雷达参数对SAR图像中Kelvin尾迹的影响

舰船尾迹的SAR成像受到船艇自身、海洋环境和SAR系统等多种因素的影响,其中起主要作用的是雷达参数的影响。文章重点对影响舰船Kelvin尾迹SAR成像的SAR系统参数进行了详细讨论和分析,其中包括极化方式、视向角、频率以及入射角对Kelvin尾迹的影响因素。给出了各种参数对尾迹成像的影响规律,通过此规律有助于下一步得出舰船尾迹的最佳观测条件。     

基于Gauss平均引数的RNAV进近程序航迹引导参数计算

为准确计算基于WGS-84坐标的RNAV进近程序航路点坐标和航迹引导参数,提供精密RNAV导航数据,降低RNAV进近系统误差,提出了实测跑道入口WGS-84坐标,然后沿跑道中线外推各航路点WGS-84坐标的计算方法。采用Gauss平均引数法对各航段的航线角及航段距离进行了反算,以验证外推航路点坐标的计算精度。通过西南地区某机场＂T＂型RNAV进近程序的设计及飞行验证,该方法可推广到其他机场的RNAV进近程序设计。     

Evaluation of global modeling of M(3000)F2 and hmF2 based on alternative empirical orthogonal function expansions

Global modeling of M(3000)F2 and hmF2 based on three alternative EOF (empirical orthogonal function) expansion methods is described briefly. Data used for the model construction is the monthly median hourly values of M(3000)F2 from the ionosonde/digisonde stations distributed around the world for the period of 1975–1985 and the hmF2 data of the same period converted from the measured M(3000)F2 based on the strong anti-correlation existing between them. Independent data of a low (1965) and a high (1970) solar activity year are used to validate the three alternative models based on different EOF expansion methods. Comparisons between the modeled results and observed data for both the low (1965) and high (1970) solar activity years showed good agreement for both M(3000)F2 and hmF2 parameters. Statistical analysis on the differences between model values and observed data showed that all the three alternative models (Model A, B and C) based on the different EOF expansion methods have better agreement with the observed data than the models currently used in IRI. All three alternative EOF based models have almost the same accuracy. Discussion on the preference of the three alternative EOF based models is given.     

Validation of B2bot in the NeQuick model during high solar activity at Hainan station

NeQuick ionospheric electron density model, which has been developed to version 2, produces the full electron density profile in the ionosphere. Each part of the profile is modeled using Epstein layer formalism. Simple empirical relations are used to compute the thicknesses of each layer. In order to validate the B2_bot parameter in the NeQuick model during high solar activity, we use the data at Hainan, China (109.1°E, 19.5°N; Geomagnetic coordinates: 178.95°E, 8.1°N), measured with DPS-4, and study the diurnal and seasonal variations of B2_bot, ΔB2 (B2_best − B2_NeQuick 2) and the seasonal median values of B2_best/B2_NeQuick 2 at that region. The results show that, (1) The differences between B2_best and B2_NeQuick 2 have diurnal and seasonal variations. (2) The diurnal variations of B2_NeQuick 2 are smaller than those of B2_best. (3) Generally, except for early morning the experimental values are properly reproduced. (4) Generally, during morning the NeQuick model has an underestimation. The magnitude of underestimation varies with LT and season.     

An intercomparison of meteor radar measurements at the South Pole using two different processing systems

A new meteor radar system was installed at the Amundsen–Scott station South Pole in 2001 to further the understanding of the dynamics of the Antarctic region. The antenna array consists of four yagis pointed along the 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° meridians and five folded crossed dipoles arranged in a cross configuration and operating as an interferometer to provide position measurements for the detected radio meteors. The four yagis are time division multiplexed and used for both transmitting and receiving while the five folded crossed dipoles are only used for reception. The current arrangement of data acquisition (DAQ) systems at the South Pole allows the collection of meteors in a configuration similar to the previous meteor radar system that operated at the South Pole in the mid 1990s while also using an interferometer to accurately determine the meteor positions in the sky, which enables the determination of the vertical structure of the observed waves. This has been accomplished through the use of two DAQ and post-processing systems: COBRA (Colorado Obninsk radar) connected to the yagis and MEDAC (meteor echo detection and collection) connected to the folded crossed dipoles. With two separate DAQ systems operating in parallel we have the ability to directly compare the results and understand the inherent variability in the derived scientific results based on different system architectures and processing assumptions. The impact of operating a system without an interferometer on the amplitudes and phases of the observed wave components is considered. We find that the lack of altitude resolution of the COBRA DAQ system leads to an underestimation of the amplitude of the s = 1 component of the semidiurnal tide of ∼20% during the summer months.     

