导弹燃气流瞬态温度测量系统设计

介绍了采用蓝宝石黑体腔光纤作为传感器的导弹燃气流瞬态温度测量系统的测量原理、系统组成,阐述了其硬件功能模块设计,给出了软件设计算法及蓝宝石黑体腔光纤高温计的标定方法。     

Mechanical behavior and properties of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites for high temperature use

Ceramics can keep their mechanical characteristics up to 2 000℃ or higher.In this paper,A model to predict ultimate strength of continuous fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composites is developed.A statistical theory for the strength of a uni-axially fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composite is presented.Also a semi-empirical frictional heating method for estimating in-situ interfacial shear in fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites was improved.Local uneven fiber packing variation as well as uneven micro-damage during fatigue can be expected to have effects on the composites:generation of frictional heating,thermal gradients,and residual stresses around local fiber breaks.This study examined those engineering interests by the finite element method.      

带减振器的光纤陀螺惯导系统有限元仿真建模方法

以某光纤陀螺捷联惯导系统的IMU单元为研究对象,利用有限元分析软件包Patran/Nastran建立了含减振器的IMU系统有限元模型。重点介绍了有限元模型中减振器的等效处理方法,比较了模型的随机振动响应计算结果和样机振动试验的实测结果,两者的误差在3.2%以内,证明了有限元建模过程中所使用的减振器等效处理方法的合理性。     

基于椭圆路径的光学镜面超精密研磨技术研究

利用基于椭圆成形方法建立的二次回转曲面加工误差模型,并用最小二乘方法建立了二次回转曲面铣磨误差辨识模型。考虑到各项误差对面形误差影响的相似性,分析了合并、分开辨识相似误差所引入的误差,以此得到处理相似误差的策略。     

大扫描视场飞行器共形光学系统设计

共形光学窗口外表面与飞行器轮廓相同,可以显著提升飞行器的整体性能,但在大扫描视场应用时,引入大量非对称动态像差,严重影响成像质量。针对大扫描视场的共形光学系统,提出了基于共形窗口内表面优化,以及分视场单元透镜阵列的动态像差校正方法,实现动态像差的静态化校正。在84°扫描视场范围内,对共形光学系统进行仿真验证,结果表明：该方法使共形光学系统在全扫描视场范围内的Zernike多项式系数绝对值从0~10.82λ减小到0~1λ（λ为波长）,同时各通道单元透镜阵列保持固定状态。与目前已有方法相比,本文显著提升了大扫描视场共形光学系统的成像质量和系统稳定性,有效简化了系统结构。本文的研究对实现大扫描视场、高成像质量和高稳定性的共形光学系统有重要意义。     

利用偏振图像加权融合及CLAHE算法的水下成像方法

针对传统基于偏振差分原理的水下光学成像方法中目标退偏振特性差异引起的图像中局部反射光损失的问题,本文提出了基于偏振图像加权融合与限制对比度自适应直方图均衡（Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization, CLAHE）算法的水下成像方法。一方面,将原始水下图像分解为偏振光强图像和非偏振光强图像,根据不同退偏振特性目标在两幅图像中的灰度值分布特点,设计相应的权重因子,对两幅图像进行加权融合。从而实现在压缩原始水下图像中散射光的同时,保留更多目标反射光,提升整体目标反射光在融合图像中所占的比例。另一方面,为了进一步提升融合图像的对比度,利用限制对比度自适应直方图均衡算法对融合图像进行处理。该算法能够在提升融合图像对比度的同时,有效避免图像噪声的放大。实验结果表明,相比于传统的偏振差分方法以及独立的直方图均衡化算法,本文提出的算法能够有效提升水下图像的清晰度和对比度。     

Microstructure and Optical Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered NbN Thin Films

Some fundamental studies on the preparation, structure and optical properties of NbN films were carried out. NbN thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different N2 partial pressures and different substrate temperatures ranging from –50 ℃ to 600 ℃. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize their phase com- ponents, microstructures, grain sizes and surface morphology. Optical properties inclusive of refractive indexes, extinction coefficients and transmittance of the NbN films under different sputtering conditions were measured. With the increase in the N2 partial pressure, δ-NbN phase structure gets forming and the grain size and lattice constant of the cubic NbN increasing. The deposited NbN film has relatively high values of refractive index and extinction coefficient in the wavelength ranging from 240 nm to 830 nm. Substrate tem- perature exerts notable influences on the microstructure and optical transmittance of the NbN films. The grain sizes of the δ-NbN film remarkably increase with the rise of the substrate temperature, while the transmittance of the films with the same thickness decreases. Ultra-fine granular film with particle size of several nanometers forms when the substrate is cooled to –50 ℃, and a remarkable aug- mentation of transmittance could be noticed under so low a temperature.     

Investigation on the Thermal Conductivity of 3-Dimensional and 4-Directional Braided Composites

It is vital to choose a factual and reasonable micro-structural model of braided composites for improving the calculating precision of thermal property of 3-D braided composites by finite element method (FEM). On the basis of new microstructure model of braided composites proposed recently, the model of FEM calculation for thermal conductivity of 3-dimennsional and 4-directional braided composites is set up in this paper. The curves of coefficient of effective thermal conductivity versus fiber volume ratio and interior braiding angle are obtained. Furthermore, comparing the results of FEM with the available experimental data,the reasonability and veracity of calculation are confirmed at the same time.     

千兆光纤先锋网通信协议及其在网卡中的实现

根据航空电子综合系统的特点,对FC标准簇进行简化,设计了先锋交换网的通信协议(FC-Pio(Fibre Channel-Pioneer Net)协议).重点介绍其在网卡(MC)中的实现.由于简化了通信协议,软硬件的合理分工,使全部控制电路集成在一片FPGA之中,用双面PCB板实现.采用FC-Pio精简协议,也有效地降低了软件通信开销,提高了数据通信效率.     

数字闭环光纤陀螺的调制串扰误差

 通过分析数字闭环光纤陀螺的阶梯波调制信号与输出死区、周期噪声干扰及小角速度漂移的关系,提出了调制串扰误差的概念。指出调制信号与探测器输出信号之间的电交叉耦合及调制信号产生的调制误差是产生调制串扰误差的干扰源。将调制串扰通道模型简化为比例环节和部分积分环节,并和光纤陀螺理想模型结合,建立了光纤陀螺调制串扰误差模型,利用该模型推导出了产生死区的条件及周期噪声干扰和小角速度漂移造成的输出偏差表达式,并对周期噪声的幅值、频率与陀螺输出量级、带宽之间的关系进行了定量分析。调制串扰误差的仿真和实验结果与理论分析结果基本一致,验证了调制串扰误差模型的正确性。