基于方位向多通道星载ScanSAR的MCECS算法

针对如何实现星载合成孔径雷达(SAR,Synthetic Aperture Radar)超宽测绘带的问题,对多通道星载SAR扫描模式开展研究.在分析该模式特点的基础上提出了实现超宽测绘带的方法,并推导了多通道扫描模式成像处理算法(MCECS,Multiple Channels Extended Chirp Scaling).该算法利用内定标数据校正通道间的幅相不一致性,通过滤波方法完成了方位向非均匀采样信号的重构.在采用修正的天线长度进行"扇贝效应"校正以及精确聚焦处理后,通过求解四次方程的方法对图像进行快速地理编码,并完成图像的拼接.最后利用计算机仿真验证了算法的有效性.      

月地转移轨道快速设计与特性分析

对采用直接大气再入方式的月地转移轨道,考虑大气再入界面参数和地面落点位置约束,提出了一种基于双二体模型的快速设计方法。该方法分为内外两层迭代循环,内层循环使月心段轨道和地心段轨道在月球影响球边界处连续,并采用Lambert问题与Newton-Raphson法相集合的方法求解满足再入角约束的地心段轨道参数;外层循环通过调整地心段轨道倾角和轨道置入时间使月地转移轨道满足地面落点位置约束。分析表明,存在四种类型的月地转移轨道满足大气再入界面约束,分别为降 降型、降 升型、升 降型和升 升型。在此基础上,对四种类型月地转移轨道的近地点地心距、置入分布点、再入点分布等特性进行了分析。仿真结果验证了所提出方法的有效性。     

数字化导管加工与常规导管加工对比浅析

通过数字化导管加工与常规导管加工在协调方法、工艺过程、检测方法等方面对比分析,得出数字化导管制造可以缩短制造周期、降低生产成本的结论,能够适应现代飞机快速研制及改型需求,形成现代飞机导管制造核心竞争力。     

基于优化SPOT和D-S证据理论的测试性验证方案

针对现有基于序贯验后加权检验的测试性验证方案对测试性设计指标之间的模糊参数空间考虑不足,以及未能充分运用测试性多源先验信息的问题,提出一种优化序贯验后加权检验和D-S证据理论相结合的测试性验证方案。首先,考虑测试性设计指标之间的模糊参数空间,构建三参数空间复杂假设,并基于Bayes理论研究序贯决策规则,同时确定决策因子以及决策阈值;其次,以测试性指标构成的参数空间为辨识框架,分别构造基于专家信息以及测试性试验数据等先验信息的基本信任分配函数,建立融合多源先验信息的优化序贯验证方案;最后,结合实例进行研究,并与经典验证方案、传统Bayes验证方案、序贯概率比检验方案以及序贯验后加权检验方案进行了对比分析。结果表明,该方案由于考虑了模糊参数空间以及充分融合了多源先验信息,有效解决了模糊参数空间的处理问题,同时所确定的平均故障样本量在决策支持的参数空间均优于其他方法。     

基于海杂波稀疏性与非均匀度的样本挑选方法

针对预警雷达对海监视面临海杂波分布非均匀与杂波样本受目标污染,导致自适应杂波抑制处理性能恶化和目标能量损失的问题,提出了一种基于海杂波稀疏性与非均匀度的样本挑选方法。该方法将目标的导向约束与广义内积样本挑选方法结合,先利用海杂波在空时二维平面上的稀疏分布特性,根据海杂波与目标空时二维分布差异剔除被目标污染的样本,再利用广义内积准则衡量海杂波分布的非均匀程度,并获取均匀样本,以提高杂波协方差矩阵的估计精度。仿真结果表明:所提方法能在提高杂波抑制性能的同时,减小目标信号能量损失。该方法可广泛应用于海面预警监视雷达系统。     

Impact of reduced frequency on the time lag in pressure distribution over a supercritical airfoil in a pitch-pause-return motion

Effects of reduced frequency, stop angle, and pause duration have been studied on a thin supercritical airfoil undergoing a pitch-pause-return motion, which is one of the classic maneuvers introduced by the AIAA Fluid Dynamics Technical Committee. Experiments were conducted in a low-speed wind tunnel at both a constant mean angle of attack and an oscillation amplitude with a reduced frequency ranging from 0.01 to 0.12. The desired stop angles of the airfoil were set to occur during the upstroke motion. The unsteady pressure distribution on the airfoil was measured for below, near, and beyond static stall conditions. Results showed that the reduced frequency and stop angle were the dominant contributors to the time lag in the flowfield. For stop angles in both below- and post-stall regions, the time for the flowfield to reach its steady state conditions, known as the time lag, decreased as the reduced frequency was increased. However, in the static-stall region and for a certain value of reduced frequency, a resonance phenomenon was observed, and a minimum time lag was achieved. The pressure distribution in this condition was shown to be highly influenced by this phenomenon.     

气动引力辅助的火星自由返回轨道设计方法

为更准确地描述大气飞行过程，提出一种三段式大气飞行模型，将大气飞行段分为下降段、平飞段和上升段，使用大气飞行角和航迹角描述飞行过程，并建立了相应的计算模型。对“地球-火星-地球”、“地球-火星-金星-地球”和“地球-金星-火星-地球”自由返回轨道序列的优化结果表明，三段式模型可以准确描述气动引力辅助过程，同时气动引力辅助技术可以有效提升自由返回轨道性能，如减少转移时间，降低燃料消耗等。     

基于Galerkin法的柔性绳系辅助返回系统的展开动力学建模与分析

以大型空间绳系辅助返回系统为背景,利用微元法和拉格朗日方程建立有分布质量的柔性绳系辅助返回系统的展开动力学模型.针对模型复杂的非线性和强耦合问题,采用Galerkin法进行离散化处理以求解;引入经典的珠子模型,以验证Galerkin法解的准确性;最后通过数学仿真来验证和分析Galerkin法解的正确性和收敛性,并对绳系...     

确定性仿真结果检验与状态分析方法

为判断多状态的仿真结果正确与否,建立了变异系数相等情况下的确定性仿真结果检验方法.同时,在变异系数相等或方差相等的情况下,分别建立了一种确定性仿真结果状态分析方法,可对仿真结果的各个状态逐一进行分析,以确定哪些状态已被正确仿真,哪些状态尚未被正确模拟,从而指导仿真软件的编制.     

Issues in planetary protection: policy, protocol and implementation

Planetary protection is NASA's term for the practice of protecting solar system bodies from Earth life while protecting Earth from life that may be brought back from other solar system bodies. Spacefaring nations will soon begin retrieving samples from Mars and other solar system bodies. For these samples, planetary protection is in order, and measures are already in place to prevent the forward contamination of Mars and other bodies by Earth microbes and the backward contamination of Earth by possible extraterrestrial life. A major goal of planetary protection controls on forward contamination is to preserve the planetary record of natural processes by preventing human-caused microbial introductions.