工艺参数对频率选择表面传输特性试验研究

制造加工曲面频率选择表面FSS(Frequency Selective Surface)的工艺参数不同会产生FSS中心谐振频率漂移以及传输系数降低.以有限大平板FSS试件为基础,利用矢量网络分析仪PNA 8363B组成的测试系统,研究了在相同条件下加工工艺、FSS附加导电层以及FSS表面电阻率对有限大平板FSS传输性能的影响规律.结果表明,不同加工方法使得平板FSS的中心谐振频率产生漂移,该差异可能是FSS单元边缘毛刺影响的结果,该影响对FSS在各种入射角条件下的传输损耗等性能也略有影响;导电层表面电阻率对FSS的传输系数有较大影响,方块电阻越大传输系数越低,且FSS中心谐振频率也有差异;附加导电层对FSS传输特性的影响不大.      

含不确定参数的复合材料板振动的 区间分析法

提出了求解具有不确定参数的复合材料板的振动固有频率区间分析法.区间分析法利用区间数学和泰勒定理,把不确定变量简化为区间向量.这样可以在较少的结构信息的情况下确定结构响应的变化区间.在样本比较小,概率统计特性缺乏,从而通常的概率统计方法不能有效应用时,区间分析仍然有效. 对复合材料板的振动固有频率的区间法公式进行了推导,并用2个数值例子与凸模型方法的解进行比较.结果表明区间分析法比凸模型方法的解区间小.      

基于特征造型技术的涡轮叶片参数化设计

针对航空发动机涡轮气冷叶片的结构特点,提出了叶片参数化建模的特征分类形式.然后,利用特征造型技术开发涡轮叶片的参数化设计系统;并以直背涡轮叶片为具体实例阐述了该参数化模块的开发过程,为航空发动机典型结构件的参数化奠定了基础.      

黏附激励下空间目标惯性参数的辨识方法

针对黏附卫星会自然激励目标改变运动状态的现象，提出一种利用黏附激励进行空间非合作目标惯性参数的辨识方法。黏附前，利用主星对目标特征点的视觉测量，建立估计目标惯性参数与相对运动参数的滤波器，并估计目标的转动惯量比和质心；黏附后，主星直接利用该滤波器估计目标的新的质心速度，并基于动量守恒原理计算目标质量。该方法不仅充分利用黏附过程的自然激励，无需常规辨识必须的主动激励，而且激励前后算法一致，无需切换。数字仿真证实了算法的有效性。     

Development of one-minute rain-rate and rain-attenuation contour maps for satellite propagation system planning in a subtropical country: South Africa

Millimeter and microwave system design at higher frequencies require as input a 1-min rain-rate cumulative distribution function for estimating the level of degradation that can be encountered at such frequency bands. Owing to the lack of 1-min rain-rate data in South Africa and the availability of 5-min and hourly rainfall data, we have used rain-rate conversion models and the refined Moupfouma model to convert the available data into 1-min rain-rate statistics. The attenuation caused by these rain rates was predicted using the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) recommendations model. The Kriging interpolation method was used to draw contour maps over different percentages of time for spatial interpolation of rain-rate values into a regular grid in order to obtain a highly consistent and predictable inter-gauge rain-rate variation over South Africa. The present results will be useful for system designers of modern broadband wireless access (BWA) and high-density cell-based Ku/Ka, Q/V band satellite systems, over the desired area of coverage in order to determine the appropriate effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP) and receiver characteristics of this region.