单晶合金蠕变性能影响因素分析

通过分析热处理工艺、元素含量、晶体取向性以及温度和应力对蠕变性能的影响,得出任何1种影响合金蠕变性能的因素其实质都是改变了合金的微观组织,并最终反映到γ′筏形的完善程度S、终端密度TD和线性密度LD上。S值越接近1,γ′筏形的完善程度越好,蠕变寿命就越长;而TD和LD值越大,微观组织图内筏形交叉和中断的数目就越多,蠕变寿命就越短。     

基体含量对复合材料结构稳定性的影响

基体含量影响着复合材料结构的性能,针对复合材料结构的稳定性设计,基于复合材料细观力学以及经典层合理论,分析复合材料层合板中的基体含量对于其材料性能,尤其是稳定性的影响.通过计算得出:随着基体含量的增加,材料的性能略有下降,但是由于基体含量增大而导致的单层板厚度增加,使得层合板的稳定性大幅提高.因此,在复合材料结构的稳定性设计中,应该考虑基体含量的影响.     

主成分分析用于近红外光谱定量测定高硅氧／酚醛预浸料树脂含量及挥发份含量研究

采用傅里叶变换近红外漫反射光谱技术分析了酚醛树脂固化过程的光谱变化,发现高硅氧/酚醛预浸料的近红外光谱经一阶导数处理后,被树脂信息掩盖的挥发份(乙醇)的光谱信息显露出来,由此采用处理后的光谱定量分析挥发份能取得更精确的结果。结合主成分分析法研究了高硅氧/酚醛预浸料树脂含量、挥发份含量的定量分析。结果表明,预浸料的第一主成分在树脂含量上有极高的正载荷。用主成分回归所建立的模型对未知样品预测,树脂含量和挥发份含量平均标准偏差分别为0.6114和0.1885。     

测量围护结构含水率的同面散射场式电容传感器设计

目前常用的测量含水率的方法有微波法、红外线法和电容法.由于基于电容法的传感器具有分辨力高、响应速度快、体积小、结构简单等优点,被广泛应用.针对围护结构含水率测试深度的要求和测试特点,本文通过仿真和实验,对同面电容传感器探头的结构尺寸进行了优化设计,并采取了保护电极以提高其抗干扰能力;运用改进的充放电电容检测电路,设计出一种测量围护结构含水率的新型同面散射场式电容传感器,该传感器具有宽范围的测试深度和较高的测试灵敏度.     

压辊材料及形状对纤维铺放压紧效果的影响

近年来纤维铺放（AFP）技术被广泛用于大型复杂飞机复合材料构件成型。为了保证纤维铺放过程的一致性,纤维铺放压辊必须在适应芯模型面的同时具有较好的压紧力分布均匀性。鉴于此,对不同弹性模量的压辊材料进行了试验分析,薄膜压力传感器及超声显微镜测试结果表明,低弹性模量的压辊材料变形较大,较好地适应了芯模表面,压力分布相对均匀且可以减少铺层的层间孔隙数量,硅橡胶压辊比聚乙烯压辊压紧力分布均匀性提高了50%~60%,铺层孔隙率降低了92.1%。针对孔隙分布主要集中在压辊两端及压紧力在压辊两端下降幅度较大的问题,采用ANSYS Workbench对压辊端部进行斜端面优化,得到最优倾斜角度为20°;测试结果表明斜端面压辊压力分布均匀性比直断面压辊提高了42.9%,铺层孔隙率下降了51.6%。     

民机飞行结冰参数的模拟与校准

结冰问题的研究对于民用飞机设计十分重要,采用结冰风洞试验是主要的方法之一,欧美国家有很多成熟的结冰风洞用于型号研究。结冰风洞中需要对很多参数进行控制,其中水雾参数精确控制的难度很大,而且一般通过间接方法来进行测试校准,往往误差较大,导致不同结冰风洞试验结果往往有所差异。文章介绍了在意大利宇航中心的IWT 结冰风洞完成的冰风洞校准试验,对结冰风洞水雾参数校准方法进行了阐述,为民机结冰风洞研究提供参考。     

H型球粒陨石TL灵敏度与冲击相和钾含量的研究

测定了坠落在我国武安、枣阳、信阳等地的10个H型球粒陨石的热释光(TL)灵敏度、自然热释光峰温和峰半高宽温度,同时对它们的K含量进行了测定.将测得的H型球粒陨石的TL灵敏度与它们的钾含量和所属冲击相进行比较.结果表明,H型球粒陨石的TL灵敏度与其钾含量和冲击相之间存在着规律性的关系.      

