The relationship between TEC and Earth’s magnetic field during quiet and disturbed days over Istanbul,Turkey

In this study, the impact of Earth’s magnetic field on total electron content (TEC) was studied by using statistical multiple linear regression model and co-integration method. TEC values were measured over the Turkey-Istanbul (ista) station using date of global positioning system (GPS), and the magnetic field components of the Earth were measured from Boğaziçi University, Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Geomagnetic observatory Istanbul (ISK) station. This examination has been carried out during the dates of March 14–19, 2015 covering the dates of March 17–18, 2015 known in the literature as St. Patrick's Day geomagnetic storm. The three days before the storm (March 14–16) were named as quiet days, whereas the other days (March 17–19) were named as disturbed days after which the two periods were examined separately. It was observed as a result of the examination that the x-component (south-north direction) of the magnetic field had a negative impact on TEC on quiet days, whereas the impact was positive on disturbed days. However, the y-component (east–west direction) of the magnetic field had an inverse relationship of the x-component on the quiet and disturbed days. In addition, it was deduced that the impact coefficient of the x and y-component of the magnetic field was higher on disturbed days in comparison with those on quiet days. The correlation coefficient between the TEC and the components of the Earth’s magnetic field was 0.11 on quiet days and 0.95 on disturbed days. Therefore, it can be stated that the relationship of the TEC values with the geomagnetic field are higher on disturbed days.     

带通限幅器对锁相环噪声性能的影响

锁相环路中,在鉴相器前加上AGC（自动增益控制）,可以使环路性能在输入信噪比发生变化时保持稳定,带通限幅器也可以起到类似作用。尽管有一些文章对限幅器的性能作了研究,但是在PLL（锁相环）闭环条件下,鲜有文章分析其对环路噪声性能的影响。因此,文章以基本PLL环路的数学模型为基础,推导出PLL中分别加入相干AGC和带通限幅器后新的环路数学模型,以一阶PLL为例,计算和比较不同控制方式下环路相位误差均方值的变化,最后说明应当根据飞行任务的不同选择对环路更有利的控制方式。     

Adaptation of the bottomside electron density profile of the IRI model to data of topside radiosounding

A method is proposed for reconstructing the electron density profiles N(h) of the IRI model from ionograms of topside satellite sounding of the ionosphere. An ionograms feature is the presence of traces of signal reflection from the Earth's surface. The profile reconstruction is carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the N(h) –profile is calculated from the lower boundary of the ionosphere to the satellite height (total profile) by the method presented in this paper using the ionogram. In this case, the monotonic profile of the topside ionosphere is calculated by the classical method. The profile of the inner ionosphere is represented by analytical functions, the parameters of which are calculated by optimization methods using traces of signal reflection, both from the topside ionosphere and from the Earth. At the second stage, the profile calculated from the ionogram is used to obtain the key parameters: the height of the maximum hmF2 of the F2 layer, the critical frequency foF2, the values of B0 and B1, which determine the profile shape in the F region in the IRI model. The input of key parameters, time of observation, and coordinates of sounding into the IRI model allows obtaining the IRI-profile corrected to real experimental conditions. The results of using the data of the ISIS-2 satellite show that the profiles calculated from the ionograms and the IRI profiles corrected from them are close to each other in the inner ionosphere and can differ significantly in the topside ionosphere. This indicates the possibility of obtaining a profile in the inner ionosphere close to the real distribution, which can significantly expand the information database useful for the IRTAM (IRI Realmax Assimilative Modeling) model. The calculated profiles can be used independently for local ionospheric research.     

随机恒速运动目标的搜索方程及持续探测概率

根据目标位置的初始分布和速度分布,给出了随机恒速运动目标在任意时刻位置和速度分布密度函数。定义了探测函数、目标存在和探测不成功的联合概率密度函数和目标存活概率函数,建立了基于目标速度分布的搜索方程并给出了其特征迹线解。在目标初始分布和速度分布均为圆正态分布条件下,分析了搜索方程特征迹线的基本特征和持续探测发现概率积分域的形态。给出了一个以直升机吊放声纳探测潜艇为背景的持续探测发现概率的算例,算例表明,对随机恒速运动目标持续探测的发现概率,与对静止目标进行持续探测的发现概率相似,服从时间的指数规律。     

