HTPB固体燃料冲压发动机流场仿真与燃速分析

基于守恒方程建立了固体燃料冲压发动机燃速仿真模型,采用二维轴对称模型和二方程化学反应模型开展了HTPB(端羟基聚丁二烯)固体燃料冲压发动机流场数值仿真,分析了不同空气来流条件对流场分布及燃速的影响.结果表明:火焰层在氧气和固体燃料壁面之间形成,随着来流空气流量和空气总温的增加,火焰层厚度变薄并向固体燃料壁面侧移动;随着发动机轴向位置的增加,燃速先迅速增加后缓慢增加,最后在补燃室附近快速减小,变化趋势与文献中试验结果吻合较好;固体燃料平均燃速随来流空气总温及发动内空气流率的增加而增大,并根据仿真结果拟合得到了燃速公式.      

Remote sensing and GIS-based landslide hazard analysis and cross-validation using multivariate logistic regression model on three test areas in Malaysia

This paper presents the results of the cross-validation of a multivariate logistic regression model using remote sensing data and GIS for landslide hazard analysis on the Penang, Cameron, and Selangor areas in Malaysia. Landslide locations in the study areas were identified by interpreting aerial photographs and satellite images, supported by field surveys. SPOT 5 and Landsat TM satellite imagery were used to map landcover and vegetation index, respectively. Maps of topography, soil type, lineaments and land cover were constructed from the spatial datasets. Ten factors which influence landslide occurrence, i.e., slope, aspect, curvature, distance from drainage, lithology, distance from lineaments, soil type, landcover, rainfall precipitation, and normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi), were extracted from the spatial database and the logistic regression coefficient of each factor was computed. Then the landslide hazard was analysed using the multivariate logistic regression coefficients derived not only from the data for the respective area but also using the logistic regression coefficients calculated from each of the other two areas (nine hazard maps in all) as a cross-validation of the model. For verification of the model, the results of the analyses were then compared with the field-verified landslide locations. Among the three cases of the application of logistic regression coefficient in the same study area, the case of Selangor based on the Selangor logistic regression coefficients showed the highest accuracy (94%), where as Penang based on the Penang coefficients showed the lowest accuracy (86%). Similarly, among the six cases from the cross application of logistic regression coefficient in other two areas, the case of Selangor based on logistic coefficient of Cameron showed highest (90%) prediction accuracy where as the case of Penang based on the Selangor logistic regression coefficients showed the lowest accuracy (79%). Qualitatively, the cross application model yields reasonable results which can be used for preliminary landslide hazard mapping.     

基于查表的开环MPM预失真器

提出了一种基于查表的开环记忆多项式模型(MPM,Memory Polynomial Model)预失真器.从MPM预失真器系数估计和执行信号预失真处理两方面加以考虑.首先,利用预失真器和高功率放大器(HPA,High Power Amplifier)传输特性的互补性,由采集到的HPA输入、输出基带数据进行单次最小二乘估计得到MPM预失真器的系数,避免了以往递归结构的收敛性和计算量大等问题.然后,利用MPM预失真器的特点,建立了基于输入信号强度索引的一维向量表,通过查表实现MPM预失真器的幂次累加项,极大地减少了实现预失真器所需的计算量及硬件开销.仿真显示,采用提出的预失真器可以有效补偿HPA对信号的记忆非线性失真,有效带宽内获得了近20 dB的功率改善,也显著改善了系统误码性能.     

运动基航天飞行模拟器信号缩比策略

对于大幅值的输入信号,三阶多项式缩比法易产生信号畸变且参数配置复杂;而Hermite缩比函数法的触发速度较慢.提出两种改进的缩比方法:基于三阶多项式缩比法的最优参数配置法和加入线性缩比的非线性缩比法.前一种方法通过参数的优化配置最大化稳定区,以防止信号的畸变;后一种方法则利用线性缩比的特性将缩比度限制在稳定区内.仿真结果表明:线性缩比的加入可以防止三阶多项式缩比法信号的畸变;最优配置参数法应用方便且整体效果较好.为航天飞行模拟提供了更有效的缩比策略.     

