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921.
922.
Basic performance of BeiDou-2 navigation satellite system used in LEO satellites precise orbit determination 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The visibility for low earth orbit(LEO) satellites provided by the BeiDou-2 system is analyzed and compared with the global positioning system(GPS). In addition, the spaceborne receivers' observations are simulated by the BeiDou satellites broadcast ephemeris and LEO satellites orbits. The precise orbit determination(POD) results show that the along-track component accuracy is much better over the service area than the non-service area, while the accuracy of the other two directions keeps at the same level over different areas. However, the 3-dimensional(3D) accuracy over the two areas shows almost no difference. Only taking into consideration the observation noise and navigation satellite ephemeris errors, the 3D accuracy of the POD is about30 cm. As for the precise relative orbit determination(PROD), the 3D accuracy is much better over the eastern hemisphere than that of the western hemisphere. The baseline length accuracy is 3.4 mm over the service area, and it is still better than 1 cm over the non-service area. This paper demonstrates that the BeiDou regional constellation could provide global service to LEO satellites for the POD and the PROD. Finally, the benefit of geostationary earth orbit(GEO) satellites is illustrated for POD. 相似文献
923.
An overview of the material developments currently being pursued by the European Space Agency (ESA) with respect to X-ray, γ-ray and neutron detection media is given. The benefits underlying the selection of specific materials are discussed. In the X-ray regime the basic microphysics behind degraded spectral performance caused by the polarization effect and Te inclusions, have been investigated. We have found that both effects degrade the spectra by producing a localised distortion of the electric field. The underlying cause for the distortion does however differ. For the γ-ray regime, a low-noise equivalent scintillator to LaBr3 has been developed in the form of CeBr3. Three inch crystals with a FWHM energy resolution of 4.4% at 662 keV have successfully been produced. For neutron detection, a boron compound based solid state neutron detector has been developed that is sensitive to neutrons, alpha particles and 60 keV X-rays. The measured detection efficiency in detection for thermal neutrons was found to be in the order of a few per cent. 相似文献
924.
1700℃热校准风洞 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1700℃热本单位风洞是一台高温、高速的稳态与动态温度校准装置。本文介绍了1700℃热校准风洞的主要性能和特点,以及为此而采取的保温与冷却相结合的结构设计、高温内壳设计和其它的一些技术方法。 相似文献
925.
926.
从一起航空运输严重事故征候看航空领域的威胁与差错管理 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
李智 《中国民航飞行学院学报》2013,(5):24-27
不安全事件的发生通常经历了威胁-人的差错-意外状态-不安全事件这样一个发展演变的过程。2010年1月13日,上航B5260号机在虹桥机场进近过程中下降低于安全高度,触发近地告警,构成一起航空运输严重事故征候。威胁与差错管理模型揭示:临时变更进近方式构成了来自外部环境的威胁,而航空器驾驶员和管制员在对威胁、人的差错和意外状态管理方面存在的失误是造成这起严重事故征候的主要原因。通过加强对威胁的识别和对人的差错和意外状态的管理,可以提高系统的容错、防错和纠错能力,有效防止不安全事件的发生。 相似文献
927.
928.
T. Schildknecht R. MusciT. Flohrer 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,41(7):1039-1045
In the framework of its space debris research activities ESA established an optical survey program to study the space debris environment at high altitudes, in particular in the geostationary ring and in the geostationary transfer orbit region. The Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) performs these surveys on behalf of ESA using ESA’s 1-m telescope in Tenerife. Regular observations were started in 1999 and are continued during about 120–140 nights per year. Results from these surveys revealed a substantial amount of space debris at high altitudes in the size range from 0.1 to 1 m. Several space debris populations with different dynamical properties were identified in the geostationary ring. During the searches for debris in the geostationary transfer orbit region a new population of objects in unexpected orbits, where no potential progenitors exist, was found. The orbital periods of these objects are clustered around one revolution per day; the eccentricities, however, are scattered between 0 and 0.6. By following-up some of these objects using the ESA telescope and AIUB’s 1-m telescope in Zimmerwald, Switzerland, it was possible to study the properties of this new population. One spectacular finding from monitoring the orbits over time spans of days to months is the fact that these objects must have extreme area-to-mass ratios, which are by several orders of magnitudes higher than for ‘normal-type’ debris. This in turn supports the hypothesis that the new population actually is debris generated in or near the geostationary ring and which is in orbits with periodically varying eccentricity and inclination due to perturbations by solar radiation pressure. In order to further study the nature of these debris, multi-color and temporal photometry (light curves) were acquired with the Zimmerwald telescope. The light curves show strong variations over short time intervals, including signals typical for specular reflections. Some objects exhibit distinct periodic variations with periods ranging from 10 to several 100 s. All this is indicative for objects with complicated shapes and some highly reflective surfaces. 相似文献
929.
提出了一种在自旋稳定卫星自旋轴与几何体轴重合或几乎重合时只利用太阳角计算自旋卫星姿态的方法。给出了方法的原理及适用范围。研究表明:定姿精度仅与太敏测量精度有关,减小了传统方法中太敏与地敏两项测量误差产生的误差,方法原理简单、精度高。由实际卫星数据的长期验证可知:方法能在卫星自旋轴与实际几何轴偏差较小时实现快速定姿,定姿结果满足要求。 相似文献
930.