事件触发控制在倒立摆系统中的仿真与实验

从理论、仿真、实验3个角度考虑了事件触发控制对于一级直线倒立摆系统的控制效果,进而说明事件触发控制的可行性与实用性。首先,借助线性矩阵不等式给出了事件条件参数的设计方法,并对触发时间间隔下界进行了估计。其次,通过Simulink仿真说明了在无量化效应时理论结果的有效性。最后,通过实验研究了量化效应的影响,发现其对于基于模型控制器的负面作用。实验结果表明,对于实际倒立摆系统,混合型事件条件及零阶保持控制器更加适用,它们可以在保证系统稳定性的前提下有效降低信息的通信频率。上述结果体现了事件触发控制的潜在实用价值。      

Time-varying solar radiation pressure on Ajisai in comparison with LAGEOS satellites

This study aims to investigate solar radiation pressure acting on the spherical geodetic satellites, Ajisai, LAGEOS-1, and LAGEOS-2. The solar radiation pressure coefficients ($C_R$) are derived in two independent ways: (a) through precise orbit determination (POD) using satellite laser ranging (SLR) data, and (b) through modeling using the optical properties of the satellite surface material. The average $C_R$ value of Ajisai (1.039), as calculated from the time series of $C_R$ POD estimates every 15?days, is consistently smaller than those of LAGEOS-1 (1.140) and LAGEOS-2 (1.103). This difference can be explained by the fact that the surface of Ajisai is mostly covered by mirrors. The Ajisai $C_R$ values estimated by POD show remarkable semi-annual variation, which disagrees with the results of a previous study (Sengoku et al., 1995) predicting that the $C_R$ of Ajisai varies almost annually. We attribute this semi-annual variation to two physical reasons: the non-spherical additional cross-sectional area due to the “attached fitting ring” and the low reflectivity of the surface material in the polar regions. Furthermore, the solar radiation pressure acting on Ajisai varies annually in a direction perpendicular to the sun-satellite vector. Finally, the two independent $C_R$ values of Ajisai agree more when we assume a total solar irradiance of 1361?W/m², whereas the value 1367?W/m² has been commonly used in POD.     

LEO enhanced Global Navigation Satellite System (LeGNSS) for real-time precise positioning services

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been widely used in many geosciences areas with its Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) service. However, GNSS still has its own bottleneck, such as the long initialization period of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) without dense reference network. Recently, the concept of PNTRC (Positioning, Navigation, Timing, Remote sensing and Communication) has been put forward, where Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are recruited to fulfill diverse missions. In navigation aspect, a number of selected LEO satellites can be equipped with a transmitter to transmit similar navigation signals to ground users, so that they can serve as GNSS satellites but with much faster geometric change to enhance GNSS capability, which is named as LEO constellation enhanced GNSS (LeGNSS). As a result, the initialization time of PPP is expected to be shortened to the level of a few minutes or even seconds depending on the number of the LEO satellites involved. In this article, we simulate all the relevant data from June 8th to 14th, 2014 and investigate the feasibility of LeGNSS with the concentration on the key issues in the whole data processing for providing real-time PPP service based on a system configuration with fourteen satellites of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), twenty-four satellites of the Global Positioning System (GPS), and sixty-six satellites of the Iridium satellite constellations. At the server-end, Precise Orbit Determination (POD) and Precise Clock Estimation (PCE) with various operational modes are investigated using simulated observations. It is found out that GNSS POD with partial LEO satellites is the most practical mode of LeGNSS operation. At the user-end, the Geometry Dilution Of Precision (GDOP) and Signal-In-Space Ranging Error (SISRE) are calculated and assessed for different positioning schemes in order to demonstrate the performance of LeGNSS. Centimeter level SISRE can be achieved for LeGNSS.     

弹性高速飞行器的状态/参数滚动时域估计

针对弹性高速飞行器非线性、不确定性和刚体/弹性耦合的特点,提出了一种基于QR分解和滚动时域估计的状态/参数联合估计方法。首先,通过引入滚动时域策略,将状态/参数估计问题转化为固定变量数目的优化问题,能够较好地处理时变参数的估计问题。然后,利用前向动态规划原理,将到达代价的计算转化为最小二乘问题,并利用QR分解进行求解,从而给出了基于QR分解的到达代价更新方法。这样使得整个滚动时域估计方法都建立在优化的基础上,且引入了反馈机制,提高了估计精度和速度。仿真结果表明:滚动时域估计的精度明显优于扩展卡尔曼滤波,且基于QR分解的到达代价更新方法在速度上优于传统的基于估计误差协方差的到达代价更新方法。      

火星大气进入滑模自抗扰制导方法

针对火星探测器大气进入制导阶段存在着模型参数误差等不确定性,基于直接反馈线性化理论设计了一种滑模自抗扰进入制导方法。首先利用反馈线性化方法对跟踪系统模型进行线性化处理;在此基础上设计了滑模控制律,并利用线性扩张状态观测器估计系统的未知不确定量,在控制律中进行补偿;此外还给出了大气进入段的横向制导律。仿真结果表明,与反馈线性化方法相比,该方法设计的制导律有效地降低了模型参数误差对制导精度的影响,实现了对参考轨迹的良好跟踪,提高了探测器开伞点的精度。     

基于并行模型自适应滤波的空间目标相对位姿估计

摘要： 扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)的估计精度受限于测量噪声统计特性的准确程度,如果敏感器测量噪声方差偏离其标称值,将会对滤波性能产生不利影响.尽管自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波(AEKF)能够对测量噪声方差进行估计,但是,噪声特性准确的情况下,AEKF的性能往往不及传统EKF.针对上述问题,本文提出一种并行模型自适应滤波(PMAF),基于特定的自适应率将EKF和AEKF结合起来,使得在先验信息准确的情况下,EKF在状态估计中起主导作用;相反,在实际噪声方差偏离标称值时,令AEKF起主导作用.这样,即能有效削弱测量噪声统计特性不确定性对滤波性能的影响,又能确保正常情况下的估计精度.以空间目标相对位姿估计为例,通过数学仿真对EKF、AEKF和PMAF进行了对比研究,表明所提算法的综合性能优于传统方法.     

李雅普诺夫方程AX-XB=C的误差界

本文对李雅普诺夫方程AX-XB=C及(A+δA)(X+δX)-(X+δX)(B+δB)=C+δC的解X及X+δX给出了相对误差‖δx‖/‖X‖的一个上界。     

电静液作动器自调节积分鲁棒运动控制

针对电静液作动器系统中存在的匹配干扰及不匹配干扰,基于扩张状态观测器,设计了一种自调节积分鲁棒控制方法。首先设计扩张状态观测器估计系统的匹配不确定性并且进行前馈补偿;然后设计自调节积分鲁棒控制器分别处理系统的不匹配干扰和状态估计误差,实现了电静液作动器的渐近跟踪控制;最后通过仿真验证了该控制方案的有效性。结果表明：相较于传统的PID控制器,该控制器的跟踪误差约为0.2mm,控制精度达到0.4%左右。     

一种新的非扩张映像不动点的复合迭代算法

在Banach空间中．引进了一种新的逼近非扩张映像不动点的复合隐迭代格式。证明了一些弱收敛和强收敛定理。并给出了相对收敛率的估计。本研究结果改进了已有同类的结果。