Transient simulation of regression rate on thrust regulation process in hybrid rocket motor

The main goal of this paper is to study the characteristics of regression rate of solid grain during thrust regulation process. For this purpose, an unsteady numerical model of regression rate is established. Gas–solid coupling is considered between the solid grain surface and combustion gas.Dynamic mesh is used to simulate the regression process of the solid fuel surface. Based on this model, numerical simulations on a H2O2/HTPB(hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene) hybrid motor have been performed in the flow control process. The simulation results show that under the step change of the oxidizer mass flow rate condition, the regression rate cannot reach a stable value instantly because the flow field requires a short time period to adjust. The regression rate increases with the linear gain of oxidizer mass flow rate, and has a higher slope than the relative inlet function of oxidizer flow rate. A shorter regulation time can cause a higher regression rate during regulation process. The results also show that transient calculation can better simulate the instantaneous regression rate in the operation process.     

气压高度试验方法研究

介绍了利用模型表面的压力测量值经计算求出来流静压的方法和试验结果。文中涉及的计算方法为多元回归法,对试验所得压力数据进行处理,可拟合出多个不同参变量下的静压P∞的多元方程,从中选取一组较精确的作为计算公式进行验证试验,结果表明采用该方法测量静压具有较高的精度。     

综合时序信息的试验优化设计及稀疏求解

考虑不同试验点的试验成本及试验时序信息,在性能指标与影响因素间的响应模型未知情况下,利用装备系统的先验信息构造模型驱动的基函数,构造相应的回归模型来刻画系统的内在关系,分析不同试验点成本及试验时序对试验方案的影响。定义了一种考虑空间权重及批序贯时序的非均匀最优设计模型,将稀疏理论引入到回归试验设计中,把不同批次试验下的回归试验设计模型参数估计问题转换为结构化稀疏重构问题,讨论了非均匀最优设计的构造定理,提出结构化稀疏参数求解算法。算例表明:利用本方法生成的试验点考虑了试验点空间权重和试验时序信息,更符合实际试验规程;采用本方法获得的响应函数得到的期望预测误差更小。     

一类回归分析预测模型及其应用

提出了一类回归分析预测模型，这类模型将多项式和一些简单的数学函数相乘．得出分两步求解模型中待定参数的近似方法，简化了待定参数的求解过程。给出了这类模型的应用实例，结果表明：同一些简单函数构成的模型相比，这类模型具有较好的预测能力。     

计及随机噪声的频域多输入多输出模态参数识别

提出了一种计及随机噪声的多输入多输出频域模态参数识别方法。该方法基于连续时间域的频率响应函数有理分式模型,利用Forsythe正交多项式改善求解性态,属频域的极大似然类估计方法。在最小二乘估计的基础上,利用"先验"的随机噪声信息进行优化迭代的极大似然估计,得到更优的模态参数识别结果。根据Cramer Rao下界不等式,在几乎不增加计算量的情况下获得所识别结果的不确定性信息,提高了模态参数识别的可靠性。采用GARTEUR飞机模型作为仿真算例,对本算法进行了仿真验证。     

一种新的鲁棒非线性卡尔曼滤波

Huber方法是一种基于l1/l2联合范数的估计方法,该方法可以实现估计的鲁棒性,同时尽量不损失滤波精度和效率.基于Huber估计的无味卡尔曼滤波虽提高了无味卡尔曼滤波的鲁棒性,但这种方法用统计线性回归模型来近似非线性的观测模型,损失了无味变换的精度.从Huber方法的数学意义出发,对观测信息(观测值或观测噪声)进行重新构造,然后对精确的非线性观测方程进行标准的无味卡尔曼滤波,这种新的基于Huber方法的无味卡尔曼滤波无需对非线性观测方程进行线性近似,在保持鲁棒性的前提下提高了滤波精度.通过一个具有混合高斯分布观测噪声的简明实例,验证了新算法在鲁棒性、滤波精度以及估计一致性方面的优势.