地磁定位方法综述

地磁导航具有可用区域广泛、无累积误差、无源和隐蔽性强等优势,是未来定位导航与授时（PNT）体系中潜在的重要导航定位手段之一。地磁导航技术包括磁场信息的测量、地磁基准图的建立和地磁定位方法的设计3个重要内容。本文主要围绕地磁定位方法,调研总结了当前主流的地磁滤波、地磁匹配和磁场同时定位与构图(SLAM)三类方法的原理及技术发展路线,重点分析了不同方法的优缺点、适用场景、时效性、对磁图和传感器的需求,并对地磁定位方法的发展方向进行了展望。     

Latitude and solar-cycle dependence of radial IMF intensity

I describe a simple procedure for extrapolating the observed solar magnetic field into the heliosphere, which averages the asymptotic fields computed using the standard source surface and current sheet models. The resultant field is characterized by strong latitudinal gradients (maintained by volume currents outside the source surface) and by abrupt reversals in direction at the current sheets. The model yields good agreement with the observed long-term variation of the radial IMF component in the ecliptic, and is used to predict the variation of |B _r | along the latitudinal trajectory of Ulysses during 1990–1994. As found in earlier studies, the magnitude ofB _r at any latitude is determined largely by the strength and relative orientation of the Sun's dipole moment.     

高精度测量燃气轮机叶片前缘的三维轮廓

为了解决高精度测量燃气轮机叶片前缘三维轮廓的难题,提出了一种基于球阵列标定检验方法,直接对金属表面的叶片前缘三维轮廓进行高精度测量的相位轮廓测量系统.通过多角度数据融合算法和非线性最小二乘的递归算法,最后高精度测量出叶片前缘三维轮廓,对叶片前缘16个剖面进行拟合,得出了叶片前缘半径和前缘圆心.结果显示:叶片前缘测量系统、方法和算法的综合误差为±0.03mm.此实验装置和方法测量效率高、精度高,将叶片测量和模型化技术推进了一步.      

Plastic wrinkling model and characteristics of shear enforced Ti-alloy thin-walled tubes under combination die constraints and differential temperature fields

Plastic wrinkling predictions and shear enforced wrinkling characteristics of Ti-alloy thin-walled tubes under combination die constraints have become key problems urgently in need of solutions in order to improve forming quality in their shear bending processes under differential temperature fields. To address this, a wrinkling wave function was developed by considering their shear bend deformation characteristics. Based on this wave function and the thin shell theory, an energy prediction model for this type of wrinkling was established. This model enables considera-tion of the effects of shear deformation zone ranges, material parameters, loading modes, and fric-tion coefficients between tube and dies on the minimum wrinkling energy. Tube wrinkling sensitive zones (WSZs) can be revealed by combining this wrinkling prediction model with a thermal-mechanical coupled finite element model for simulating these bending processes. The reliability of this wrinkling prediction model was verified, and an investigation into the tube wrinkling char-acteristics was carried out based on the experimental conditions. This found that the WSZs are located on either a single side or both sides of the maximum shear stress zone. When the friction coefficients between the tube and the various dies coincide, the WSZs are located on both sides. The larger the value of the tube inner corner radius and/or the smaller the value of the outer corner radius, the smaller the wrinkling probability. With an increase in the value of the moving die dis-placement, the wrinkling probability increases at first, and then decreases.     

信鸽归巢导航的多信息融合

信鸽远距离导航能力一直以来都是生物导航领域研究的热点问题,其奥秘的逐步展露和揭示对仿生导航乃至仿生学的发展都有着十分重要的启发意义.论文归纳了基于环境的信鸽导航理论、基于信鸽感测能力的导航理论以及基于信鸽生理特征的导航理论的研究情况,介绍了近些年信鸽导航研究领域的新进展,展望了未来可能取得的突破方向.     

X波段波导端头裂缝的数值分析

用矩量法(MOM)导出求解X波段波导端头裂缝口面等效磁流的公式。在此基础上,计算波导不同频率下的反射系数和驻波系数等参数。给出了BJ-100波导端头裂缝口参数的计算结果,据此讨论了裂缝长度、宽度、厚度与谐振频率的关系。另外检验了圆头与方头裂缝的等效性,并给出了波导端头裂缝谐振频率的近似设计公式。分析结果表明,该算法简单,计算结果与测试值吻合较好。     

二维实验固体燃料冲压发动机冷流数值分析

本文在冷流情况下，对已初步完成设计的二维实验ＳＦＲＪ建立了数学模型并进行了数值解，得出了一些有用的结构，对ＳＦＲＪ的精确设计和实验数据提供了有用的理论研究基础。     

固体火箭发动机前封头人工脱粘层烧蚀研究

从理论分析的角度出发．通过对人工脱粘层和绝热层所构成的槽缝燃气温度场与烧蚀的耦合计算，得出了人工脱粘层的烧蚀规律。在计算中，采用了隐式差分格式及控制容积法等计算技术，并采用了先进的烧蚀模型。为模拟发动机静止与飞行两种不同状态，本文对不同宽度的槽缝人工脱粘层的烧蚀进行了计算，对其进行了比较。本文所采用的方法可供今后人工脱粘层的设计参考。     

粒子尺寸分级的喷管两相流场计算

应用计算流体力学软件FLUENT，对固体火箭发动机喷管内的二维两相粘性湍流进行数值模拟。用拉格朗日方法对粒子的速度、温度、轨迹进行处理。5组级别粒子尺寸的气流被用来实验和计算，计算结果表明，粒子尺寸分布对两相流场有显著影响。     

基于纹理特征多分辨双Markov-GAR模型的SAR图像分割

为了提高SAR图像分割精度,提出在以灰度共生矩阵产生的纹理统计量为特征所生成的图像上,同时考虑SAR图像像素间空间分布特征和局部灰度均值和方差等统计量给出多分辨双Markov框架下的GAR模型,采用多分辨MPM的参数估计方法及对应的无监督分割算法,对SAR图像进行纹理分割。实验结果表明该方法用于一些高分辨SAR图像,与基于灰度图像上的多分辨双Markov-GAR模型纹理分割相比,在分割精度上能降低分割时的错分率。