基于遗传算法的全球导航星座重构研究

全球卫星导航系统在部分卫星失效的情况下会引起地面导航性能下降甚至造成导航服务中断,但卫星数量众多的全球导航星座本身具有一定冗余性,在少数卫星失效时可以通过调整剩余工作卫星的轨道来降低失效影响。这种星座重构的维护方式具有快速响应故障和故障针对性强的特点。在星座重构中涉及到选取调整卫星及其轨道参数的问题。分析了用遗传算法实现星座重构方案优化的编码、适应度选取和进化过程,利用C 结合STK和GALIB完成了对24MEO 4GEO构成的全球导航星座在3颗以下MEO卫星失效时的星座重构方案优化,并对多种星座重构的轨道机动方案进行了对比。     

热化学非平衡流动红外辐射计算分析

首先通过求解热化学非平衡N-S方程的数值模拟方法,获得高焓风洞钝锥体模型的绕流及近尾的高温流场参数.然后从辐射传输方程出发,采用带辐射模型,并利用所获得的流场参数,计算分析了高温流场在λ=3μm-6μm红外波段的辐射,计算和测量结果具有较好的一致性.该项研究为今后进一步研究高温非平衡气体辐射特性奠定了基础.     

卫星舱内两类剂量计测量结果的比较

本文利用1994年和1996年两次返回式卫星的搭载条件对舱内辐射剂量进行了对比测量．通过对比测量,研究不同掺杂、不同厚度LiF剂量计测量空间辐射剂量的特点;研究GM计数管计数和LiF剂量间的转换系数以及转换系数随屏蔽状况的变化;由剂量和GM计数研究粒子平均碰撞阻止本领的估计方法．结果表明,不同掺杂、不同厚度的LiF剂量计测量结果间无显著差异,而转换系数几乎不受舱内位置和屏蔽状态的影响．不同厚度LiF剂量计,不同屏蔽状态的GM计数管计数和剂量—计数转换系数的比较研究以及对粒子平均碰撞阻止本领的估计表明,舱内辐射剂量起决定作用的是高能粒子成分,其平均碰撞阻止本领估计约为5MeV／cm．     

气膜出流对叶片内表面换热系数影响的实验研究和计算

本文用实验和数值计算的方法研究了气膜出流对通道内壁换热系数分布的影响,研究的重点是在三维湍流状况下气膜孔间距比的变化和进气雷诺数等因素的影响规律。研究结果表明:在所研究的范围内,湍流对流换热系数比层流换热系数有数量级上的增加,换热系数随着雷诺数的增大而增大,孔间距比的变化对换热系数的影响不是单调的,内壁的换热特性在孔的间距比变化时并没有明显的变化。      

指式封严结构中气流流动与传热特性分析

研究了指式封严结构中气流流动与传热特性。将封严组片区域视为多孔介质,以摩擦热为热源,建立计算模型。计算结果表明：封严区域最高温度出现在指尖靴后部与转子摩擦接触面;在压差和转速一定时,封严区域最高温度随安装过盈量的增大而升高;在过盈量和压差一定时,最高温度随转子转速的增大而升高;但随着压差的增大,结果与之相反。研究结果可为指式封严的结构设计和接触副材料选择和安装方式提供参考。     

太阳能火箭发动机吸热/推力室流场及性能计算

首先对某大型太阳能火箭发动机(Solar Thermal Propulsion:STP)的实验情况,进行了结构分析和基本实验条件估算.然后利用FLUENT计算软件,采用等壁温模型,对其吸热/推力室的内部流动、传 热情况,以及STP的性能特征等进行了计算,计算结果与实验数据一致,这对STP的设计有重要的指导意义.     

Space-radiation-induced photon luminescence of the Moon

We report on the results of a continuing study of the photon luminescence of the Moon induced by Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) and space radiation from the Sun, using the Monte Carlo program FLUKA. Understanding the space radiation environment is critical to future exploration of the Moon, and this includes photons. The model of the lunar surface is taken to be the chemical composition of soils found at various landing sites during the Apollo and Luna programs, averaged over all such sites to define a generic regolith for the present analysis. This surface model then becomes the target that is bombarded by Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) and Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) or Solar Particle Events (SPEs) above 1 keV in FLUKA to determine the photon fluence albedo produced by the Moon’s surface when there is no sunlight and Earthshine. The result is to be distinguished from the gamma-ray spectrum produced by the radioactive decay of radiogenic constituents lying in the surface and interior of the Moon. From the photon fluence we derive the spectrum which can be utilized to examine existing lunar spectral data and to aid future orbiting instrumentation in the measurement of various components of the space-radiation-induced photon luminescence present on the Moon.     

离心力场下多孔介质中热驱动换热的实验

以涡轮叶片新型超级冷却技术的研究为背景,在具有冷却通道的新型冷却结构中加入多孔介质,用实验的方法,模拟了离心力场下该新型冷却结构的热驱动换热现象,并与无多孔介质的情况进行了比较。实验结果表明:随着旋转速度、热流密度和冷气进口速度的增大,装有多孔介质的新型冷却结构的热驱动换热能力逐渐增强。同时实验研究发现,加入多孔介质后该新型冷却结构比未加多孔介质时具有更好的换热效果。      

Artificial equilibrium points and bi-impulsive maneuvers to observe 243 Ida

In the restricted three-body problem, the traditional Lagrange points L₁ and L₂ are the only equilibrium points near the asteroid 243 Ida. The thrust generated by a solar sail over a spacecraft enables the existence of new artificial equilibrium points, which depend on the position of the spacecraft with respect to the asteroid and the attitude of the solar sail. Such equilibrium points generate new spots to observe the body from above or below the plane of motion. Such points are very good observational locations due to their stationary condition. This work provides a preliminary analysis to observe Ida through the use of artificial equilibrium points as spots combined with transfer maneuvers between them. Such combination can be used to observe the asteroid from more different points of view in comparison to fixed ones. The analyses are made for a spacecraft equipped with a solar sail and capable of performing bi-impulsive maneuvers. The solar radiation pressure is used both to maintain the equilibrium condition and to reduce the costs of the transfers and/or to create transfers with longer duration. This is a new aspect of the present research, because it combines the continuous thrust with initial and final small impulses, which are feasible for most of the spacecraft, because the magnitudes of the impulses are very low. These combined maneuvers may reduce the transfer times of the maneuvers in most of the cases, compared with the maneuvers based only on continuous thrust. Several options involved in these transfers are shown, like to minimize the fuel spent ($\mathrm{\Delta }\mathit{v}$) as a function of the transfer time or to extend the duration of the travel between the points. Extended transfer times can be useful when observations are required during the transfers.     

生物组织中光场分布的有限元分析

基于对脑组织多层结构特殊性的认识,将有限元方法应用到脑组织的光场分布模拟研究中,即通过区域划分和分片插值确定基函数,并根据变分原理推导了辐射传输方程在边界条件下的泛函,进而得到每个单元的特征式和整个场的联立方程式,可求解联立方程式得到光场分布的模拟结果.最后,进一步讨论了有限元方法的合理性选择问题,给出有限元方法的适用条件是吸收系数远小于散射系数的生物组织.将此方法和蒙特卡罗方法模拟的光场分布进行比较,结果表明,有限元方法对脑组织内的光场分布模拟相当精确,同时模拟所用的时间大大缩短.