Material selection for a CubeSat structural bus complying with debris mitigation

The increasing number of commercial, technological and scientific missions for CubeSats poses several concerns about the topic of space junk and debris mitigation. As no regulation is currently in place, innovative solutions are needed to mitigate the impact that Low Earth Orbit objects can have during uncontrolled re-entry and the associated potential events of surface collision. We investigated the requirements, in terms of materials selection, for the development of a 3D-printed structural bus able to withstand loads during launch and in-orbit operations, with the objectives to be as light as possible and requiring the least amount of heat for demise during atmospheric re-entry. The selection indicated magnesium alloys as the best candidates to improve the reference material, aluminium 6061 T6, resulting in both mass-reduction and improved demisability. We also analysed how the relative importance of these two objectives can modify the selection of materials: if minimizing the heat to disintegration were valued more highly than lightness, for example, the new best candidates would become tin alloys. Our analysis, furthermore, suggested the importance of Liquid Crystal Polymer as the sole plastic material approaching the performance of the best metal choices. This contribution, thus, provides novel insight in the field of 3D-printed materials for the fast-growing CubeSat segment, complying with the debris mitigation initiatives promoted by space agencies and institutions.     

基于海杂波稀疏性与非均匀度的样本挑选方法

针对预警雷达对海监视面临海杂波分布非均匀与杂波样本受目标污染,导致自适应杂波抑制处理性能恶化和目标能量损失的问题,提出了一种基于海杂波稀疏性与非均匀度的样本挑选方法。该方法将目标的导向约束与广义内积样本挑选方法结合,先利用海杂波在空时二维平面上的稀疏分布特性,根据海杂波与目标空时二维分布差异剔除被目标污染的样本,再利用广义内积准则衡量海杂波分布的非均匀程度,并获取均匀样本,以提高杂波协方差矩阵的估计精度。仿真结果表明:所提方法能在提高杂波抑制性能的同时,减小目标信号能量损失。该方法可广泛应用于海面预警监视雷达系统。     

深空自主光学导航小行星筛选与规划方法研究

 深空探测器的自主光学导航是深空探测器自主的关键技术之一,而导航路标——小行星的选择与拍照序列的规划是深空探测自主导航的重要内容。基于探测Ivar小行星的设计方案,在导航小行星筛选方面,提出了基于小行星可见星等、距离、相对速度以及视线夹角的筛选准则,并利用综合评估的方式进行导航小行星的筛选;拍照序列规划方面,提出差额筛选的策略优化导航性价比,并利用改进的遗传算法进行规划。数学仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效地进行小行星的选择与拍照序列的规划。     

Research on the Algorithm of Avionic Device Fault Diagnosis Based on Fuzzy Expert System

Based on the fuzzy expert system fault diagnosis theory, the knowledge base architecture and inference engine algorithm are put forward for avionic device fault diagnosis. The knowledge base is constructed by fault query network, of which the basic element is the test-diagnosis fault unit. Every underlying fault cause’s membership degree is calculated using fuzzy product inference algorithm, and the fault answer best selection algorithm is developed, to which the deep knowledge is applied. Using some examples, the proposed algorithm is analyzed for its capability of synthesis diagnosis and its improvement compared to greater membership degree first principle.     

适配功率电机齿槽转矩削弱方法研究

为削弱适配功率电机齿槽转矩,提高该电机动力输出性能,提出了匹配相邻磁极极弧系数的方法。首先,运用麦克斯韦应力张量法和傅里叶分解求解适配功率电机齿槽转矩解析模型,并对不等极弧系数进行匹配组合,解析结果表明齿槽转矩削弱了35%左右。然后,采用全局优化算法对不等极弧系数进行全局寻优匹配,齿槽转矩进一步得到优化。最后,依据理论研究结果加工制作样机并进行试验,试验结果显示,齿槽转矩实测数据和优化结果相比,总体误差为5%左右,且整体趋势与优化曲线相符。因此,所提用于削弱适配功率电机齿槽转矩的方法是有效且可行的。     

应用MUSIC算法对抗多源的目标选择方法

为对抗多源干扰情况,可采用MUSIC空间谱测向技术来提高装备对多源的测向能力,但如何从多个信号源中正确选择出目标,仍是一个难题。为此,提出了一种通过获取多个信号源的能量来选择目标的方法。     

基于并行扩展卡尔曼滤波的自主卫星星座导航方法

针对星间距离测量容易受到外界干扰的问题,提出了一种适用于多颗地球卫星和一颗月球卫星的卫星星座自主导航的并行扩展卡尔曼滤波算法.通过解决噪声统计不确定情况下的测量调度问题来选择适当的测量,降低干扰的影响.为了自适应地选择适当的测量,提出一种基于不同来源的测量构造多个子集的并行扩展卡尔曼滤波器,其中每个扩展卡尔曼滤波器用于...     

高性能战斗机对“人－机”系统中人的因素的挑战与对策

针对高性能战斗机“人－机”系统中人的因素面临的挑战,根据国内外空军的发展动态,从４个方面提出了大力加强有关航空生理、心理学方面的研究,提高“人－机”系统整体效能的措施。     

我国自旋稳定通信卫星四种发展方案的比较

以国外自旋稳定通信卫星发展的技术途径为背景,比较了在“东方红二号甲”卫星技术的基础上进一步发展中国自旋稳定通信卫星的不同技术方案;说明方案的选择主要取决于对今后继续发展自旋稳定通信卫星的战略考虑。     

一种IGSO卫星轨道维持时的偏航角调整策略

针对倾斜地球同步轨道(IGSO)卫星的轨道维持问题,提出了在轨卫星在各种不同工况及约束下的偏航角调整策略。其目的在于减小偏航角的调整范围以及缩短偏航角调整时间,减小轨道维持过程对卫星业务连续性的影响。分析了偏航角的运动规律,以及升交点赤经对偏航角的影响。在此基础上,根据轨道维持时升交点赤经的不同、太阳高度角范围、轨道控制的时间约束、交叉点位置约束等不同情况,分别给出了卫星轨道维持时偏航角的调整方法及推力器选择方案。对于交叉点位置在中国境内的卫星,可以使偏航角调整范围不超过45°。此方法可应用于在轨卫星轨道维持管理的实践中。