一种永磁同步电机宽速域无传感器系统的控制策略

设计了一种改进型滑模观测器(SMO)实现永磁同步电机(PMSM)无传感器宽速域控制。使用反电动势观测器替代低通滤波器,避免了转子位置信息滞后的问题。在定子电流计算中引入随转速自适应调节反馈系数的反电动势反馈,减小了系统抖振,使宽速域下转子转速和位置估计更加精确。采用锁相环技术(PLL)来抑制高频信息,提取出准确的转子位置。基于dSPACE搭建了PMSM的快速控制原型试验平台,对无传感器控制系统进行了稳态和动态试验,结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

桨叶外形对共轴刚性旋翼悬停性能影响的CFD分析

桨叶外形是影响共轴刚性双旋翼直升机悬停性能的主要因素之一,研究其影响机理对提高共轴刚性旋翼的悬停性能具有重要意义。为了提高外形参数对旋翼气动特性影响的分析精度,首先,基于运动嵌套网格技术和可压RANS方程,建立了一套适用于共轴刚性双旋翼悬停流场模拟的CFD方法;然后,进行了悬停状态共轴旋翼流场气动特性的计算分析,得到上、下旋翼拉力和扭矩沿桨叶展向和周向的分布特征;最后,着重进行了桨叶平面外形参数对共轴刚性旋翼悬停性能影响的分析,包括后掠角、后掠起始位置及尖削非线性弦长分布等,得到不同参数下共轴刚性旋翼悬停效率和压强分布等特征。结果表明,桨尖后掠能够使负压中心外移,延缓气流分离,从而提高悬停效率;尖削及桨叶面积集中在中部段的非线性弦长分布能够有效对桨尖进行卸载,优化气动载荷分布,从而改善悬停性能。     

栅格翼高超音速气动力及气动热特性研究

本文采取有效的多块结构网格生成策略,对栅格翼导弹生成了高质量的贴体结构网格,并采用数值模拟的方法对高超音速栅格翼导弹气动力及气动热特性进行计算与分析。重点对比了3种不同翼剖面对高超音速气动力及热特性的影响。计算结果表明：对于统一的栅格翼外形,平板翼剖面力及热特性最差;圆弧头部翼剖面驻点热流密度最小;楔形+圆弧头部翼剖面阻力最小。     

某型涡轮轴发动机慢车转速故障分析

某高原型直升机所装用的发动机在起动过程中出现压气机涡轮转速不能自动加速进入慢车状态,压气机涡轮转速悬挂在慢车状态以下,应急关停发动机起动不成功的故障.通过对起动程序、燃油控制和温度校正原理的分析,得出该故障的产生原因为温度校正器感温筒失效,可通过更换感温筒来排除该故障.     

展向伸展速度对可变机翼颤振稳定性的影响

针对可伸展机翼,根据Timoshenko剪切梁理论建立具有展向速度的可伸展机翼在超音速气流作用下的振动控制方程,并对其进行无量纲化处理。采用Galerkin法得到机翼振动的特征方程并求得特征方程的数值解,在此基础上分析展向伸展速度对可伸展机翼的颤振临界速度的影响。同时引入罗斯-霍尔维茨判据分析机翼颤振的稳定性。计算结果发现展向伸展速度有利于提高机翼的颤振临界速度,机翼展长越小,提高效果越显著,并且机翼振动越稳定。     

小展弦比飞翼标模三座高速风洞气动力数据相关性研究

为研究飞翼布局模型在不同风洞的测力试验数据的相关性,分析飞翼布局模型风洞测力试验精度水平,为以融合体飞翼布局为代表的未来作战飞机气动力试验精度提供参考,采用同一台测力天平及外形相同的尾支杆在国内三座1．2 m 风洞中对小展弦比飞翼标模进行了重复性试验和对比试验。试验结果表明,小展弦比飞翼标模风洞测力试验精度及不同风洞数据相关性与飞翼布局流动特性关系较大,在小迎角附着流状态,不同风洞的数据相关性较好,测力精度较高,随着迎角的增加,飞翼布局背风面前缘涡会发生破裂,涡破裂后不同风洞的数据相关性和试验精度都有不同程度的降低。跨声速条件下由于飞翼布局背风面复杂的流动特性,使得其试验精度较超声速略差。不同风洞数据的差异主要体现在升力特性拐点起始迎角、近声速附近马赫数的零升阻力系数和零升迎角方面。     

