基于投影法的双后掠乘波体气动性能

双后掠布局能有效改善乘波体低速时的气动性能不足。为了获得双后掠乘波体,目前常采用的是定前缘型线的吻切锥乘波体设计方法,但该设计方法存在设计过程复杂,激波出口型线与理论不一致等问题。而采用直接投影获得双后掠乘波体的设计方法可以解决上述问题。为了系统研究基于投影法的双后掠乘波体的气动性能,使用CFD方法分析了采用该方法生成的双后掠乘波体在高超声速与低速时的气动性能。结果表明,该方法获得的乘波体在高超声速下的气动性能与定前缘型线的双后掠乘波体相当。且此方法仍保留了高超声速下"波效应"引起大攻角非线性升力、低速下"涡效应"有效提高升阻比等双后掠乘波体的优良气动特征,为基于投影法的双后掠乘波体的工程应用提供了指导。     

重型直升机飞行动力学刚弹耦合建模及空中共振稳定性分析

针对重型直升机（HLH）大重量、低转速的固有特性,提出了一种适用于重型直升机的飞行动力学刚弹耦合建模方法。该方法结合传统直升机飞行动力学与旋翼机体耦合动力学,将传统飞行力学的分析频段拓展到了5 Hz,额外考虑了桨叶和机体的弹性变形,基于阻抗匹配法推导出了显式的旋翼/机体耦合动力学方程,模拟了真实飞行状态下的直升机气弹耦合特性,利用该模型计算并分析了算例重型直升机的悬停飞行特性和空中共振稳定性。结果表明：旋翼机体耦合导致摆振前进型和机体弹性模态的阻尼-转速曲线先相互靠近至同一点再分离,可能引起直升机的高频瞬态振动;在摆振等效阻尼不足时,旋翼摆振后退型是不稳定的,但随着等效阻尼增加,摆振二阶周期型模态和机体弹性模态会出现耦合;桨叶弹性变形与机体弯曲模态及挥舞集合型耦合,但不会引起明显的不稳定现象。     

Libration and end body swing stabilization of a parallel partial space elevator system

This paper studies the libration and stabilization of a parallel partial space elevator system in circular orbits. The system is made up of two paralleled partial space elevators, each of which consists of one main satellite, one end body and a climber moving along the tether between them. The libration characteristics of the elevator are studied through numerical analysis by a new dynamic model, and a novel control strategy is proposed to stabilize the swing of the end body by projecting the climber speeds only. Optimal control method is used to implement the new control strategy in the case where the climbers move in opposite direction. The simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy whose application will neither sacrifice the transport efficiency nor exacerbate libration significantly.     

Deployment dynamics for flexible deployable primary mirror of space telescope with paraboloidal and laminated structure by using absolute node coordinate method

A nonlinear dynamic modeling method for primary mirror of Flower-like Deployable Space Telescope (F-DST) undergoing large deployment motion is proposed in this paper. To ensure pointing accuracy and attitude stability of the paraboloidal primary mirror, the mirror is discretized into equal thickness shell elements by considering shell curvature. And the material nonlinear constitutive relation of flexible mirror is acquired using Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation (ANCF). Furthermore, the primary mirror of F-DST can be regarded as a clustered multi-body system, and its dynamic equations of elastic deformation and deployment motion are established by virtual work principle. Finally, the deployment motion of primary mirror by different driving conditions are simulated, the results show that the vibrations of mirrors that driven by elastic hinge device are more than that driven by servo motor. In addition, single sub-mirror deployment process will perturb the pointing accuracy of primary mirror, and the multiple sub-mirrors simultaneously deploying will seriously affect all the sub-mirrors surface accuracy because of the coupling effect. Thus, there are theoretical value and practical significance for the controlling surface accuracy and attitude accuracy of space telescope.     

A hybrid multidimensional Riemann solver to couple self-similar method with MULTV method for complex flows

Since proposed, the self-similarity variables based genuinely multidimensional Riemann solver is attracting more attentions due to its high resolution in multidimensional complex flows. However, it needs numerous logical operations in supersonic cases, which limit the method’s applicability in engineering problems greatly. In order to overcome this defect, a hybrid multidimensional Riemann solver, called HMTHS (Hybrid of MulTv and multidimensional HLL scheme based on Self-similar structures), is proposed. It simulates the strongly interacting zone by adopting the MHLLES (Multidimensional Harten-Lax-van Leer-Eifeldt scheme based on Self-similar structures) scheme at subsonic speeds, which is with a high resolution by considering the second moment in the similarity variables. Also, it adopts the MULTV (Multidimensional Toro and Vasquez) scheme, which is with a high resolution in capturing discontinuities, to simulate the flux at supersonic speeds. Systematic numerical experiments, including both one-dimensional cases and two-dimensional cases, are conducted. One-dimensional moving contact discontinuity case and sod shock tube case suggest that HMTHS can accurately capture one-dimensional expansion waves, shock waves, and linear contact discontinuities. Two-dimensional cases, such as the double Mach reflection case, the supersonic shock / boundary layer interaction case, the hypersonic flow over the cylinder case, and the hypersonic viscous flow over the double-ellipsoid case, indicate that the HMTHS scheme is with a high resolution in simulating multidimensional complex flows. Therefore, it is promising to be widely applied in both scholar and engineering areas.     

