横向射流起爆爆震波数值研究

采用CFD软件对横向喷射的射流在预先充满丙烷/空气恰当比混合物的爆震室中起爆爆震波的过程和机理进行了数值模拟,并讨论了射流的压力、速度以及温度对爆震波起爆特性的影响.结果表明,对于计算的物理模型,爆震射流不能在爆震室中直接起爆爆震波;射流与壁面的碰撞形成激波反射,激波反射产生的横渡、热点和局部爆震引发起爆;能够成功起爆爆震波的横向射流存在最小的射流压力,该射流压力为0.9MPa;较小的射流压力、较小的射流速度或较低的射流温度都不利于横向射流在爆震室中起爆爆震波.     

超燃冲压发动机凹腔内补氧的强化点火试验

在超燃冲压发动机扩张型燃烧室中,对凹腔内局部补氧的点火强化方法进行了试验研究。采用高速摄影手段研究了不同的补氧方式对凹腔内火焰分布特征和燃烧强度的影响,并针对并联双凹腔燃烧室构型,研究了在单侧凹腔补氧条件下向异侧凹腔的火焰传播过程。试验结果表明,采用凹腔内补氧的方式能调节凹腔内的燃料浓度分布、改善凹腔内的燃烧过程,控制燃烧放热强度;稳态燃烧情况下,观察到凹腔驻留火焰的两种存在特征,分别表现为:由回流区热量反馈机制作用下的凹腔局部驻留火焰和燃烧室全局压力反馈影响下的凹腔剪切层火焰。只有在单侧凹腔燃烧建立了全局压力反馈的条件下才能实现凹腔火焰的异侧传播。     

一种行波型超声电机驱动器的研制

针对超声电机的工作原理和驱动要求,研制一套适用于行波型超声波电机的驱动器。对比分析驱动器与普通驱动电源对超声电机性能的影响,实验结果表明,驱动器的输出波形与参数均满足设计要求,超声电机的输出性能也基本一致。在超声电机长时间运行过程中,电机与驱动器的输出性能均稳定。     

直升机MSG-3区域分析方法研究

以某民用直升机MSG-3区域分析为例,阐述和分析了直升机MSG-3区域分析的工作流程、等级系数确定原则、标准区域分析和增强区域分析方法,为今后直升机MSG-3区域分析提供参考.     

电弧加热射流O2激光诱导荧光技术温度测量

采用ArF准分子激光器作为激发光源来激励O2-Schumann-Runge带系(B3Σ-u←X3Σ-g)193.3nm附近的转动吸收谱线,用紫外光电倍增管探测该带系256nm附近的荧光信号,建立了ArF准分子激光器O2激光诱导荧光流场测试系统.在建立O2单带测温模型和软件的基础上,利用Schumann-Runge带系(10,2)带的荧光信号、测量了氧氩混合电弧加热射流的径向温度分布.结果表明我们建立的ArF准分子激光器O2-LIF测试系统是成功的.     

耦合进排气壳的增压器涡轮流动干扰及激振力弱化研究

为探究船用增压器涡轮在耦合进排气壳条件下的流动特性,采用SST湍流模型和FFT方法对某增压器轴流涡轮与进排气壳耦合的流场进行非定常数值模拟,重点分析排气壳非对称流场对涡轮动叶片压力的干扰特性和扰动来源,在此基础上提出基于导叶非对称布局的激振力弱化改型方案并进行了验证。结果表明：进气壳影响静叶前缘静压沿周向的分布,排气壳流场导致的非对称背压会给动叶表面造成低频的压力波动,约为3.6%的转子通过频率,在尾缘吸力面处该低频波动幅值大于动静叶排干涉导致的高频波动幅值;排气壳内部复杂的分离流动和涡系结构是产生上述流动干扰的主要原因。4种非对称布局方案都能在几乎不影响涡轮性能的前提下分散并弱化高频波动幅值;其中Case2尾缘高频幅值减小了98.6%,低频幅值减小了52.6%,而且涡轮效率还有略微提高,为最优布局。     

高校工会履行教育职能的对策探究

教育是高校工会组织的一项重要社会职能。从实施高校工会教育职能重要性和必要性入手，分析高校工会教育职能的实施现状及其原因，探讨研究高校工会教育内容的模式，提出方法、对策。     

英语写作元认知能力培养

为了解决英语写作教学费时低效的问题,根据元认知理论框架对54名高职高专商务英语专业二年级的学生进行了行动研究。研究方法包括收集相关材料、制订并实施改进写作教学的行动计划、评估计划实施的效果。结果是绝大部分学生对本学期的写作教学和在写作方面取得的成绩表示满意。最后对研究过程和结果作分析,针对不足之处提出了改进办法,并提出了有待研究的新问题。     

The Zadko telescope: A resource for science education enrichment

This paper describes plans for employing a new fully robotic optical telescope in Western Australia, the Zadko telescope, for evaluating education-outreach. A key feature of the telescope is the optimized observation-scheduling program, developed by our French collaborators who operate the TAROT robotic telescope network. It provides a simple interface for requesting observation time remotely, and has the potential for school students to participate in real astronomical research. The University of Western Australia and Curtin University are commencing a study for evaluating changes in student perceptions of science by participation in our astronomy research. Other areas of interest include broadening the program to include access of students from European countries, and exploring how remote access astronomy can be used to encourage awareness between different cultures.     

Improvements in the re-flight of spaceflight experiments on plant tropisms

In order to effectively study phototropism, the directed growth in response to light, we performed a series of experiments in microgravity to better understand light response without the “complications” of a 1-g stimulus. These experiments were named TROPI (for tropisms) and were performed on the European Modular Cultivation System (EMCS), a laboratory facility on the International Space Station (ISS). TROPI-1 was performed in 2006, and while it was a successful experiment, there were a number of technical difficulties. We had the opportunity to perform TROPI-2 in 2010 and were able to optimize experimental conditions as well as to extend the studies of phototropism to fractional gravity created by the EMCS centrifuge. This paper focuses on how the technical improvements in TROPI-2 allowed for a better experiment with increased scientific return. Major modifications in TROPI-2 compared to TROPI-1 included the use of spaceflight hardware that was off-gassed for a longer period and reduced seed storage (less than 2 months) in hardware. These changes resulted in increased seed germination and more vigorous growth of seedlings. While phototropism in response to red illumination was observed in hypocotyls of seedlings grown in microgravity during TROPI-1, there was a greater magnitude of red-light-based phototropic curvature in TROPI-2. Direct downlinking of digital images from the ISS in TROPI-2, rather than the use of analog tapes in TROPI-1, resulted in better quality images and simplified data analyses. In TROPI-2, improved cryo-procedures and the use of the GLACIER freezer during transport of samples back to Earth maintained the low temperature necessary to obtain good-quality RNA required for use in gene profiling studies.