Multi- GNSS reflectometry performance evaluation for coastal sea level monitoring: A case study in Antarctic Peninsula

Antarctica is a continent that crucial for studying climate change and its progression across time, as well as analyzing and forecasting local and global change. In this environment, due to the challenges caused by sea-level rise, storm surges, and tsunamis, sustainability is a critical concern, particularly for coastal regions. As a result, the long-term observations that will be conducted in Antarctica are critical for monitoring the adverse impacts of climate change. In recent years, many monitoring approaches, both space, and ground-based are performed to monitor sea/ice level trends in space-based scientific investigations conducted in and around the region. In the study, based on one year of observations from the Palmer GNSS Station, the GNSS Reflectometry technique was used to measure the sea level on the Antarctic Peninsula (PALM). GNSS Station observations were analyzed with a Lomb-Scargle periodogram to monitor sea-level changes, and results were validated with data from a co-located tide gauge (TG). The results show that the correlation between GNSS-R sea-level changes and tidal sea-level changes is found as 0.91.     

不同封闭工艺对2195铝锂合金环保型阳极氧化膜耐蚀性能影响

针对轻量化航天装备的可靠性服役对2195铝锂合金提出的高耐蚀性需求,采用环保型硫酸己二酸(50 g/L硫酸和10 g/L己二酸)溶液体系在2195铝锂合金表面制备阳极氧化膜,对所得的膜层通过沸水封闭、铬酸盐封闭、镍盐封闭和铈盐封闭4种封闭工艺进行后处理,并利用扫描电子显微镜、动电位极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱等方法对膜层表面的显微形貌和耐蚀性能进行表征。结果表明:相较于未封闭的阳极氧化膜,4种封闭工艺均提高了膜层的耐蚀性能,其中镍盐封闭后对基体的钝化效果最好,铬酸盐封闭次之,沸水封闭和铈盐封闭对膜层防腐性能提升有限。对电化学阻抗谱的进一步解析表明,4种膜层阻挡层电阻Rb均在105Ω·cm2数量级,膜层耐蚀能力主要来自于被水合及沉淀物充分填充的多孔层内部,相应的电阻Rp2的数值大小依次为镍盐封闭铬酸盐封闭沸水封闭≈铈盐封闭。     

基于协议变换的图像采集系统设计

介绍了一个基于高速协议变换的实时图像采集系统,该系统实现了从IEEE1394协议到千兆以太网协议的实时变换,将基于IEEE 1394协议的数字相机发出的图像数据转发到以太网上.系统设计使用了SOPC(System On a Programmable Chip)技术,通过Avalon总线将Nios Ⅱ处理器,千兆网MAC核和自定义的1394芯片接口逻辑等IP组件连接在一起形成主要的硬件电路,结合系统软件设计实现了对高速图像数据的实时转发.系统达到了较好的性能,同时具有集成度高,结构简单和扩展性好的特点,展示了利用SOPC技术解决此类问题的优势.     

基于GPU加速的binLBT压缩解压算法

地形数据的压缩/解压是大规模地形实时绘制方法的关键步骤,与绘制效率密切相关.通过对压缩/解压方法核心重叠双正交变换的分析,采用重叠双正交变换的整数提升方法将变换中的浮点数操作转换为整数操作及移位操作.使用支持图形处理单元(GPU,Graphic Processing Unit)通用计算的CUDA(Compute Unified Device Architecture)对变换过程及编码过程进行加速.针对数据超出显存容量的情况,采取数据分块的方法将数据分别载入显存进行变换与编码以完成对整体数据的处理.实验结果表明,基于GPU加速的重叠双正交变换整数提升方法的压缩算法有效提高了地形数据处理的效率,并加快了大规模地形绘制速度.     

基于支持向量机的滚动轴承状态寿命评估

应用状态寿命描述滚动轴承的使用寿命,并建立了滚动轴承的状态寿命评估模型.状态寿命评估模型建模的关键是振动信号的特征提取和状态的识别算法.针对滚动轴承振动的特点,提取小波包重构信号的频带能量构造特征向量,利用支持向量机作为辨识算法建立滚动轴承状态寿命评估模型.滚动轴承全寿命试验验证了模型的有效性和可信性.