,深入分析了旋翼厚度噪声的特征。