GH4169磨削表面粗糙度影响参数的敏感性研究

通过GH4169高温合金平面切入磨削实验,建立了表面粗糙度的经验公式,分析了表面粗糙度对磨削参数的灵敏度,获得了磨削参数稳定域和非稳定域。结合正交试验法中的极差分析方法获得了不同磨削参数对表面粗糙度的影响曲线,进行了磨削参数区间的优选。研究结果表明:表面粗糙度对磨削深度的变化最为敏感,对工件速度的变化敏感次之,对砂轮速度的变化最不敏感;磨削深度优选范围为0.01～0.015mm,工件速度优选范围为10～15m/min,砂轮速度优选范围为20～30m/s,可控制表面粗糙度在0.7μm以内。为高温合金材料磨削表面粗糙度控制提供理论方法和试验依据。     

LES of film cooling for different jet fluids

The present paper investigates the impact of the velocity and density ratio on the turbulent mixing process in gas turbine blade film cooling.A cooling fluid is injected from an inclined pipe at α=30° into a turbulent boundary layer profile at a freestream Reynolds number of Re∞=400000.This jet-in-a-crossflow(JICF) problem is investigated using large-eddy simulations(LES).The governing equations comprise the Navier-Stokes equations plus additional transport equations for several species to simulate a non-reacting gas mixture.A variation of the density ratio is simulated by the heat-mass transfer analogy,i.e.,gases of different density are effused into an an air crossflow at a constant temperature.An efficient large-eddy simulation method for low subsonic flows based on an implicit dual time-stepping scheme combined with low Mach number preconditioning is applied.The numerical results and experimental velocity data measured using two-component particle-image velocimetry (PIV) are in excellent agreement.The results show the dynamics of the flow field in the vicinity of the jet hole,i.e.,the recirculation region and the inclination of the shear layers,to be mainly determined by the velocity ratio.However,evaluating the cooling efficiency downstream of the jet hole the mass flux ratio proves to be the dominant similarity parameter,i.e.,the density ratio between the fluids and the velocity ratio have to be considered.      

积云对流参数化方案对东亚夏季风模拟对比

利用MM5模式对比5种不同积云对流参数化方案,即Kuo方案、Grell方案、Kain-Fritsch方案、Betts-Miller方案和赵思雄修改的Kuo方案对东亚季风区强、弱季风年夏季风的模拟能力。结果表明:5种对流参数化方案对各季节都有一定的模拟能力,各个方案对降雨的预报能力随地区和年际而有所不同,对强季风年grell和bm方案对雨带特征的描述较好,对弱季风年bm和zhao方案对雨带的模拟与实际最为接近。     

出口宽高比及旋流角对双涵道S弯喷管温度分布的影响

采用数值方法研究了出口宽高比及旋流角对基于真实排气混合器构型的双涵道S弯喷管内/外流场温度分布的影响.结果显示:在圆转方弯曲构型的作用下,波瓣混合器及尾锥诱导产生的流向涡在第二弯通道及等直段内部卷吸着热流冲击S弯喷管壁面形成"热斑".在完全遮挡高温部件准则的约束下,随着出口宽高比的增加,S弯喷管壁面的"热斑"温度先增大...     

燃烧加热类高超声速高温风洞流场校测与评估

为建立统一的燃烧加热类高超声速高温风洞流场品质评价标准,针对国内6座不同喷管出口直径的燃烧加热类高超声速高温风洞,从统一的皮托压探针、总温探针和流场校测排架设计出发,分别研制了流场校测装置,完成了典型试验状态的流场校测试验。根据相同的数据处理和分析方法得到了相关风洞喷管出口截面的速度场、温度场及均匀区信息。6座风洞速度场均匀区直径分别对应喷管出口直径的73.3%、76.5%、75.0%、80.0%、74.7%、83.3%。根据各风洞流场校测结果,初步掌握了国内同类型风洞流场品质整体水平,提出了当前燃烧加热类高超声速高温风洞流场品质参考评价指标。对于马赫数4.5~6.0的试验状态,风洞速度场均匀区直径应不小于喷管出口直径的70%,均匀区内马赫数标准偏差与平均马赫数的比值应小于2%,总温标准偏差与平均总温的比值应小于5%。     

平板空气舵干扰区烧蚀凹陷对热环境影响

针对高速飞行条件下空气舵干扰区烧蚀产生的局部凹陷对气动加热的影响问题,建立了平板-空气舵流动模型,针对典型高速飞行状态,采用高温热化学非平衡数值模拟,研究了空气舵缝隙区的流动结构和气动加热规律,并对舵缝干扰区的烧蚀外形进行了模化,分析了干扰区烧蚀凹陷对流动结构和气动加热的影响,结果表明:烧蚀凹陷改变了干扰区压力分布规律...     

Actors of the main activity in large complex centres during the 23 solar cycle maximum

During the maximum of Solar Cycle 23, large active regions had a long life, spanning several solar rotations, and produced large numbers of X-class flares and CMEs, some of them associated to magnetic clouds (MCs). This is the case for the Halloween active regions in 2003. The most geoeffective MC of the cycle (Dst = −457) had its source during the disk passage of one of these active regions (NOAA 10501) on 18 November 2003. Such an activity was presumably due to continuous emerging magnetic flux that was observed during this passage. Moreover, the region exhibited a complex topology with multiple domains of different magnetic helicities. The complexity was observed to reach such unprecedented levels that a detailed multi-wavelength analysis is necessary to precisely identify the solar sources of CMEs and MCs. Magnetic clouds are identified using in situ measurements and interplanetary scintillation (IPS) data. Results from these two different sets of data are also compared.     

Connection between winter mesopause region temperatures and diurnal LF reflection height variations measured at Collm

Scale height, H, estimates are calculated from the decrease/increase of ionospheric virtual reflection heights of low-frequency (LF) radio waves at oblique incidence in suitably defined morning intervals around sunrise during winter months. The day-to-day variations of H qualitatively agree with daily mean temperature variations around 90 km from meteor radar measurements. Since mesospheric long-period temperature variations are generally accepted to be the signature of atmospheric planetary waves, this shows that LF reflection height measurements can be used for monitoring the dynamics of the upper middle atmosphere. The long-term variations of monthly mean H estimates have also been analysed. There is no significant trend, which is in agreement with other measurements of mesopause region temperature trends.     

一种VLBI数字基带转换器的设计与研究

数字基带转换器在VLBI系统中主要完成中频信号的基带转换和频段选择,文中采用频域抽取和邻信道合并技术设计一种VLBI数字基带转换器。采用该方法设计的转换器具有比较平坦的通带特性和较大的阻带衰减,能够方便地实现带宽的动态变化。文中对频域抽取进行理论推导论证,并根据邻信道合并的条件,详细说明了原型低通滤波器的设计方法,最后通过仿真验证了新方法的有效性。     

空间多目标拦截交会平台停泊轨道设计优化

针对空间多目标交会(拦截)平台停泊轨道设计问题,定义有效交会(拦截)区作为衡量平台交会(拦截)目标能力的指标,提出并建立了该类空间平台停泊轨道设计优化和分析模型,采用多岛遗传算法(MGA),以有效交会(拦截)区的最大化作为优化目标,以可交会(拦截)目标的数目和子飞行器轨道转移所需要的脉冲速度增量等为约束条件,对该类平台停泊轨道要素和子飞行器变轨时机进行综合设计优化。将上述模型和算法用于两空间平台设计中,一个是针对低轨2目标的交会平台,另一个是针对中轨3目标的拦截平台,得到合理的结果,表明所提出的设计优化模型以及选择的寻优算法是有效的。