改进的极化SAR图像三分量分解方法

针对原始三分量分解方法中,偶次散射和表面散射类地物的体散射分量可能会过估计的问题,提出了一种基于H/α珔参数和一般散射机理模型的改进的三分量分解方法。首先在进行极化分解之前利用H/α珔参数判定目标的主导散射类型。对于主导散射类型明确的像素点,利用一般散射机理模型优先计算主导散射成分的相关扩展系数,然后再从剩余成分中提取非主导散射分量。对于主导散射类型不明确的像素点,采用传统的去取向三分量分解方法进行分解。对实测极化SAR图像进行实验表明,新方法不仅继承了传统三分量分解方法的优点,而且能在分解结果中更加有效地突出雷达目标的主导散射特征。     

Studies on the imaging characteristics of Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope: Optical aberration and scattering

In order to better understand the characteristics of Yohkoh Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) mirror, we have analyzed the in-flight overexposed image (the starburst image) obtained during the solar flare observation. It has been revealed from our study that the intensity distribution inside the shadows shown in the scattering difference image contains little of the scattered component of the PSF and matches almost correctly the extension of the PSF core profile. Also it is found that the scattering wing of the SXT PSF is connected smoothly to the PSF core within the distance of about 100–200 arcsec from the peak. With numerical simulations we have shown that an increase in energy affects not only the level of scattering wing, but also both the shape and the absolute level of the PSF core. The results have revealed, however, that the energy dependence for the SXT PSF cannot be easily estimated with the data obtained from one filter alone, which implies that the data analysis using multiple filters will enable us to determine the absolute amount of scattered component as well as the energy dependence of the SXT PSF. Details on the analysis of starburst image and the results from numerical simulations will be introduced and discussed thoroughly.     

应用粒子激光散射测量混合反应器分散相浓度场分布

研究了圆管反应器中四束侧向对撞射流与轴向流形成的混合流动.应用激光粒子散射成像测量了侧向分散相在混合流中的浓度场分布,得到了不同的浓度分布图形随侧向流与轴向流速比关系,揭示了内在有规律的独特的浓度分布结构.     

Forest biomass monitoring with GNSS-R: Theoretical simulations

GNSS-Reflectometry (GNSS-R) is a remote sensing technique which performs bistatic measurements of the earth surface scattering. This paper presents some theoretical simulations of the specular scattering coefficient of a forested area, with the aim of demonstrating the potentiality of GNSS-R in monitoring forest biomass. The study is performed by means of an electromagnetic model developed in the past years and tested over several vegetation covered sites in its active and passive version. Here, after showing a comparison between model results and measurements over a forest site in the monostatic configuration, and after summarizing other previous validations, the extension to the specular configuration, typical of GNSS-R systems, will be presented. Namely, simulations are carried out at circular polarization and a sensitivity analysis of the received power in the specular configuration to some soil and forest parameters is shown.     

High-precision RCS measurement of aircraft’s weak scattering source

The radar cross section(RCS) of weak scattering source on the surface of an aircraft is usually less than 40 d Bsm.How to accurately measure the RCS characteristics of weak scattering source is a technical challenge for the aircraft's RCS measurement.This paper proposes separating and extracting the two-dimensional(2D) reflectivity distribution of the weak scattering source with the microwave imaging algorithm and spectral transform so as to enhance its measurement precision.Firstly,we performed the 2D microwave imaging of the target and then used the 2D gating function to separate and extract the reflectivity distribution of the weak scattering source.Secondly,we carried out the spectral transform of the reflectivity distribution and eventually obtained the RCS of the weak scattering source through calibration.The prototype experimental results and their analysis show that the measurement method is effective.The experiments on an aircraft's low-scattering conformal antenna verify that the measurement method can eliminate the clutter on the surface of aircraft.The precision of measuring a 40 d Bsm target is 3–5 d B better than the existing RCS measurement methods.The measurement method can more accurately obtain the weak scattering source's RCS characteristics.     

用契合方法求平面SH波对半圆形突起地形的散射

采用“契合”的方法，给出了一个求解平面SH波对半圆形凸起地形散射的新方法。利用包括半圆形凸起上边界在内的一个圆域中预先构造的满足其上半部应力为零，下半部应力任意的级数解和其余的具体半圆形凹陷的半空间中的解答，通过在其结合面上完成“契合”的过程中分别决定出出圆域和半空间中的解答，给出了问题的最终结果。利用上述方法，问题的求解仍归结为对一组无穷代数方程组的求解。最后，给出了数值结果并对其进行了讨论。     

双翼金属圆柱体散射场的整体计算

本文利用keller的几何绕射理论（GTD）推求出双翼金属圆柱体散射场高频快收敛整体解，弥补了传统分离解（把系统分解为一个金属圆柱和两个金属半平面，分别求解再简单迭加）的不足之处，最后，给出了整体解和分离解的散射电场的模值数值计算结果。     

近地空间航天员训练视景真实感渲染技术研究

载人航天任务中,地面模拟训练是培养提升航天员操作技能的重要手段。视景系统是航天飞行训练模拟的重要组成部分,高逼真度的仿真场景对提升航天员训练效果有重要的意义。针对空间视景仿真场景调度和渲染的特殊性,提出并设计实现视景仿真软件的总体架构。对影响空间场景真实感的地球纹理数据库的生成和调度技术、大气散射仿真技术、场景光照实时渲染等关键技术进行研究,融合各种方法,在视景仿真系统中基于GPU实现。试验验证表明,实现算法准确,模型设计合理,已经应用于航天员的训练中。     

混合场积分方程在开放结构散射分析中的应用

针对复合开放闭合结构电磁散射问题的矩量法求解,通过修改混合场积分方程的建立方式,将混合场积分方程扩展应用到这类开放结构,大大提高了求解效率,数值算例证明了该方法的精度和效率。