航天训练模拟视景的光照仿真方法研究

针对航天员太空观察感知的视景仿真,提出了一种大规模场景下航天器的光照仿真实现方法。通过对航天器的真实光照环境进行建模分析,在此基础上实现了太空场景的光照仿真,并结合太空光照环境特点采用色调映射算法进行了光照亮度调节。光照一致性分析结果表明,航天训练模拟器的视景仿真实现在满足实时性指标的前提下,有效地提高了太空场景仿真的逼真度,所采用的亮度调节方法也切实可行。这种光照仿真方法不仅适用于各种空间活动的视景仿真,对于大场景中的天文景观的仿真也同样可以达到较好效果。     

新型复合式无人直升机悬停/着陆控制

旋翼-涵道复合式无人直升机是一种具有特殊机体结构的新型无人直升机,悬停和着陆控制是该类无人直升机飞行控制设计的一大难点。依据复合式无人直升机运动机理建立了非线性动力学模型,在悬停配平状态下进行小扰动线化和降阶处理,给出了用于控制律设计和仿真的线性模型。运用期望隐模型和特征结构配置方法设计了姿态角速度与垂向速度控制内回路,内回路输出角速度积分得到的姿态角反馈和线速度反馈构成纵横向线速度控制外回路。悬停/着陆仿真验证了内回路能实现良好的角速度指令跟踪解耦控制,外回路能实现良好的悬停位置保持和着陆轨迹跟踪控制。     

偏置动量小卫星抗干扰能力分析与验证

环境减灾-1A、1B（HJ-1A、1B）卫星和海洋-1B（HY-1B）卫星是三颗偏置动量小卫星,均采用偏置动量轮控制和磁力矩器控制,其姿态控制系统具有较强的抗干扰能力。文章对该卫星的抗干扰能力进行了分析和仿真,并根据在轨运行数据给出了验证结果,表明控制系统具有一定的控制精度和稳定性。     

Space law education in China: Status quo,shortcomings and possible ways out

Space law education has an essential role in the space capacity building of a country because of its importance for human resources development in space law. Comparisons between Canada and China, the European Union and China and the United States of America (USA) and China in space law degree education, course, teaching methodology, institute and practice and communication platform are provided in an attempt to review some issues which exist within the Chinese space law educational system and to seek a better choice for China’s space law education reform. Chinese space law education has achieved noticeable progress over the past two decades. However, it is still limited in comparison to its counterparts in Europe and Northern America. The range of the space law degree education programmes and space-law-related courses is comparatively limited. A gap remains between space law education and practice in China. Chinese space law classes are still dominated by the teacher-centred teaching methodology, although several universities have some new teaching practices. The establishment of seven space law-related research institutes plays an increasingly important role in Chinese space law education, space law and policy research and legal advisory services for the Chinese government and non-governmental sectors. However, these institutes still have a long way to go in comparison with their counterparts in Europe and Northern America. While China has established domestic research platforms for space law communication through international cooperation, it does not provide space law practice platforms for space law education. While international space law does not provide a direct legal foundation for space law education in China, Chinese educational laws can lay a profound legal foundation for Chinese space law education. To promote its national expertise and capacity in space law, based on the three-pillar model and the experiences of its counterparts in North America and Europe, China should adopt a systematic and sustainable regime for its space law education.