Tool wear during high speed turning in situ TiCp/TiBw hybrid reinforced Ti-6Al-4V matrix composite

Chipping, adhesive wear, abrasive wear and crater wear are prevalent for both the polycrystalline diamond(PCD) and the carbide tools during high speed turning of TiC_p/TiB_w hybrid reinforced Ti-6Al-4V(TC4) matrix composite(TMCs). The combined effects of abrasive wear and diffusion wear caused the big crater on PCD and carbide tool rake face. Compared to the PCD, bigger size of crater was found on the carbide tool due to much higher cutting temperature and the violent chemical reaction between the Ti element in the workpiece and the WC in the tool.However, the marks of the abrasive wear looked much slighter or even could not be observed on the carbide tool especially when low levels of cutting parameters were used, which attributes to much lower hardness and smaller size of WC combined with more significant chemical degradation of carbide. When cutting TC4 using PCD tool, notch wear was the most significant wear pattern which was not found when cutting the TMCs. However, chipping, adhesive wear and crater wear were much milder when compared to the cutting of titanium matrix composite. Due to the absence of abrasive wear when cutting TC4, the generated titanium carbide on the PCD protected the tool from fast wear, which caused that the tool life for TC4 was 6–10 times longer than that for TMCs.     

高速水流冲击弹性边界结构问题的试验研究

针对水下航行体出水过程空泡溃灭问题,依据水发射试验装置,设计一套试验方案,研究高速水流冲击弹性边界结构的现象.研究结果表明:高速水流冲击弹性边界时,随着弹性边界工装厚度的增加,压力脉冲脉宽逐渐减小,压力脉冲幅值逐渐增大,其增大部分主要是由于刚度较大产生的高频振荡部分.将数据分析频率窗口降低至500Hz,去掉高频振荡成分...     

Pressure wave propagation characteristics in a two-phase flow pipeline for liquid-propellant rocket

The aim of this paper is to investigate the pressure wave propagation behavior in LOX/kerosene rocket engine pump pipeline. A pressure wave propagation model for gas–liquid two-phase flow with phase change taken into consideration is first proposed by using ensemble-averaging techniques. Then condensation of gas oxygen in subcooled liquid oxygen and the corresponding mixing process in pump pipeline are numerically simulated with the application of thermal phase change model in Computational Fluid Dynamics code CFX. Finally, based on the established model and the predicted flow parameters, pressure wave in gas–liquid pipeline flow, characterized by the propagation speed and the attenuation coefficient, is studied by personally compiled code on MATLAB. The calculation results indicate that the propagation speed of two-phase pressure wave first slightly falls and then increases with the decreasing void fraction along the flow direction, and the increase of angular frequency causes the propagation speed and the attenuation coefficient of two-phase pressure wave to increase. The vapor bubble diameter, mass flow rate and inlet temperature of gas oxygen are shown to have strong effects on the mixing flow condensation process of gas oxygen and liquid oxygen. Bubble with larger diameter can weaken the condensation process, and leads to greater cross-sectional mean void fraction of gas oxygen. This phenomenon results in an overall decrease in pressure wave propagation speed and an increase in attenuation coefficient except for the short slug-flow region located at the pipeline inlet. Similar effects can also be achieved by increasing the mass flow rate or the inlet temperature of gas oxygen.     

主燃油调节器加速控制器挡板活门故障分析及预防措施

针对因挡板活门失效而导致发动机试车不成功或在飞行中出现故障的情况,从挡板活门的构造、修理、装配、调试等方面入手,分析故障原因,并提出了相应的预防措施。