Trajectory Tracking Control for a GMM Actuator Based on a Heuristic ILC Method

A heuristic iterative learning control （ILC） method is presented and applied to the trajectory tracking control of a giant magnetostrictive material （GMM） actuator. A GMM actuator is used as experimental equipment for micro-displacement trajectory tracking control. The advantage of the presented approach lies in quitting the model of the GMM actuator. The experimental results attest to the high efficiency of the presented method for the micro-displacement trajectory tracking control.     

某型航天器推力矢量控制伺服机构的设计理论

针对某型航天器对伺服机构的要求,设计了推力矢量控制伺服机构.通过比较液压、气动和电动3种类型伺服机构的特点,选择了电动伺服机构.研究了包括机电作动器设计、驱动控制技术和冗余技术等电动伺服机构的3项关键技术.建立了双冗余电动伺服机构的二自由度动力学模型,对其动态性能进行了仿真研究.理论分析和仿真结果证明:电动伺服机构的方案设计合理可行,不仅满足航天器高可靠性、良好维护性等基本要求,而且满足控制系统的动态性能指标要求.     

等离子体合成射流的理论模型与重频激励特性

等离子体合成射流(PSJ)具有激励强度大、响应速度快等优点,在超声速流动控制领域应用前景广阔。鉴于此,基于传热学和气体动力学的相关理论,建立了考虑喉道内部气流惯性、腔体内外热交换以及吸气恢复阶段的PSJ全周期理论模型,实现了射流速度峰值时刻、吸气过程和振荡过程等关键特性的预测。基于该模型,分析了等离子体合成射流激励器的重复频率工作特点,研究了能量沉积、激励频率和射流孔径对于重频激励特性的影响。重频条件下,激励器存在过渡和稳定两种典型状态。过渡状态下,腔内平均温度不断升高、射流速度峰值逐渐增大。稳定状态下,腔内气体参数呈周期性变化。随着能量沉积和激励频率的增加,激励器腔体内壁温度、射流速度峰值和时均冲力均增加。受腔体材料耐温极限的制约,激励器存在安全工作的参数区间(SOA)。随着孔径的增加,SOA增大,但稳定工作状态下的射流速度峰值和射流持续时间减小。     

Active fault tolerant control for vertical tail damaged aircraft with dissimilar redundant actuation system

This paper proposes an active fault-tolerant control strategy for an aircraft with dissim-ilar redundant actuation system (DRAS) that has suffered from vertical tail damage. A damage degree coefficient based on the effective vertical tail area is introduced to parameterize the damaged flight dynamic model. The nonlinear relationship between the damage degree coefficient and the corresponding stability derivatives is considered. Furthermore, the performance degradation of new input channel with electro-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) is also taken into account in the dam-aged flight dynamic model. Based on the accurate damaged flight dynamic model, a composite method of linear quadratic regulator (LQR) integrating model reference adaptive control (MRAC) is proposed to reconfigure the fault-tolerant control law. The numerical simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed fault-tolerant control strategy with accurate flight dynamic model. The results also indicate that aircraft with DRAS has better fault-tolerant control ability than the traditional ones when the vertical tail suffers from serious damage.     

考虑舵机动力学的舵系统颤振特性分析

飞行器舵面的颤振特性与舵机动态特性有很大关系.提出了2种考虑舵机复刚度颤振分析的工程分析方法,第1种方法思想是对舵面和舵机的耦合系统(下文称舵系统)模型在各种来流速度下进行状态矩阵的稳定性判断,称为时域方法;第2种方法是将舵机复刚度特性包含在频域颤振方程中,使用改进的V-g法求解该方程得到舵系统颤振特性,称为频域方法.通过对舵系统模型算例的数值计算验证了方法的可行性;发现传统的按扭转频率进行舵机刚度等效的舵面颤振工程计算方法的结果相对于该方法有较大差别.说明当舵机动力学特性较差时,在舵面颤振分析中考虑舵机复刚度特性是很有必要的.     