Day-to-day variability of equatorial anomaly in GPS-TEC during low solar activity period

The ionospheric total electron content (TEC) in the northern hemispheric equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest region is investigated by using dual-frequency signals of the Global Positioning System (GPS) acquired from Rajkot (Geog. Lat. 22.29°N, Geog. Long. 70.74°E; Geom. Lat. 14.21°N, Geom. Long. 144.90°E), India. The day-to-day variability of EIA characteristics is examined during low solar activity period (F10.7∼83 sfu). It is found that the daily maximum TEC at EIA crest exhibits a day-to-day and strong semi-annual variability. The seasonal anomaly and equinoctial asymmetry in TEC at EIA is found non-existent and weaker, respectively. We found a moderate and positive correlation of daily magnitude of crest, Ic with daily F10.7 and EUV fluxes with a correlation coefficient of 0.43 and 0.33, respectively indicating an existence of a short-term relation between TEC at EIA and the solar radiation even during low solar activity period. The correlation of daily Ic with Dst index is also moderate (r = −0.35), whereas no correlation is found with the daily Kp index (r = 0.14) respectively. We found that the magnitude of EIA crest is moderately correlated with solar flux in all seasons except winter where it is weakly related (0.27). The magnitude of EIA crest is also found highly related with EEJ strength in spring (r = 0.69) and summer (r = 0.65) than autumn (0.5) and winter (r = 0.47), though EEJ is stronger in autumn than spring.     

GNSS single frequency ionospheric range delay corrections: NeQuick data ingestion technique

A study of the performance of the NeQuick model and the Klobuchar model for GNSS single frequency range delay correction on a global scale was done using data for moderate solar activity. In this study NeQuick was used in the way intended for Galileo. This study is to assess the performance of the two models at each ionospheric geographic region during moderate solar activity as previously published studies were concentrated only on high solar activity. The results obtained showed that NeQuick outperformed Klobuchar for the whole year at the three geographical regions of the ionosphere. In terms of monthly root mean square of mismodeling, NeQuick outperformed Klobuchar by 15 TECU or more at low-latitudes, 5 TEC or more at mid-latitudes, and 1 TECU or more at high-latitudes.     

Relative amplitude of the total electron content variations depending on geomagnetic activity

We developed a method of estimation of a relative amplitude dI/I of the total electron content (TEC) variations in the ionosphere as deduced from the data of the global GPS receivers network. To obtain statistically significant results we picked out three latitudinal belts provided in the Internet by the maximum number of GPS sites. They are high-latitudinal belt (50–80°N, 200–300°E; 59 sites), mid latitude belt (20–50°N, 200–300°E; 817 sites), and equatorial belt (±20°N, 0–360°E; 76 sites). The results of the analysis of the diurnal and latitudinal dependencies of dI/I and dI/I distribution probability for 52 days with different levels of geomagnetic activity are presented. It was found that on average the relative amplitude of the TEC variations varies within the range 0–10% proportionally to the value of the K_p geomagnetic index. In quiet conditions the relative amplitude dI/I of the TEC variations at night significantly exceeds the daytime relative amplitude. At high levels of magnetic field disturbances, the geomagnetic control of the amplitude of TEC variations at high and middle latitudes is much more significant than the regular diurnal variations. At the equatorial belt, on average, the amplitude of TEC variations in quiet and disturbed periods almost does not differ. The obtained results may be useful for development of the theory of ionospheric irregularities.