基于多特征融合的航天器锂电池健康评估技术

传统的航天器蓄电池可靠性试验按照最大放电深度进行定额充放电，所构建的失效模型用于支撑航天器总体可靠性设计，不能用于在轨锂离子蓄电池健康评估任务；航天器在蓄电池遥测的采样率、精度、样本量方面无法与民用领域相比，基于高采样、大样本的民用蓄电池健康估计方法也不适用于在轨锂离子蓄电池健康评估。针对该问题，从在轨航天器蓄电池数据特性出发，挖掘在轨状态下所能提取的退化特征，并采用多特征综合评价方法，设计了一种基于多特征融合的在轨锂离子蓄电池健康评估方法，实现了在轨蓄电池放电内阻、同放电深度下的终端电压、恒压充电时间3项退化特征融合的健康量化评估，应用于某型号卫星的在轨监测与健康评估，具有良好的工程实用性，可作为国内航天器健康评估技术的参考。     

SiC/Al复合丝的耐蚀性和高温稳定性研究

本研究结果表明,SiC/L_6和SiC/LF_6复合丝在真空中加热至600℃和在空气中400℃暴露144小时,以及在蒸馏水和5%NaCl水溶液中浸泡15天后,其强度保留率大于87%,证明SiC/Al复合丝具有良好的耐蚀性和高温稳定性,用气相层析仪和发射光谱分析了腐蚀气体、溶液和白色沉淀,初步确定其反应机理是电化学腐蚀。与C/Al复合丝相比,SiC/Al腐蚀速度缓慢,纤维—基体界面损伤极小。     

温度对接触热阻的影响

介绍了一种采用实验的方法研究温度对接触热阻的影响及所得到的结果。当多晶体固体表面相互接触时，随着接触面温度升高，接触热阻呈下降规律。产生这一现象的机理是由于当接触面温度变化时。接触表面的微观形状发生了变化。从而导致了接触热阻的变化。当多晶体固体表面相互接触时，对应同一宏观接触状况其微观接触状况却不尽相同。通过实验获得了接触热阻的变化范围和接触热阻随温度变化的数据带。实验中观察到温度使固体表面产生的变形有些能够恢复，有些则不能．本文提出了能否建立温度与变形、时间三者关系的假设，当固体接触表面温度较高时，还提出了一种研究接触热阻的方法。     

Improving Mode II delamination resistance of curved CFRP laminates by a Pre-Hole Z-pinning (PHZ) process

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the Mode II delamination resistance of curved CFRP laminates reinforced with Z-pins. A Pre-Hole Z-pinning (PHZ) process is developed to reduce the in-plane damage of the Z-pinned laminates. The microstructural observation of the Z-pinned laminate specimens indicates that the PHZ process can effectively decrease the defects including the Z-pin offset angle and the area of eyelet zone. The influences of the volume fraction and diameter of Z-pin on the fracture toughness and the delamination crack growth rate of the specimens under End Notch Flexure (ENF) loading are then determined experimentally. The test results show that Z-pin increases the interlayer stiffness of the laminate. The delamination crack growth rate is reduced with the increase of Z-pin diameter and volume fraction, and a reduction up to 40% is achieved compared with the specimens without pins. Furthermore, the Mode II fracture toughness is significantly improved with the increase of Z-pin volume fraction. When Z-pin volume fraction increases by 1%, the achieved fracture toughness is about 200% higher compared to the unpinned laminates.     

SiCO陶瓷隔热复合材料TaSi2-MoSi2硼硅酸盐玻璃涂层制备与性能

为了提高SiCO陶瓷隔热复合材料的抗氧化抗热震性能,通过刷涂法制备SiCO陶瓷隔热复合材料TaSi_2-MoSi_2硼硅酸盐玻璃涂层,借助扫描电镜、X射线衍射等手段对硼硅酸盐玻璃含量分别占23%、31%、38%、41%的涂层进行微观形貌和相组成分析,对不同含量的涂层进行1 500℃氧化5 min,取出后冷却至室温的重复循环试验。结果表明:在循环次数达到25次,氧化总时间达到125 min后,硼硅酸盐玻璃含量占38%的TaSi_2-MoSi_2硼硅酸盐玻璃涂层表面具有最少的孔洞和裂纹,涂层的失重率为-2.1%,说明该涂层具有最好的抗氧化和抗热震性能。。     

表面张力贮箱推进剂管理装置流阻的计算

为了在设计卫星用表面张力贮箱时，正确地计算出推进剂管理装置中液体推进剂的流阻，根据液体的流动特性，研究了卫星用表面张力贮箱推进剂管理装置中推进剂在管道，筛网和一些局部流阻的计算方法，给出了各部分流阻的计算公式，据此实际计算了一个简单的推进剂管理装置，并和实验进行了比较，结果表明理论和实验较为符合。     

应用少量短电阻应变丝布置的损伤评估智能材料结构

智能材料结构是一门新学科，它越来越引起不同学科研究者们的兴趣，本文研究采用电阻应变丝为传感元件，人工神经网络为处理辨识器的损伤评估智能材料结构，提出并实施了一种少量短电阻应变丝的传感元件布置方法，用以对结构中损伤或大应变的区域和级别进行在线评估。     

触点接触电阻的动态检测

定时器、继电器等电器靠触点闭合来控制电器系统的电流、电压或定时时间。这时，触点闭合时的接触电阻对电器的电气性能有很大影响，因而触点接触电阻是这类电器的重要技术参数。目前，企业中仍普遍采用手工、静态、抽检法来测量这一参数。这不仅检测效率低，而且与动态使用状况不一致。我们研制了触点电阻动态检测系统，大大提高了检测效率，并使动态检测与使用状态一致，对保证定时器、继电器等的可靠性有重要意义。     

Tolerance of wheat and lettuce plants grown on human mineralized waste to high temperature stress

The main objective of a life support system for space missions is to supply a crew with food, water and oxygen, and to eliminate their wastes. The ultimate goal is to achieve the highest degree of closure of the system using controlled processes offering a high level of reliability and flexibility. Enhancement of closure of a biological life support system (BLSS) that includes plants relies on increased regeneration of plant waste, and utilization of solid and liquid human wastes. Clearly, the robustness of a BLSS subjected to stress will be substantially determined by the robustness of the plant components of the phototrophic unit. The aim of the present work was to estimate the heat resistance of two plants (wheat and lettuce) grown on human wastes. Human exometabolites mineralized by hydrogen peroxide in an electromagnetic field were used to make a nutrient solution for the plants. We looked for a possible increase in the heat tolerance of the wheat plants using changes in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intensity during heat stress. At age 15 days, plants were subjected to a rise in air temperature (from 23 ± 1 °C to 44 ± 1 °С) under different PAR intensities for 4 h. The status of the photosynthetic apparatus of the plants was assessed by external СО₂ gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. The increased irradiance of the plants during the high temperature period demonstrated its protective action for both the photosynthetic apparatus of the leaves and subsequent plant growth and development. The productivity of the plants subjected to temperature changes at 250 W m⁻² of PAR did not differ from that of controls, whereas the productivity of the plants subjected to the same heat stress but in darkness was halved.     

大型弹簧电镀锌工艺优化

采用扫描电镜(SEM)研究了发蓝、超声波酸洗前处理工艺对大型弹簧零件表面残余氧化皮的去除效果以及这两种前处理工艺对镀锌层的结合力与抗腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,采用适当的发蓝、超声波酸洗等前处理工艺,能够有效去除零件表面顽固的残余氧化皮,较大幅度地提高镀锌层与金属基体的结合力,并提高镀锌层的抗腐蚀性能。