热水火箭发动机喷管性能的影响因素

为了更好地了解影响热水火箭发动机喷管性能的因素,分别对不同参数条件下喷管内流场进行数值模拟.重点研究不同初始条件如不同初始压力、初始气体体积分数及过冷度和不同喷管结构如不同扩张比、收敛半角及扩张半角对推力的影响规律,计算结果表明:初始压力越大,推力越大;随着初始气体体积分数增大,推力会有一个先增大后减小的过程;热水火箭发动机内部初始温度越接近于饱和温度,推力越大;随着扩张比的增加,推力会有一个先增大后减小的过程;收敛半角对推力影响不大;扩张半角越大,推力越小.      

航空发动机PI控制参数频域最优整定方法

针对航空发动机高、低压转速和压比的控制回路,研究满足幅值裕度和相角裕度要求的比例-积分(PI)控制参数稳定域确定方法.根据系统在频域的稳定域解析模型,建立考虑PI控制器的系统参数频域稳定域图形.根据典型的动态性能指标和鲁棒性指标定义的优化目标函数,在所得到的控制参数稳定域中寻找到一组最优的PI控制参数.该方法应用于航空发动机高、低压转速和压比回路控制器参数设计中,设计了不同状态下的PI控制器,仿真结果表明,这种整定方法能够使闭环系统满足性能指标和鲁棒性.      

Predicting atmospheric delays for rapid ambiguity resolution in precise point positioning

Integer ambiguity resolution in precise point positioning (PPP) can shorten the initialization and re-initialization time, and ambiguity-fixed PPP solutions are also more reliable and accurate than ambiguity-float PPP solutions. However, signal interruptions are unavoidable in practical applications, particularly while operating in urban areas. Such signal interruptions can cause discontinuity of carrier phase arc, which introduces new integer ambiguities. Usually it will take approximately 15 min of continuous tracking to a reasonable number of satellites to fix new integer ambiguities. In many applications, it is impractical for a PPP user to wait for such a long time for the re-initialization. In this paper, a method for rapid ambiguity fixing in PPP is developed to avoid such a long re-initialization time. Firstly, the atmospheric delays were estimated epoch by epoch from ambiguity-fixed PPP solutions before the data gap or cycle slip occurs. A random walk procedure is then applied to predict the atmospheric delays accurately over a short time span. The predicted atmospheric delays then can be used to correct the observations which suffer from signal interruptions. Finally, the new ambiguities can be fixed with a distinct WL-LX-L3 (here LX denotes either of L1, L2) cascade ambiguity resolution strategy. Comprehensive experiments have demonstrated that the proposed method and strategy can fix zero-difference integer ambiguities successfully with only a single-epoch observation immediately after a short data gap. This technique works even when all satellites are interrupted at the same time. The duration of data gap bridged by this technique could be possibly extended if a more precise atmospheric delay prediction is found or on-the-fly (OTF) technology is applied. Based on the proposed method, real-time PPP with integer ambiguity fixing becomes more feasible in practice.     

GNSS carrier phase ambiguity resolution based on integrity restriction in ambiguity domain

Carrier phase ambiguity resolution of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a key technology for high-precision navigation and positioning, and it is a challenge for applications which require both high accuracy and high integrity. This paper proposes efficient ambiguity resolution methods based on integrity restriction using Fixed Failure rate Ratio Test (FF-RT) and Doubly Non-central F-distribution Ratio Test (DNF-RT), and derives the related processing models and numerical algorithms compared with the traditional Ratio Test (RT) method. Firstly, the integer ambiguity resolution and validation procedures, especially the Least squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LAMBDA) estimation and RT validation are analyzed. Then the quality evaluation using success rate, the FF-RT method using Integer Aperture (IA) estimation and the NDF-RT method are proposed. Lastly, the simulation and analysis for LAMBDA using RT, FF-RT and DNF-RT methods are performed. Simulation results show that in case of unbiased scenario FF-RT and DNF-RT have similar performances, which are significantly better than RT. In case of biased scenario it is difficult for FF-RT to predict the biased success rate thus it should not be used for bias detection, while DNF-RT can detect biases in most cases except for the biases are approximate or equal to integer, which has the important benefit for early detection of potential threat to the position solution.     