基于故障建模的双余度舵机故障诊断技术

针对双余度舵机系统结构复杂、故障诊断困难的问题,提出了根据故障模型反向推理的故障诊断方法.在充分考虑各元件失效机理的基础上,将故障注入闭环系统建立典型故障模型.故障模型仿真了不同元件故障如何导致系统性能下降甚至完全失效.基于故障模型的仿真结果,对可观测到的异常状况进行分类和逆向推理归纳出故障诊断方法,并利用数学公式对一些故障量化评估.该诊断方法涵盖系统各元件,可快速定位故障元件,判断失效原因并进行定量分析,而且算法简单易于工程实现.      

合成双射流控制NACA0015翼型大攻角流动分离试验研究

设计了一种卧式合成双射流激励器(DSJA),并对其在翼展中段控制NACA0015翼型大攻角流动完全分离进行试验研究,分析了合成双射流激励器两射流出口位置及射流能量对控制机翼流动分离的影响规律。结果表明:合成双射流激励器对机翼大攻角流动分离具有很强的控制能力,可显著提高机翼流动分离攻角;合成双射流激励器两射流出口相对分离点的位置是影响控制效果的重要参数;合成双射流激励器两出口任一出口位于分离点之前,且越靠近分离点,其对边界层分离的控制效果越好,并且当分离点位于合成双射流激励器两出口之间,且离第一出口位置较近时,合成双射流"接力"控制机翼分离的效果更加明显;与合成射流"单射流"相比,合成双射流"两射流"对分离点位置的有效控制区域明显增大。此外,提高合成双射流激励器的射流能量,其控制机翼流动分离的能力提高。     

航空机电作动器的混合整流全状态反馈控制

研究了一种适用于多电飞机供电系统的新型混合整流电路,并针对航空机电作动器负载特殊的用电特性,提出了一种基于全状态反馈的混合整流控制方法,在保证整流效果的同时,解决了负载功率短时大范围变化引起的直流电压不稳定问题。这种新型混合整流电路将二极管整流电路和脉宽调制(PWM)整流电路并联输出接负载,两者共同承担有功功率且比例可控,通过适当控制PWM电路达到网侧低谐波的目的,且当负载制动时,能量可以回馈交流侧电网。建立了混合整流器的线性化全状态数学模型,设计了基于线性二次型(LQR)最优化理论的全状态反馈控制策略。通过在MATLAB/Simulink下的建模与仿真,比较了全状态反馈控制方法与传统三状态反馈控制方法,并在机电作动器样机上进行了实验验证。仿真和实验结果表明,采用全状态反馈控制的新型混合整流方案对于功率大范围变化负载具有更好的控制性能。     

Numerical investigation of aerodynamic flow actuation produced by surface plasma actuator on 2D oscillating airfoil

Numerical simulation of unsteady flow control over an oscillating NACA0012 airfoil is investigated. Flow actuation of a turbulent flow over the airfoil is provided by low current DC surface glow discharge plasma actuator which is analytically modeled as an ion pressure force produced in the cathode sheath region. The modeled plasma actuator has an induced pressure force of about 2 k Pa under a typical experiment condition and is placed on the airfoil surface at 0% chord length and/or at 10% chord length. The plasma actuator at deep-stall angles(from 5° to 25°) is able to slightly delay a dynamic stall and to weaken a pressure fluctuation in down-stroke motion. As a result, the wake region is reduced. The actuation effect varies with different plasma pulse frequencies, actuator locations and reduced frequencies. A lift coefficient can increase up to 70% by a selective operation of the plasma actuator with various plasma frequencies and locations as the angle of attack changes. Active flow control which is a key advantageous feature of the plasma actuator reveals that a dynamic stall phenomenon can be controlled by the surface plasma actuator with less power consumption if a careful control scheme of the plasma actuator is employed with the optimized plasma pulse frequency and actuator location corresponding to a dynamic change in reduced frequency.     

积分滑模控制在飞艇舵面故障中的应用

针对飞艇运动姿态的小扰动模型,利用极点配置方法设计了积分滑模控制器。对飞艇"×"型舵面出现的故障,给出了期望的特征根,并选择合适的特征向量来构造积分滑模面。给出了一种快速的趋近律形式,并证明了其稳定性。仿真结果表明,与PD控制器相比,积分滑模控制器能使飞艇的运动姿态保持良好。