基于对偶四元数的航天器相对位置和姿态耦合控制

针对交会对接、在轨服务等航天任务中存在的轨道和姿态动力学耦合问题,突破传统的轨道姿态分而治之模式,利用对偶四元数建立了相对位置和姿态的一体化耦合动力学模型,并分析了模型中存在的轨道和姿态耦合影响.针对此强耦合、非线性系统,基于对偶四元数的李群结构设计了误差PD（Proportional Derivative,比例微分）控制律,采用Lyapunov（李雅普诺夫）方法分析了控制系统的稳定性,并指出其相比传统的轨道和姿态分别控制方法更有优势.仿真结果表明,该控制方法能够一体化控制航天器的相对位置和姿态,相对位置控制精度在0.01m以内,相对姿态控制精度在0.05°以内,这表明所设计的控制器有效可行.     

地球同步轨道卫星混合推进转移轨道特性分析

以地球同步轨道卫星转移轨道设计为背景，针对全化学推进燃料消耗大和全电推进转移时间长的问题，开展了化学 电混合推进转移轨道优化设计与特性分析。首先，讨论了轨道倾角和近地点幅角变化对混合推进转移轨道的影响。研究表明，在混合推进优化设计中需要将轨道倾角作为优化变量之一。然后，以近地点半径、远地点半径、轨道倾角为优化变量生成搜索网格，得到过渡轨道集。针对每条过渡轨道，构建化学推进转移段和电推进转移段。其中化学推进段采用单圈兰伯特转移解算，电推进段采用混合法优化。最后，以燃料消耗和转移时间为指标，在搜索域内开展解算分析，研究了混合推进轨道在整个搜索域内的变化趋势。该方法可以提供具有不同燃料消耗和转移时间的混合推进转移解集，拓宽了解空间，可供轨道设计人员根据任务约束灵活选用。     

推进剂在轨加注流体传输过程的数值模拟和地面试验研究

针对排气式在轨加注方法,对航天器在轨加注过程的流体传输行为进行数值模拟和地面试验研究．采用VOF两相流动模型数值模拟板式表面张力贮箱加注过程的流动特性,得到加注过程的流动规律．地面演示试验使用地面模拟加注系统,对排气式加注的全过程进行地面演示验证．数值模拟和地面演示试验结果表明．排气式在轨加注方法是可行的．     

亚甲二醇二硝酸酯的构象和热解机理的理论研究

用量子化学中的ＳＣＦ－ＭＯ ＭＩＮＤＯ／３，ＭＮＤＯ，ＡＭ１和ＰＭ３方法计算研究了亚甲二醇二硝酸酯的几何构型和电子结构２，求得了ＭＧＤＮ的平衡几何构型。不同方法的计算结果均表明，标题物分子中两个ＯＮＯ２均为平面基团，且Ｏ－ＮＯ２键的Ｗｉｂｅｒｇ键级最淖分子中最弱的键，在分解时可能首先断裂；     

Modeling of Ejecta Produced upon Hypervelocity Impacts

Each time a debris particle or a meteoroid strikes a satellite in orbit, a great amount of secondary particles is ejected in the neighborhood of the impact site. This phenomenon is important in particular for brittle materials, such as those used for solar arrays or thermal control paint. The secondary particles that do not impact other parts of the spacecraft are added to the primary debris population and hence increase the small debris particle flux. We describe an ejecta production model that gives the size and the velocity distribution of ejected particles as a function of primary impact parameters. The model has been used to explain the discrepancy between measurements and modeling of impact crater distribution on the solar arrays of the EuReCa spacecraft.     

地球磁场对带电赤道卫星的轨道半长轴和偏心率的摄动影响

本文利用摄动理论研究了带电的赤道卫星在地球磁场中做椭圆轨道运动时地磁摄动力对轨道半长径和偏心率的摄动影响。研究结果表明：地磁场对带电赤道卫星的轨道半长径没有摄动影响，既无周期摄动，也无长期摄动，但对轨道偏心率有摄动影响，且只有周期性摄动，而无长期摄动。当卫星自身带电量较大时，这种摄动影响必须予以考虑     

The effectiveness of end-of-life re-orbiting for debris mitigation in geostationary orbit

The effect of satellite breakups over 72 years, as a function of the end-of-life re-orbiting altitude (0–2000km), was analyzed in terms of fragment contribution to the object density in the geostationary orbit (GEO) ring, both in the short- and long-term. In the short-term, the explosions in GEO are the most detrimental for the GEO ring environment, though the average fragment density in the ring is never higher than 1/5 of the background, decreasing to less than 1/100 of the existing environment after 4 years (apart from a density rebound 5 decades later, due to luni-solar perturbations). Spacecraft end-of-life re-orbiting is a possible mitigation solution. But the re-orbiting altitude is critical if explosions continue to occur. In order to reduce the post-event average density by 1 order of magnitude with respect to an explosion occurring in GEO, more than 500km of re-orbiting is needed. Concerning the long-term environmental impact, the re-orbiting strategy supported by Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) seems adequate to guarantee, after 2–3 years, a long-term average density of fragments in the GEO ring of at least 2 orders of magnitude below the existing background. But at least 1000km of re-orbiting are needed to stay below that threshold in the short-term too. In conclusion, the re-orbiting strategy recommended by IADC is totally adequate in the long-term, but only if satellite passivation is extensively carried out.     

Collision Probabilities for Keplerian Orbits

We present a new derivation of the probability of collisions between spherical satellites occupying Keplerian orbits. The equations follow from the central concept of the instantaneous collision rate, an expression that describes the occurrence of collisions by using a Dirac -function. The derivation proceeds by showing how this instantaneous collision rate can be averaged over orbital mean anomaly angles and, additionally, over orbital precession angles to generate expressions appropriate for intermediate and long time scales. Collision rates averaged over mean anomalies tend to be non-zero during relatively brief collision seasons, when the peak collision probability may exceed the long-term average by several orders of magnitude. Derived precession-angle averages have a functional form similar but not identical to the collision probability expression derived using the spatial density approach of Kessler (Icarus, 48: 39–48, 1981), and the two methods have been found to yield numerical results to within 1% for all cases examined.     

卫星编队飞行相对轨道的摄动研究综述

卫星在编队飞行过程中总受到各种摄动力的作用，由于轨道摄动直接影响卫星的寿命，研究卫星编队飞行相对轨道的摄动问题具有重要的意义。本文综述了国内外有关编队飞行卫星相对轨道摄动问题的研究方法以及进展，最后针对目前相对轨道摄动的研究现状，指出了进一步的研究方向。     

可实现定点停泊与轨迹逼近的航天器交会控制

许多空间任务均需进行轨道交会,据任务的不同,对轨道交会的要求也不同,某些情况下需要跟踪星在交会的过程中暂时停泊于某一点,某些情况下对交会过程的视线角与轨迹提出一定的要求.针对这种需求,设计了一种闭环反馈控制方法,可以使跟踪星在设定的某点进行停泊及停泊保持,也可以沿设定的某条轨迹逼近目标,以满足不同任务对交会过程的不同要求.经仿真表明,此方法能够很好的满足任务要求,并具有精度高、能耗低、跟踪速度快的特点.