基于深度卷积网络的海洋涡旋检测模型

传统的利用遥感数据检测涡旋的方法通常是基于物理参数、几何特征、手工特征或专家知识。本文重点研究了基于深度学习技术从海表面高度图中识别海洋涡旋的方法。针对海洋卫星拍摄的海洋表面高度图中的涡旋检测问题,提出了一种基于卷积神经网络的多涡旋检测模型,该模型能够准确提取涡旋的特征信息,拟合语义信息与海面高度之间的关系。同时,在用于涡旋检测的最新公开数据集SCSE-Eddy上进行模型训练,以评估基于人工智能的涡旋检测方法性能,该数据集涵盖了15年来位于中国南海及其东部部分海域的每日卫星遥感海表面高度数据。实验结果表明,与现有的方法相比,本文模型取得了更好的检测结果,能够更好地区分相距较近的涡旋。     

机器学习技术在气动优化中的应用

近年来优化设计在气动设计中发挥了越来越多的作用,但实用性和效率是制约其发挥作用的两大障碍。在大型客机超临界机翼设计中,通过"人在回路"（依靠人的经验在优化进行过程中实施必要干预）等努力,取得了较好的效果,机器学习技术逐步得到发展。提出了利用机器学习技术模拟人在优化过程中的合理行为和作用机制,以深层次利用信息和知识,改善优化的实用性和效率。梳理了机器学习技术在气动优化中应用的发展脉络,并结合工作实践介绍了机器学习在优化设计中的典型应用。进一步探讨了深度学习在气动优化中的可能应用方式。     

基于迭代滑模的机械臂控制策略

针对机械臂这类非线性的不确定性系统,基于迭代学习控制与滑模控制策略,提出了一种有效的迭代滑模控制方法。该控制方法通过将滑模控制律引入到迭代学习控制中,并运用Lyapunov理论对控制律进行证明,从而确保系统的稳定性。基于拉格朗日力学法建立动力学模型,得到相对简化的n关节机械臂模型。以一个二关节机械臂为例,通过MATLAB仿真验证所提控制策略可有效提高关节的跟踪速度与跟踪精度,并且在一定程度上可减缓传统滑模控制的抖振现象,与传统迭代学习控制相比,系统具有鲁棒性。物理试验验证了所提控制策略的有效性。     

An aero-engine life-cycle maintenance policy optimization algorithm: Reinforcement learning approach

An aero-engine maintenance policy plays a crucial role in reasonably reducing maintenance cost. An aero-engine is a type of complex equipment with long service-life. In engineering,a hybrid maintenance strategy is adopted to improve the aero-engine operational reliability. Thus,the long service-life and the hybrid maintenance strategy should be considered synchronously in aero-engine maintenance policy optimization. This paper proposes an aero-engine life-cycle maintenance policy optimization algorithm that synchronously considers the long service-life and the hybrid maintenance strategy. The reinforcement learning approach was adopted to illustrate the optimization framework, in which maintenance policy optimization was formulated as a Markov decision process. In the reinforcement learning framework, the Gauss–Seidel value iteration algorithm was adopted to optimize the maintenance policy. Compared with traditional aero-engine maintenance policy optimization methods, the long service-life and the hybrid maintenance strategy could be addressed synchronously by the proposed algorithm. Two numerical experiments and algorithm analyses were performed to illustrate the optimization algorithm in detail.     

基于深度学习的超临界裂解煤油流量特性研究

为了明晰超临界裂解煤油的流量特性,实现对超临界裂解煤油流量的准确预测,采用实验方法测量了较大压力和温度范围内超临界裂解煤油的流量,对超临界裂解煤油流量特性进行了分析,基于多元线性回归方法,多元多项式回归方法和深度学习方法分别建立了超临界裂解煤油流量预测模型并给出了模型评估指标。研究结果表明,超临界裂解煤油流量主要与压降和温度有关,并且流量与压降和温度之间存在着很强的非线性关系;基于深度学习方法的深度神经网络模型性能优于多元线性回归模型和多元多项式回归模型,能够更加准确地刻画超临界裂解煤油的流量特性,其平均相对预测误差在1.1%左右,最大相对预测误差在7%以下。     

