人眼启发的图像非均匀映射变换模型构造算法

人眼的视觉信息采集是非均匀的。这种特征和注意力机制确保了人类视觉系统在信息处理方面的优先性。首先介绍了对数极坐标映射，然后基于人类视觉系统的构造，提出了非均匀映射模型的构造规则。基于此规则，以线性模型为例进行了应用性研究。扩展了非均匀映射模型的范围，促进了空间变分辨率视觉理论的进一步发展。     

Establishment of atmospheric weighted mean temperature model in the polar regions

Due to the special geographical location and extreme climate environment, the polar regions (Antarctic and Arctic) have an important impact on global climate change. Atmospheric weighted mean temperature (Tm) is a crucial parameter in the retrieval of precipitable water vapor (PWV) from the zenith wet delay (ZWD) of ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal propagation. In this paper, the correlation between weighted mean temperature and surface temperature (Ts) is studied firstly. It is shown that the correlation coefficients between Tm and Ts are 0.93 in the Antarctic and 0.94 in the Arctic. The linear regression Tm model and quadratic function Tm model of the Antarctic and the Arctic are established respectively using the radiosonde profiles of 12 stations in the Antarctic and 58 stations in the Arctic from 2008 to 2015. The accuracies of the linear regression Tm model, the quadratic function Tm model and GPT2w Tm model which is a state-of-the-art global Tm model are verified using the radiosonde profiles from 2016 to 2018 in the Antarctic and Arctic. Root Mean Square (RMS) errors of the linear regression Tm model, the quadratic function Tm model and GPT2w Tm model in the Antarctic are 3.07 K, 2.87 K and 4.32 K respectively, and those in the Arctic are 3.53 K, 3.38 K and 4.82 K, which indicates that the quadratic function Tm model has a higher accuracy compared to linear regression Tm model, and the accuracies of the two regional Tm models are better than that of GPT2w Tm model in the polar regions. In order to better evaluate the accuracy of Tm in the PWV retrieval, the PWV values of radiosondes are used for comparisons as the reference value. The RMS errors of PWV derived from the two Tm models are similar for 1.28 mm in the Antarctic and 1 mm in the Arctic respectively. In addition, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of Tm are analyzed in the polar regions by spectral analysis of Tm data using fast Fourier transform. The results show that the Tm has obvious seasonality and annual periodicity in the polar regions, and the maximum difference between warm season and cold season is about 63 K. After comparing and analyzing the influences of latitude, longitude and elevation on the Tm in the polar regions, it is found that latitude and elevation have a greater influence on the Tm than the longitude. As the latitude and elevation increase, the Tm decreases, and vice versa in the polar regions.     

三维复杂区域对流换热问题的控制方程及计算

研究并发展了一套计算复杂区域对流换热问题的通用方法并开发了相应的可视化计算程序。针对所建立的一组以直角坐标速度分量表示的非正交曲线坐标系下的三维流动及传热控制方程,采用有限体积方法离散,SIMPLER算法求解,并利用网格界面速度插值方法解决采用非交错网格时出现的压力波动问题。本文利用所开发的程序计算了低散热发动机冷却通道自然对流换热问题。      

开口薄壁截面梁的弯心坐标的简便计算

针对开口薄壁截面梁的剪流和弯心坐标的复杂计算问题,导出了简便计算公式。对于由n个小矩形组成的开口薄壁截面,可以用图乘法计算弯心坐标,避免了复杂的积分运算。     

中间相沥青基碳纤维表面特性和界面粘结性能

针对高模量、高热导率中间相沥青基碳纤维复合材料界面性能弱等瓶颈问题,深入研究该类纤维表面特性及其与树脂的界面粘结性能。选取3种典型中间相沥青基碳纤维,测试分析其微观形貌、表面能和极性与色散分量、表面元素种类与含量,利用微脱黏方法表征中间相沥青基碳纤维与环氧树脂的界面剪切强度。研究结果表明:中间相沥青基碳纤维表面均存在明显沟槽结构,但其呈化学惰性,选用的中间相沥青基碳纤维与环氧树脂界面剪切强度最高约为50 MPa,明显低于聚丙烯腈基碳纤维;纤维表面能越高,尤其是极性分量越高,中间相沥青基碳纤维/环氧树脂界面剪切强度越大,这些结果揭示了中间相沥青基碳纤维与树脂基体界面性能主控因素。     

环月轨道器运动中的月球物理天平动问题

采用类似对地球岁差章动的处理方法,讨论月球物理天平动对月心赤道坐标系 以及月球卫星轨道的影响。在对月球物理天平动的分析表达式与高精度数值历表进行比较的 基础上,给出了相应的月球引力位的变化及相应的坐标系附加摄动解,清楚地表明了对月球 卫星轨道影响的规律。所获结果与数值解进行了比对,证实了从定性和定量两个方面来看本 文的讨论都是有意义的,从而表明月球物理天平动分析解的简单表达式在某些问题中（特别 是定轨和预报）是有实用价值的,而且在建立轨道摄动分析解时,无需像地球卫星那样,去 引进混合形式的轨道坐标系,采用历元月心平赤道坐标系即可。最终表明：无论是采用数值 法定轨和预报还是分析法定轨和预报,均可采用统一的月心平赤道坐标系,这可避免一些不 必要的坐标转换。     

基于主动约束层阻尼控制的大型挠性航天器动力学模型

以大型挠性航天器简化模型——中心刚体和固接板混合系统为对象,同时考虑板表面粘贴的主动约束层阻尼结构,根据拟坐标拉格朗日方程,建立了包含所有高阶小量的完整动力学模型。建模时,采用混合坐标描述中心刚体和主动约束阻尼板的运动,用Golla-Hughes-Mctavish模型描述阻尼材料的复模量。基于该动力学模型可进行空间柔性板振动的主动约束阻尼控制器设计和大型挠性航天器的姿态动力学研究。     

Some qualitative manifestations of the physical libration of the Moon by observing stars from the lunar surface

Targets and problems of the future Japanese project ILOM (In situ Lunar Orientation Measurement), which is planned to be realized as one kind of observations of lunar rotation at the second stage of SELENE-2 mission, are briefly described in the article. Inverse problem of lunar physical libration is formulated and solved. Accuracy of libration angles depending on accuracy of measuring selenographic coordinates is estimated. It is shown that selenographic coordinates of polar stars are insensitive to longitudinal librations τ(t). Comparing coordinates calculated for two models of a rigid and deformable Moon is carried out and components sensitive to Love number k₂ and to anelastic time delay are revealed.     

基于能量沉淀分布的Polar自主定位方法

本文通过对polar自主定位方法的研究,发展了基于gamma射线源在polar塑料闪烁体能量沉淀分布的定位方法,开展了polar自主定位方法的模拟试验验证,分析了polar自主定位可能的影响因素,提出了polar自主定位对电子学系统的设计要求和建议。该研究课题在没有专门定向仪器的情况下,仅采用polar基于Geant4模拟粗略分辨出gamma射线源从哪一个方向入射,分析其显著性。课题成果将应用于polar偏振探测器对gamma射线源的定位,同时可为评估polar电子学系统提供测试依据。     

涡桨飞机飞行性能和升阻特性的试飞确定

讨论了涡轮螺桨飞机阻力极曲线值得注意的一些特点,并介绍了根据这些特点而提出的试飞确定涡桨飞机飞行性能和升阻特性的一种“等质量法”该方法先把各种飞行条件下获得的试飞数据算到的标准条件,然后利用参数组合的线性关系来简化数据处理,具有简单易行的优点。