相变装置二维方腔内空穴分布规律研究

为了解微重力条件下空穴对相变传热过程的影响,在焓法的基础上增加了基于温度排序算法的空穴模型,在求解过程分析了温度场和空穴之间的相互作用;建立了相变装置的二维模型;研究了空穴在周期外热流条件下的移动规律。结果表明,从初始时刻到第8个轨道周期,低温区空穴逐渐消失并在高温区出现,空穴沿等温线方向扩散并最终积聚在高温边界附近,空穴的移动使传热路径上的热阻增大,导致相变装置冷热边界的传热温差增加了3℃。     

基于非抽取小波包变换的信号滤波算法

对航天测控信号进行滤波处理,有利于改善信号品质,提高系统的测量性能。针对航天测控信号中的差分单程测距(DifferentialOne-wayRanging, DOR)信标信号等侧音信号,提出了基于非抽取小波包变换（Un-decimatedWaveletPacketTransform,UWPT）的滤波改进算法。该算法以功率平坦度为准则,判断某一节点是否需要继续分解。改进算法克服了以能量聚焦度为准则时算法误判停止分解或多重分解算法复杂、计算量大等的缺点,同时解决了阈值不易确定的问题。仿真结果表明改进算法在降低算法复杂度的同时,滤波性能相对有所提高。最后采用改进算法对仿真信号和在轨卫星数据进行处理,结果表明滤波后仿真信号差分相位估计精度提高约3倍、实测数据差分相位估计精度提高0.72倍。     

Optimal diving maneuver strategy considering guidance accuracy for hypersonic vehicle

An optimal maneuver strategy considering terminal guidance accuracy for hypersonic vehicle in dive phase is investigated in this paper. First, it derives the complete three-dimensional nonlinear coupled motion equation without any approximations based on diving relative motion relationship directly, and converts it into linear decoupled state space equation with the same relative degree by feedback linearization. Second, the diving guidance law is designed based on the decoupled equation to meet the terminal impact point and falling angle constraints. In order to further improve the interception capability, it constructs maneuver control model through adding maneuver control item to the guidance law. Then, an integrated performance index consisting of maximum line-of-sight angle rate and minimum energy consumption is designed, and optimal control is employed to obtain optimal maneuver strategy when the encounter time is determined and undetermined, respectively. Furthermore, the performance index and suboptimal strategy are reconstructed to deal with the control capability constraint and the serous influence on terminal guidance accuracy caused by maneuvering flight. Finally, the approach is tested using the Common Aero Vehicle-H model. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can achieve high precision guidance and effective maneuver at the same time, and the indices are also optimized.     

基于属性散射中心模型的SAR超分辨成像算法

基于属性散射中心模型,提出一种稳健而快速的SAR超分辨成像算法,在超分辨的同时能够考虑到目标的整体结构。首先利用改进的正交匹配追踪算法（OMP）对简化的属性散射中心模型进行参数估计,然后基于估计的模型参数在信号重构时进行二维频谱外推实现SAR超分辨成像。该算法具有较高的运算效率,相对于传统基于点散射模型超分辨算法,能够有效解决部件不连续的问题,并且初始指向角的利用可以取得良好的聚焦效果。仿真实验验证了该算法的优越性。     

幅相联合技术下导引装置测向性能仿真分析

在介绍了国外反辐射无人机导引装置幅相联合测向技术的基础上,分别就干涉仪、比幅法测向条件下导引装置测向性能进行了仿真分析。结果表明,导引装置采用干涉仪测向时精度较比幅法测向的精度高,但存在测向模糊;比幅法测向精度不高,但可以解除干涉仪测向产生的模糊。最后,分析给出了测角范围与目标雷达频率、测角误差与测量到达角的关系,得出了导引装置采用幅相联合测向的优势。     

雷达导引头对拖曳式诱饵干扰的检测和识别新方法

有源拖曳式雷达诱饵能够实现角度欺骗、距离欺骗、速度欺骗三重干扰效果,它通过电缆与被保护目标相连接,两者具有相同的运动特性,载机和拖曳式诱饵在距离、速度和角度上分辨不出来,导引头的响应会成为两个射频源的复杂函数,这将产生一个角度误差,从而增加了导弹的脱靶距离。为了提高雷达抗拖曳式诱饵能力,从空间角度分辨力入手,在常规单脉冲雷达系统结构上,利用了结构的冗余信息,提取对角线差通道的接收信号,然后与和通道、俯仰差通道、方位差通道联合建立方程组,求解得到目标和诱饵的角度信息,并对两者的信号幅度进行了分离,提出了诱饵识别的方法。仿真结果证实了该方法的有效性。