数字馈相条件下相控阵雷达最优扫描波位研究

针对相控阵雷达扫描波位序列的编排问题,从天线波位的几何关系出发,提出了基于相交电平约束的最优扫描波位序列的编排算法以及最佳波住序列的性能评估指标,并在此基础上,重点分析了数字馈相对天线最优扫描波位序列的性能的影响。分析计算表明,在目前移相器位数很难做高的条件下,数字馈相将使最优扫描波位序列的性能严重恶化,在实际设计中必须对扫描波位序列进行优化设计。     

基于模糊拍卖的天波超视距雷达多模式融合跟踪算法

天波超视距雷达通过电离层反射实现超视距广域监视,其地理坐标系下的量测方程存在强非线性,同时由于电离层的不同分层,造成了多路径传播的严重问题,即同时存在多个模式的量测。本文提出了一种基于模糊拍卖的多模式融合跟踪算法,将多路径信息看作是多传感器提供的同步量测信息,利用模糊拍卖算法对确认量测和传播模式进行分配,再利用多传感器数据融合的方法对多模式信息进行同步数据融合。仿真结果表明,在杂波环境中,跟踪一个存在4种可能非线性量测的匀速运动目标时,本文提出的基于模糊拍卖的多模式融合跟踪算法与多径概率数据互联算法相比,在距离维、距离变化率维和方位维的精度具有很大改善,且耗时大大缩短,能更好地提供预警信息。     

复杂电磁环境下雷达目标距离像识别效果评估

分析了战场电磁环境复杂性及其对雷达目标高分辨距离像特征提取和目标识别影响,分别以距离像失真和识别率为度量标准,通过对比特征提取和目标识别效果,提出了一种复杂电磁环境下雷达目标距离像识别效能评估方法,并进行了仿真计算。     

机载火控雷达的作战使用环境分析

首先分析了机载火控雷达的目标环境,给出了固定翼飞机、直升机、无人机、巡航导弹等目标的简要特性;然后分析了机载火控雷达的电磁干扰环境,总结了自然干扰、己方无意干扰和敌方恶意干扰的分类、作用机理及其影响,着重对敌方有源干扰、无源干扰、复合干扰的技术样式和使用方法进行了分析。     

基于结构特征的弹道目标雷达识别技术

弹道目标的结构特征反映了目标的本质属性,是识别真假目标最直观的特征之一。分析了弹道目标的结构特征差异,系统归纳了基于结构特征的弹道目标雷达识别方法。根据雷达提取结构特征所采用的信息不同,将这种识别方法分为基于RCS序列的识别方法、基于一维像的识别方法、基于二维像的识别方法以及基于极化信息的识别方法,详细阐述了这四类识别方法的物理基础及其实现途径,分析了它们各自的特点,最后展望了技术发展趋势。     

一种相控阵雷达指纹特征提取技术

相控阵雷达指纹特征提取技术是相控阵雷达个体识别研究的一项重要内容。通过建立一种典型的相控阵雷达脉冲流模型,利用高精度测量的PRI值,提取了相控阵雷达的相对晶振钟频。     

测试理论在紧缩场天线测试中的新应用

文章以中国空间技术研究院紧缩场测试系统的组成和特点为例,分析介绍了紧缩场测试误差的来源、测试设备必要的升级改造和测试软件的更新应用。通过将测试理论知识应用于测试工程实际,可有效去除由于测试场非理想因素引入的各类测试误差,获得更接近天线实际性能的测试结果;同时有效分析处理测试数据,简化实际测试工作,提高测试效率。     

基于MIMO圆阵雷达的二维DOA估计新算法

基于对均匀圆阵导向矢量的分析,将四元均匀圆阵作为多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达的发射阵,通过构造相应的二阶统计量并对其进行联合对角化获得了目标方位角和俯仰角的闭式解,以实现存在角度兼并时目标的二维到达方向(DOA)的估计,并保持原DOA矩阵方法无需二维谱峰搜索和参数配对等优点。仿真结果证明算法正确、可行。     

Ion dynamics associated with Alfven wave in the near-Earth magnetotail: Two-dimensional global hybrid simulation

Ion dynamics in the near-Earth magnetotail region is examined during periods of fast Earthward flow with a two-dimensional (2-D) global-scale hybrid simulation. The simulation shows that shear Alfven waves are generated at x ∼ −10R_E, where the strong earthward flow is arrested by the dipole field, and propagate along field lines from the equator to both southern and northern polar ionosphere. Non-gyrotropic ion velocity distributions occur where the large-amplitude Alfven waves are dominant. The simulation indicates that the Alfven waves are generated by interaction of the fast earthward flow with the stationary near-Earth plasma. Beam ions are found to be pitch-angle scattered and trapped in the wave field, leading to the non-gyrotropic ion distributions in the high-latitude plasma sheet boundary. In addition, significant particle heating and acceleration are found to occur behind the dipolarization front due to the effect of wave turbulence.     

Improvement in the GERB short wave flux estimations over snow covered surfaces

Because space-borne radiometers do not measure the Earth’s outgoing fluxes directly, angular distribution models (ADMs) are required to relate actual radiance measurement to flux at given solar angle, satellite-viewing geometries, surface, and atmospheric conditions. The conversion of one footprint broad-band radiance into the corresponding flux requires therefore one to first characterize each footprint in terms of surface type and cloud cover properties to properly select the adequate ADM.

A snow (and sea-ice) retrieval technique based on spectral measurements from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) on board Meteosat 8 is presented. It has been developed to improve the scene identification and thus the ADM selection in the near-real time processing of the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) data at the Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium. The improvement in the GERB short wave flux estimations over snow covered scene types resulting from angular conversion using dedicated snow ADMs (e.g., empirical snow ADMs and/or pre-computed theoretical snow ADM) instead of empirical snow-free ADMs is discussed.