抗旋转和缩放的SAR与可见光图像自动配准算法

针对合成孔径雷达与可见光图像在大角度旋转和大比例缩放情况下的高精度自动配准问题,提出了一种尺度和旋转不变的SAR(Synthetie Aperture Radar)和可见光图像自动配准算法.算法以SIFT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform)算法为基础,首先通过增强Frost滤波和自适应直方图均衡增强SAR和可见光图像的共性,使其显著提高能够提取出足够多的特征点数目,然后再通过特征描述方法、相似性度量方法、点匹配方法、特征点聚类方法和误匹配点剔除方法等方面对原始SIFT方法进行改进,有效地提高其在多源图像、强噪声、复杂成像条件下的特征提取和匹配性能,最后通过最小二乘法和相似变换模型实现SAR和可见光图像的精确配准.试验表明该算法对图像尺度和角度变化具有良好的适用性,在正确匹配点的比率和定位精度方面都优于原始SIFT算法和Harris算法,具有良好的工程应用前景.     

带有典型缺陷的金属蜂窝夹层结构的剩余强度研究

通过对带有典型缺陷的薄壁高温合金蜂窝夹层结构进行侧拉伸和侧压缩、平压缩和三点弯曲等力学性能测试,得到了带有不同缺陷形式的结构在不同载荷形式下结构剩余强度随着缺陷尺寸增大的变化规律.得到的结论为薄壁高温合金蜂窝夹层结构的服役可靠性及其损伤容限体系的建立奠定了必要的实验研究基础.     

关于一类非线性映射迭代序列收敛的等价性

本文在适当放宽不动点定理的条件下,分别证明了Mann迭代序列与Noor迭代序列收敛的等价性以及Mann迭代序列与Ishikawa迭代序列收敛的等价性。     

GH3600精细薄壁管内壁折叠缺陷分析

为了提高GH3600精细薄壁管质量,利用内窥镜和扫描电镜,对管材内壁折叠缺陷进行了解剖观察,测量了折叠的深度,并分析了折叠缺陷产生的原因和它对后续成型的影响,提出了避免折叠缺陷的工艺改进措施。     

五坐标数控机床后置处理算法

根据五坐标数控机床的运动形式 ,将其归结为三种基本形式。本文针对五坐标数控机床的三种基本形式 ,研究了五坐标数控机床的后置处理算法。     

熔模精铸件凝固过程温度场的数值模拟

根据熔模精密铸造过程的传热特点,通过对铸型/环境边界及冒口/环境边界进行自然对流和辐射传热处理,改进了原有数值模拟系统,实现了对熔模铸造凝固过程温度场的数值模拟.对采用4种不同铸造工艺方案的阀体铸件凝固过程进行了数值模拟及缺陷预测,获得了与试验相一致的模拟结果.根据数值模拟结果,确定了进行批生产的铸造工艺方案.     

单目主动视觉无人机导引中摄像机内参数标定的线性方法

提出一种单目主动视觉无人机导引中摄像机内参数标定的线性方法,在摄像机主点位置进行预标定的条件下,摄像机只需拍摄一幅着舰平面靶标上的一组正方形图像,无须知道该组正方形的任何几何信息,通过计算圆环点,建立绝对二次曲线对摄像机内参数的约束方程即可线性求解摄像机内参数,仿真实验和真实图象实验表明:该方法在摄像机内参数(如焦距等)需要经常改变的视觉任务,如基于视觉的无人机着舰导引、运动参数估计、三维视觉重建及视觉监控中,使得摄像机内参数的标定具有简便、实时和鲁棒性强的特点。     

星载聚束式SAR天线波束指向控制分析

建立了波束控制条件下的星载聚束式SAR的天线指向及成像数学模型,证实天线波束指向被控造成回波信号的幅度调制,引起成对回波,从而影响成像质量.此外,分析了波束指向控制比率与测绘带方位宽度、图像动态范围的制约关系,提出设计星载聚束式 SAR天线波束指向控制比率的基本原则.最后,通过计算机仿真,验证了理论分析的正确性.      

Hierarchical global search for fuel-optimal impulsive transfers between lunar libration orbits

The attention to the periodic orbit in the Earth-Moon restricted three-body system continues to grow due to its special environment and locations. This research investigates the feasibility of constructing fuel-optimal single and multiple impulse transfers between unstable periodic orbits at L₁ and L₂ points. Invariant manifolds, which could provide the appropriate initial trajectories for optimization, are analyzed deeply to enable previously unknown orbit options and potentially to reduce mission cost. A global search strategy based on comparing the orbital state of the unstable and stable manifolds, incorporated with low-thrust techniques, is performed to seek a suitable matching point for maneuver application. Then the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) is adopted to further optimize the velocity increment and obtain the single/multiple impulse optimal transfers. The associated constraint gradients are derived to achieve higher accuracy and rapidity of the algorithm. To highlight the effectivity of the transfer scheme, three-dimensional low-energy transfers between different types and spatial regions of performing single and multiple impulses are explored. The total Delta-V required varies between a few meters per second and tens of meters per second, and the related flight time is about several weeks, mainly depending on the energy of periodic orbits and the invariant manifold structure. The results obtained in this paper can provide a useful reference for the selection of escape and capture site along the manifolds, maneuver magnitude and transfer time.     

Comprehensive outage compensation of real-time orbit and clock corrections with broadcast ephemeris for ambiguity-fixed precise point positioning

The main challenge in real-time precise point positioning (PPP) is that the data outages or large time lags in receiving precise orbit and clock corrections greatly degrade the continuity and real-time performance of PPP positioning. To solve this problem, instead of directly predicting orbit and clock corrections in previous researches, this paper presents an alternative approach of generating combined corrections including orbit error, satellite clock and receiver-related error with broadcast ephemeris. Using ambiguities and satellite fractional-cycle biases (FCBs) of previous epoch and the short-term predicted tropospheric delay through linear extrapolation model (LEM), combined corrections at current epoch are retrieved and weighted with multiple reference stations, and further broadcast to user for continuous enhanced positioning during outages of orbit and clock corrections. To validate the proposed method, two reference station network with different inter-station distance from National Geodetic Survey (NGS) network are used for experiments with six different time lags (i.e., 5 s, 10 s, 15 s, 30 s, 45 s and 60 s), and one set of data collected by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is also used. The performance of LEM is investigated, and the troposphere prediction accuracy of low elevation (e.g., 10–20degrees) satellites has been improved by 44.1% to 79.0%. The average accuracy of combined corrections before and after LEM is used is improved by 12.5% to 77.3%. Without LEM, an accuracy of 2–3 cm can be maintained only in case of small time lags, while the accuracies with LEM are all better than 2 cm in case of different time lags. The performance of simulated kinematic PPP at user end is assessed in terms of positioning accuracy and epoch fix rate. In case of different time lags, after LEM is used, the average accuracy in horizontal direction is better than 3 cm, and the accuracy in up direction is better than 5 cm. At the same time, the epoch fix rate has also increased to varying degrees. The results of the UAV data show that in real kinematic environment, the proposed method can still maintain a positioning accuracy of several centimeters in case of 20 s time lag.