卫星单圈单弧段观测数据误差估计

通过建立准确的被观测目标的动力学模型,构造出了基于精密轨道确定与预报的卫星单圈单弧段观测数据误差的辨识与剔除方法,有效克服了基于多项式拟合方法存在的以误差辨误差的缺陷。     

多敏感器信息融合技术在卫星姿态确定中的应用

针对惯性陀螺、星敏感器和红外地平仪组成的卫星姿态确定系统,基于联邦卡尔曼滤波技术和多敏感器信息融合技术,提出了二级分散滤波方案,该方案能够实现系统的故障诊断与系统重构,提高系统的可靠性,最后通过仿真解算出高精度的姿态测量信息。     

基于混合遗传算法求解飞机平衡状态

通过分析飞机平衡状态的基本特性和现有配平算法存在的问题,提出了一种求解不同类型飞机多种平衡状态的通用方法。该方法与飞机模型结构无关,只利用配平约束进行计算,算法采用与单纯形相结合的混合遗传算法,提高了搜索速度与精度。仿真结果表明这种方法具有较好的收敛性与稳定性。     

一种固冲组合发动机进气道通气减阻方案的特性研究

提出了一种适用于整体式固体火箭冲压发动机的进气道通气减阻方案，并以矩形截面通气口高度、长度为变量进行了数值模拟实验，得到了其对阻力系数的影响规律。还给出了最佳通气方案的阻力系数随马赫数的变化规律，并与原始模型、进气口加堵盖方案进行了比较。最后结合一种具有常规气动布局的飞行器外形设计了模型，并对其进行了数值模拟研究和吹风实验，验证了方案的有效性和数值计算方法的可靠程度。     

航天器再对接撤退策略

在航天器交会对接最终逼近段、相对导航系统或其它系统出现故障、不得不中止逼近过程的情况下,若机动发动机仍能正常工作,应撤退至最终逼近段进入点,排除故障后,进行再对接。撤退方式的选择应全面考虑转移时间、速度增量、轨迹视界角以及可能产生的羽烟污染等因素。将相对运动方程设计的机动方案,代入绝对运动的轨道摄动方程中,验证了计算结果的正确性。     

傅里叶变换成像光谱仪CCD像元响应非均匀性校正

根据一般成像系统CCD像元响应非均匀性校正的原理与算法,通过对星载可见光干涉成像光谱仪CCD像元响应非均匀性校正的相对辐射定标原理及所获定标数据的深入分析,研究出了一种适于对可见光及红外干涉成像光谱仪系统CCD像元响应非均匀性进行校正的方法,有效解决了干涉成像光谱仪系统探测器阵列非均匀性校正这一工程技术难题,它对今后该方面的科研和技术工作具有积极的指导意义。     

GPS相对定位在星间测量中的应用

基于GPS载波相位差分技术,提出了星间测量中的GPS相对定位测量方案,分析了其算法模型,并利用两台GPS接收机进行了高动态仿真验证。仿真结果表明,该方案能达到厘米级的相对定位精度。     

星敏感器光轴测量的锥面误差模型及其应用

星敏感器是卫星高精度姿态测量系统中的重要器件,根据其测量可以建立不同形式的星敏感器测量模型,准确分析测量模型中测量误差的特性是保证卫星姿态确定精度的重要条件。本文针对广泛采用的星敏感器光轴矢量测量方程,从几何角度出发,结合实际情况,提出了一种新颖的星敏感器光轴测量的锥面误差模型。在两个锥面参数分别服从一定的概率分布的条件下,对测量误差特性进行了深入分析,确定出新的测量误差协方差矩阵。上述研究能够在不增加算法计算量的前提下,从新的角度,更为直观地建立了星敏感器光轴矢量测量模型。最后在仿真实验中,将新的锥面误差测量模型应用于基于扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）的姿态确定方法中,结果表明了利用该测量模型进行姿态确定的有效性。     

Impact of DORIS ground antennas environment on their radio signal quality

Among the factors which may disrupt the DORIS measurements quality, the ground antennas environment is of high importance. For a set of 15 selected DORIS beacon, the differences between the effective and theoretical power received on-board the satellites (SPOT-5 and Envisat) have been analyzed in terms of spatial direction around the antenna. Such antenna maps have also been established regarding the Doppler residuals of the least-square precise orbit adjustment. Thanks to 360° views from the antennas and aerial views of the sites, the impact of the signal obstructions (trees, roofs, antennas …) on power attenuation and Doppler residuals is discussed. Depending on the nature of the obstructed object, the attenuation level can reach more than 5 dB, and the residual RMS of the orbit adjustment may be doubled from the nominal value, reaching 1 mm/s locally. The nature of the ground at the foot of the antennas has been correlated to DORIS signal quality at high elevation: reflections on flat surfaces (e.g. roofs) affect the signal more significantly than reflections on natural ground (e.g. soil). In particular, a modeling of the multipath phenomenon affecting Fairbanks site has been established and fits remarkably with the observations. Finally, an evaluation of the direct impact of obstructing objects on the orbit has also been performed. The example of a scaffolding at Kauai site displays a few millimeters error in the along-track position of the satellite.     

New improved orbit solutions for the ERS-1 and ERS-2 satellites

Improved orbit solutions of the European Remote Sensing Satellites ERS-1 and ERS-2 have been computed in the ITRF2005 terrestrial reference frame using the recent models based mainly on IERS Conventions 2003. These solutions cover the periods 3 August 1991 to 8 July 1996 for ERS-1, and 3 May 1995 to 4 July 2003 for ERS-2. For each satellite, the final orbit solution is based on a combination of three separate orbit solutions independently computed at the Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS) of the Delft University of Technology (The Netherlands), the Navigation Support Office of the European Space Operations Centre (ESOC, Germany) and the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (Germany) using three different software packages for precise orbit determination, but using the same models in the same terrestrial reference frame within the European Space Agency (ESA) project ‘Reprocessing of Altimeter Products for ERS (REAPER)’. Validation using radar altimeter data indicates that the new combined orbits of ERS-1 and ERS-2 computed by us are significantly more accurate, approaching the 2–3 cm level in radial direction, than previously available orbit solutions.