某型航空发动机进气压力畸变试验研究

针对飞机在大攻角飞行时易引起进气道和发动机进口流场畸变的情况,对某型发动机的综合抗进气压力畸变能力进行了整机试验研究。试验采用插板式畸变模拟器研究发动机综合抗总压畸变能力,获得了各规定风扇换算转速下发动机临界畸变指数,完成了畸变条件下遭遇加速试验,发动机过渡态工作正常。结果表明:该试验方案可行、数据可靠、结果有效,该型发动机满足飞机/发动机相容性试验要求。     

基于微波辐射测量的电波折射修正技术

针对电波折射修正精度直接影响无线电系统的探测和定位精度这一问题,提出了利用微波辐射计反演大气折射率剖面进行电波折射修正的解决方法,并引入RBF（Radial Basis Function,径向基）神经网络算法反演大气折射率.在青岛市气象局架设MP-3000A型多通道微波辐射计,开展了长达1个月的与探空数据的联合观测比对实验,对输出的大气折射率剖面进行了详细的分析.实验结果表明：RBF神经网络算法与MP-3000A自带的神经网络算法相比,反演大气折射率剖面的精度提高了30％以上,同时,电波折射修正的精度也得以提高.因此,利用微波辐射计反演大气折射率剖面进行电波折射修正方法可行.     

45°周向压力畸变对轴流压气机影响的实验研究和机理分析

设计了一种45°周向压力畸变模拟发生器, 并在某高速轴流压气机实验台进行了实验研究.在中等转速下, 详细研究了45°周向压力畸变对该轴流压气机级的转子的性能影响, 以及整个轴流压气机级(转子进口、转子出口和静子出口)的压力周向分布.研究结果表明, 在中等转速下, 畸变区的范围在转子出口转移和扩大并不明显, 但是在静子出口扩大了近100%;在转子出口畸变强度明显增强, 而在静子出口强度衰减;与均匀进气的情况相比, 压气机转子压比提高了1.8%, 近失速点换算质量流量减小了2.5%.      

发动机在进气温度畸变条件下的特性研究

为定量获得某发动机在温度畸变条件下的特性,采用有效的畸变传递模型,就进气温度畸变对某发动机稳定性和性能的影响进行了较深入的数值研究。详细地计算了温度畸变对发动机稳定性和性能的影响结果,讨论了温度畸变作用下该发动机的多种重要特性。结果表明,所研究的三组温升率均超过了临界温升率,临界高温区范围为180°;温度敏感系数均在统计范围之内,表明该发动机具有较好的抗温度畸变能力。而在上限温度畸变作用下,发动机必须使用防喘系统。     

小展弦比飞翼标模尾部畸变影响试验研究

在飞翼布局模型风洞试验中,为实现尾部支撑需对模型进行尾部修形。为摸清飞翼布局模型局部外形畸变的影响规律,本文在 FL-14风洞对某小展弦比飞翼布局原始模型和尾部外形畸变模型进行了试验研究,采用增量法获得了尾部外形畸变的影响规律,并与国内三座低速风洞的三种支撑装置的近／远场支架干扰进行了对比分析。研究结果表明：小侧滑角时,在小迎角范围内尾部畸变影响量显著大于支架干扰量,在中大迎角范围则与支架干扰量级相当;畸变横向影响量较大,且随侧滑角增大而增大。所以应对全机的试验结果进行正确的“畸变”修正,或对尾部畸变外形进行优化,以减小畸变的影响。     

Influence of SPS casing treatment on axial flow compressor subjected to radial pressure distortion

The present work is about the stall margin enhancement ability of a kind of stall precursor-suppressed (SPS) casing treatment when fan/compressor suffers from a radial total pres-sure inlet distortion. Experimental researches are conducted on a low-speed compressor with and without SPS casing treatment under radial distorted inlet flow of different levels as well as uniform inlet flow. The distorted flow fields of different levels are generated by annular distortion flow gen-erators of different heights. The characteristic curves under these conditions are measured and ana-lyzed. The results show that the radial inlet distortion could cause a stall margin loss from 2% to 30% under different distorted levels. The SPS casing treatment could remedy this stall margin loss under small distortion level and only partly make up the stall margin loss caused by distortion in large level without leading to perceptible additional efficiency loss and obvious change of charac-teristic curves. The pre-stall behavior of the compressor is investigated to reveal the mechanism of this stall margin improvement ability of the SPS casing treatment. The results do show that this casing treatment delays the occurrence of rotating stall by weakening the pressure perturbations and suppressing the nonlinear amplification of the stall precursor waves in the compression system.     

Adaptive feedback control of stability in an axial compressor with circumferential inlet distortion

The adaptive feedback control of stability with circumferential inlet distortion has been experimentally investigated in a low-speed, axial compressor. The flat-baffles with different span heights are used to simulate different distorted inflow cases. Compared with auto-correlation and root-mean-square analysis, cross-correlation analysis used to predict early stall warning does not depend on the distortion position. Hence, the cross-correlation coefficient was used to monitor the stable status of the compressor and provide the feedback signal in the active control strategy when suffering from different distortions. Based on the stall margin improvement of tip air injection obtained under different distorted inflow cases and the sensitivity analysis of cross-correlation coefficients to injected momentum ratios, tip air injection was adopted as the actuator for adaptive feedback control. The digital signal processing controller was designed and applied to achieve adaptive feedback control in distorted inflow conditions. The results show that the adaptive feedback control of air injection nearly achieves the same stall margin improvement as steady air injection under different distortion intensities with a reduced injection mass flow. Thus, the proposed adaptive feedback control method is ideal for the engine operation with circumferential distorted inflow, which frequently occurs in flight.