基于多智能体深度强化学习的多星观测任务分配方法

为应对多星环境中复杂多约束条件下的任务分配场景,提出一种多星自主决策观测任务分配算法,该算法采用基于集中式训练、分布式执行的多智能体深度强化学习算法。通过这种方式训练后的卫星智能体,即使在没有中心决策节点或通信受限的情况下,仍具有一定的自主协同能力及独立实现多星观测任务的高效分配能力。     

基于MEMD和ELM的飞机机翼健康状态预测技术

复合材料在现代飞机结构中的应用越来越广泛,为了有效地对飞机机翼健康状态进行预测,提出了基于多元经验模态分解(MEMD)和极限学习机(ELM)的飞机机翼健康状态预测方法。以某型飞机复合材料机翼盒段为具体研究对象,对其进行冲击与疲劳加载试验,利用光纤传感器及其采集系统募集飞机复合材料机翼盒段的原始应变信息,对其健康状态予以表征。对所采集的原始应变信息进行MEMD分解,提取分解后各频带信号的能量熵作为表征飞机复合材料机翼盒段健康状态的特征信息,采用动态主元分析法(DPCA)将所提取的能量熵特征信息进行融合,采用融合后所得到的能量熵构建ELM预测模型,对某型飞机复合材料机翼盒段健康状态进行预测。试验研究表明,本文方法可以有效实现飞机机翼的健康状态预测,具有很好的应用前景。     

基于神经网络的卫星控制系统故障识别方法

闭环控制系统的反馈调节机制,可能破坏开环系统的可辨识性,导致误报率和漏报率同时上升,还可能导致同一故障模式下的多个变量发生异常,给闭环控制系统故障识别带来难度。针对单输入单输出系统,分析了闭环控制对可辨识性、误报率和漏报率的影响,对多输入多输出系统,理论上推导了闭环控制系统传感器故障的传播机理,分析了闭环控制系统对系统变量的影响关系,利用神经网络构建了闭环故障识别算法。数值仿真结果验证了闭环对故障系统诊断的不利影响,而卫星姿态控制系统的仿真结果标明:与传统方法相比,提出的方法识别性能更高。     

Ground maneuver for front-wheel drive aircraft via deep reinforcement learning

The maneuvering time on the ground accounts for 10%–30% of their flight time, and it always exceeds 50% for short-haul aircraft when the ground traffic is congested. Aircraft also contribute significantly to emissions, fuel burn, and noise when taxiing on the ground at airports. There is an urgent need to reduce aircraft taxiing time on the ground. However, it is too expensive for airports and aircraft carriers to build and maintain more runways, and it is space-limited to tow the aircraft fast using tractors. Autonomous drive capability is currently the best solution for aircraft, which can save the maneuver time for aircraft. An idea is proposed that the wheels are driven by APU-powered (auxiliary power unit) motors, APU is working on its efficient point; consequently, the emissions, fuel burn, and noise will be reduced significantly. For Front-wheel drive aircraft, the front wheel must provide longitudinal force to tow the plane forward and lateral force to help the aircraft make a turn. Forward traction effects the aircraft’s maximum turning ability, which is difficult to be modeled to guide the controller design. Deep reinforcement learning provides a powerful tool to help us design controllers for black-box models; however, the models of related works are always simplified, fixed, or not easily modified, but that is what we care about most. Only with complex models can the trained controller be intelligent. High-fidelity models that can easily modified are necessary for aircraft ground maneuver controller design. This paper focuses on the maneuvering problem of front-wheel drive aircraft, a high-fidelity aircraft taxiing dynamic model is established, including the 6-DOF airframe, landing gears, and nonlinear tire force model. A deep reinforcement learning based controller was designed to improve the maneuver performance of front-wheel drive aircraft. It is proved that in some conditions, the DRL based controller outperformed conventional look-ahead controllers.