火星卫星的冻结轨道研究

冻结轨道是一种稳定的轨道,地球、火星、月球的卫星因引力场的南北不对称,都存在冻结轨道.由于主星体引力场的不同,它们卫星的冻结轨道也有不同的特性.地球卫星的冻结执道的偏心率非常小,对卫星遥感非常有利,国内外已有相当多的近地遥感卫星采用这种轨道.月球卫星的冻结轨道偏心率随轨道倾角的不同有很大的变化,对月球卫星冻结轨道的研究...     

星上RS422接口电路的建模与仿真

基于最坏情况分析法结合叠加定理对星上RS422串行总线通信技术接口电路建立了等效电路模型,并结合节点电压法计算出了最坏情况下接收器输入端差分信号的电位,运用Matlab 7.0.1软件绘制出了该信号与偏置电阻之间的关系曲线,确定了偏王电阻阻值的选取范围,结合试验和工程实践给出了偏置电阻的最佳取值,保证了通信的可靠性.     

基于预警卫星观测的弹道导弹运动状态估计算法

针对预警卫星仅有角度测量信息，目标运动可观测性很弱，而导致最大似然弹道估计条件病态严重的问题，提出基于提供目标状态估计和联合误差协方差的Levenbebg-Marquardt算法的修正最大似然估计（MML）算法。利用预警卫星初始观测时刻的目标高度和速度等部分先验信息作为伪测量量，推导出导弹运动状态参数估计的修正最大似然算法。最后，对算法进行了Monte—Carlo仿真研究，仿真结果表明估计误差同理论误差边界相当，验证了估计算法的一致性和有效性．     

原子氧和石墨在近地轨道环境中反应概率的数值估算

本文提出估算近地轨道环境中原子氧对高度规则材料的反应概率的分子动力学模型。该模型通过对所导出的随机微分方程组的数值求解估算出原子氧与材料表面相互作用的经典轨迹系统，并根据所提出的反应性与非反应性碰撞准则估算出相互作用的反应概率。作为算例，本文给出了原子戌石墨材料表面的反应概率数值计算并与航天飞机ＳＴＳ－４６所测出的实际反应概率进行了对比，表明所建立的模型在一定程度上中可靠的。     

THE APPLICATION OF SATELLITE POSITIONING TECHNOLOGY AND ITS INDUSTRIALIZATION IN CHINA

Satellite positioning technology has been widely used in all kinds of military and civil land, marine, space and aeronautical target positioning tasks, naviga tion activities and accurate surveying measurements since 90 s in the last cen tury due to its advantage in providing all-weather, real-time, three dimensional and high precision positioning information, as well as speed and accurate timing information. By now, it has already formed a new hi-tech industry basically.This paper briefly reviews the development of the global satellite positioning and navigation technologies including the basic information of China's "Plough navigation system", introduces the history of satellite positioning technology and its major application fields as well as the status quo of this being industri alized trade in China, gives an account of the writers' vision for the application and prospect of the satellite positioning technologies in China, and approaches the tactics and stresses of the satellite positioning technology's application and its industrialization future in China.     

Needs and Tools for Future Gravity Measuring Missions

This paper compares the requirements that can be expected of gravity measuring missions with respect to the status of the instrumentation and satellite technologies. The error sources of gravity gradiometry and satellite-to-satellite tracking are analysed and the elements limiting the accuracy are identified. Proposed and approved future missions that will fly technologies of interest for gravity sensing are recalled. Areas of technical development of interest are reviewed. The article finishes with two possible conceptual missions presented as examples and with a chapter of conclusions. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Ocean Tides in GRACE Monthly Averaged Gravity Fields

The GRACE mission will map the Earth's gravity fields and its variations with unprecedented accuracy during its 5-year lifetime. Unless ocean tide signals and their load upon the solid earth are removed from the GRACE data, their long period aliases obscure more subtle climate signals which GRACE aims at. In this analysis the results of Knudsen and Andersen (2002) have been verified using actual post-launch orbit parameter of the GRACE mission. The current ocean tide models are not accurate enough to correct GRACE data at harmonic degrees lower than 47. The accumulated tidal errors may affect the GRACE data up to harmonic degree 60. A study of the revised alias frequencies confirm that the ocean tide errors will not cancel in the GRACE monthly averaged temporal gravity fields. The S₂ and the K₂ terms have alias frequencies much longer than 30 days, so they remain almost unreduced in the monthly averages. Those results have been verified using a simulated 30 days GRACE orbit. The results show that the magnitudes of the monthly averaged values are slightly higher than the previous values. This may be caused by insufficient sampling to fully resolve and reduce the tidal signals at short wavelengths and close to the poles. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

基于高分四号数据的多时相多通道云检测算法

针对高分四号（GF-4）卫星影像波段较少导致传统云检测算法难以区分云与冰雪像元的问题,提出一种多时相多通道云检测算法。该算法首先对GF-4卫星影像进行辐射定标和配准,然后利用云与典型地表的光谱差异得到潜在云像元,之后利用序列GF-4卫星影像之间的差异识别出移动的云像元,最后利用中红外波段反演地表亮度温度来去除冰雪像元。该算法在海南、辽宁和安徽3个研究区域进行验证,并将检测结果与传统单时相云检测算法、支持向量机（SVM）云检测算法和实时差分（RTD）云检测算法的检测结果进行对比。结果表明,该算法优于其他3种云检测算法,准确识别率均达到90%以上,误检率均低于5%,有利于GF-4卫星影像的进一步利用。     

基于DTW的HJ-1B卫星地表温度产品质量检验

HJ-1B卫星热红外数据应用广泛,但其地表温度反演产品的质量检验工作尚不完善。以黑河流域为研究区,利用普适性单通道算法得到HJ 1B地表温度,基于7个地面站点（下垫面为荒漠、沙漠、植被、农作物、雪地和湿地）同步观测资料和MODIS地表温度产品（MOD11A1）,引入动态时间规整方法（DTW）对站点处HJ 1B地表温度进行验证。试验结果表明：HJ 1B地表温度反演产品与地面观测值的偏差值在沙漠和荒漠站点为1K以内,均方根误差在05K左右;对于植被和农作物站点的偏差在2K以内,均方根误差为1~2K;基于DTW的验证对时序不匹配的数据评价结果与现有指标表现一致。HJ-1B地表温度反演产品与地面站点的相对偏差均低于其与MODIS地表温度反演产品的相对偏差。     

基于多项式近似的空间碎片群体轨道预报算法

快速准确地分析空间碎片群轨道演化行为对于其他在轨航天器碰撞规避至关重要。在各摄动力的作用下,空间碎片群演化运动呈现出复杂的非线性特征。空间碎片群体个体数量巨大,如果通过对空间碎片群中每个空间碎片进行轨道积分来分析群体预报的方法会导致计算量过大。针对该问题,提出一种基于多项式近似的轨道快速预报分析方法。该方法将空间碎片群分为少量的标称碎片和其他大量关联碎片。针对标称碎片的轨道预报采用数值积分求解保证预报精度;而针对其他大量的关联碎片轨道预报问题,采用多项式泰勒展开半解析方法求解,从而在保证预报精度的前提下有效减少空间碎片群轨道预报的计算量。为了验证方法的有效性,对不同空间碎片群进行了轨道预报仿真。仿真结果表明,当轨道预报精度设定在1m范围内时,多项式近似算法的计算量较蒙特卡洛方法计算效率提高了2.2~17.2倍,验证了所提出方法的有效性。