从王国维谈人文素质

撷王国维博大深沉学术之一粟,试对王国维所蕴含和阐发的人文素质做一个简约的梳理,以期窥其特质,集心香一瓣,并引为今人启迪。     

Perception,object kind,and object naming

Spatial Cognition and Computation - We investigated whether certain perceptual properties of objects could support children's and adults' judgments of the range of shape changes permissible...     

Age differences in adults' spatial abilities,learning environmental layout,and wayfinding behavior

Empirical relations among age, general spatialability as assessed by psychometric tests,wayfinding-related skills as assessed byexperimental tasks in the laboratory,environmental layout learning as assessed in afield experiment, and wayfinding behavior asobserved in a field experiment were modeled ina study involving 120 younger and 120 olderadults. The best-fitting model showed thatage-related differences in learningenvironmental layout were significantly, butnot exclusively, mediated by a single abilityfactor defined by psychometric tests. Knowledge of environmental layout was theexclusive mediator between general spatialability and wayfinding behavior. Thus, agedifferences in psychometric test performancewere found to be a major factor in accountingfor aging-related decline in learningenvironmental layout, but other variables notassessed in this study also play a significantrole.     

在大学综合英语课堂教学中提升学生学习自主性的行动研究

通过采用行动研究的方法,揭示大学生英语学习中自主性问题的现状,并试图在教学实践中探索出有效的提升大学生英语学习自主性的方法。通过问卷、访谈、课堂观察等方式展开调查,并在分析和实践中发现,只有教师不断地激励,并在课堂上创设能够让学生发挥学习自主性的情境,开展多样的课堂活动,学生的英语学习自主性才会不断地提升,英语学习才会呈现出良性发展的态势。     

Measuring air traffic complexity based on small samples

Air traffic complexity is an objective metric for evaluating the operational condition of the airspace.It has several applications,such as airspace design and traffic flow management.Therefore,identifying a reliable method to accurately measure traffic complexity is important.Considering that many factors correlate with traffic complexity in complicated nonlinear ways,researchers have proposed several complexity evaluation methods based on machine learning models which were trained with large samples.However,the high cost of sample collection usually results in limited training set.In this paper,an ensemble learning model is proposed for measuring air traffic complexity within a sector based on small samples.To exploit the classification information within each factor,multiple diverse factor subsets (FSSs) are generated under guidance from factor noise and independence analysis.Then,a base complexity evaluator is built corresponding to each FSS.The final complexity evaluation result is obtained by integrating all results from the base evaluators.Experimental studies using real-world air traffic operation data demonstrate the advantages of our model for small-sample-based traffic complexity evaluation over other stateof-the-art methods.     

基于深度学习的ADS-B异常数据检测模型

广播式自动相关监视（ADS-B）是下一代空中交通运输系统的重要组成部分，是新航行系统中非常重要的通信和监视技术，但其协议没有提供相关的信息认证和数据加密，因此极其容易受到欺骗干扰的影响。针对ADS-B报文数据特点，采用深度学习的seq2seq模型对ADS-B报文数据进行重构，通过重构误差来检测异常，并对数据进行特征扩展，使模型能更好的捕捉数据的时间依赖性。实验结果表明，所采用的方法优于传统的机器学习方法，且在数据特征扩展后，模型检测效果提升。相比于现有的欺骗干扰检测方法，该方法不需要改变ADS-B系统的协议，也不需要额外的节点或传感器参与，具有一定的适应性和灵活性。     

一种自信学习自动机

提出一种二次不动—惩罚变结构随机自动机模型（Q(IP)）。较之于其线性形式（L(IP)），新模型的学习带有一定的自信（当然，有时也可能是自负）。特别，跟传统自动机不同的是，新算法的极限行为同时兼具吸收壁和遍历性。     

基于贝叶斯网的业务端编程方法

针对现有的业务端编程方法缺乏对于没有软件开发背景的最终用户的指导机制,提出了一种基于贝叶斯网的业务端编程方法.首先提出了一种基于贝叶斯网的最终用户编程基本框架,然后基于贝叶斯网结构学习方法和过程日志建立了用来支撑业务端编程的领域专家系统,在此基础上提出了以领域专家系统为核心的启发式业务端编程方法.该方法在编程过程中依赖领域专家系统对最终用户推荐业务活动,提供实时指导,帮助最终用户逐步完成应用系统的构造.最后对该方法的有效性进行了定性的评估和分析,结果表明,基于贝叶斯网的业务端编程方法可以在一定程度上提高最终用户编程的效率.     

非英语专业新生大学英语学习策略初探

本文以国内外第二语言学习策略相关理论为基础,对非英语专业新生英语学习策略的使用情况进行了问卷调查,通过实证性研究分析,摸清了非英语专业新生的英语学习策略总体使用情况,以及学习策略的使用与性别的关系,并就如何培养非英语专业新生大学英语学习策略进行了初步探讨。     

影响我国高校开展武术活动的主要因素

通过文献资料对我国高校开展武术活动的影响因素进行了探讨分析。研究发现大学生武术人口;学生认识水平;师资状况;经济和环境等因素对高校开展武术活动有一定的影响。提出了应从大学生认识观念、教师的引导作用、师资队伍建设、改进教学方法、实现"以人为本"的武术教学目标等方面入手进行强化建设。