筒式偏心在轨分离角速度抑制方法

筒式偏心在轨分离是一类特殊的在轨分离问题,小卫星偏心安装而产生的分离力矩将导致分离角速度,进而影响小卫星的分离指向精度,甚至导致释放平台姿态失稳。而常规的姿态大角速度机动、姿态快速稳定控制方法难以在小卫星出筒前的极短时间内完成分离角速度抑制。因此,进行了卫星筒式偏心在轨分离动力学分析,基于分离角速度的产生,提出了抑制分离姿态干扰的前馈控制力矩法和角速度预偏置法。在此基础上,推导了关键控制参数的近似计算公式,给出了控制量的优化求解方法,并分析了控制干扰因素对抑制结果的影响。最后,通过仿真算例分析,对比验证了两种抑制方法的有效性,并给出了其工程应用的建议。     

优化镍基高温合金X-750热处理工艺参数的非线性超声无损评估方法

为了获得更好的材料性能,需要对热处理工艺参数进行精确地优化。非线性超声无损检测技术是一种可以有效表征材料微观结构状态变化的评估方法,可以用来评估、优化热处理工艺参数。利用非线性超声波对热处理后的X-750合金材料进行评估,根据超声传播的非线性响应不同,对材料的性能变化做出判断,并与线性超声检测技术的评估结果进行了对比研究。研究发现经过热处理之后,材料性能显著提高,在其中传播的超声非线性响应则明显下降。材料经过热处理后性能提升越大,其声学非线性响应就会变得越小。根据超声波传播的非线性响应定性评估了3种不同的热处理工艺,明确了最优的镍基高温合金X-750退火工艺参数。研究证实了非线性超声方法的敏感度优于传统的线性超声评估方法,可以对材料的热处理效果进行无损评估,从而对热处理工艺参数进行优化与完善。     

Numerical simulation of a UAV impacting engine fan blades

A 3D digital model of a small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is obtained by using the method of scanning reverse modeling and joint mapping. A numerical simulation of a small UAV strikes on rotary engine blades, presented in this paper, was performed with a Transient Nonlinear Finite Element code PAM-CRASH software. A test of motor strike on plate was developed and the dynamic response of the plate were obtained to validate the numerical simulation method of a UAV strike on blades. Based on this, dynamic damage response caused by UAV on the engine blades were studied. It is indicated that the impact process between the UAV and a single blade can be divided into two typical stages: cutting and impact. Cutting mainly leads to the failure of the leading edge material, and impact mainly leads to the plastic deformation of the blade. At the same time, it is compared with the damage impacted by bird with the same mass. For the same mass of bird and UAV, the damage caused by UAV striking fan blade is more serious, and 1.345 kg UAV striking fan blade of typical civil aviation engine is enough to cause damage to flight safety.     

带多充液圆柱贮箱航天器刚-液耦合动力学研究

文中以在低重环境下带多充液圆柱贮箱刚性航天器中刚-液耦合方程的建立和求解为主要研究目的。推导航天器中充液圆柱贮箱内任意点的牵连运动方程,根据壁面边界条件给出了贮箱内液体牵连晃动势的表达式;利用第二类边界条件下的傅立叶-贝塞尔级数展开法对低重力环境下的弯曲自由液面处的复杂动力学边界条件进行处理,建立以液体相对晃动势的模态坐标和晃动波高的模态坐标为状态向量的液体耦合晃动力学方程,通过积分分别得到了耦合晃动力和耦合晃动力矩的解析式;运用准坐标系下的拉格朗日方程建立以航天器主刚体姿态坐标和轨道坐标为状态向量的刚体耦合运动动力学方程,进一步联立上述耦合方程得到航天器整体系统的刚-液耦合动力学状态方程;最后,编制出适用于带多充液圆柱贮箱航天器内刚-液耦合动力学计算的模块化计算程序,通过计算实例验证所编程序的准确性的同时,研究了携带多充液箱航天器系统贮箱布局、外激励方式对航天器刚-液耦合系统动力学特性的影响。     

多刚体卫星转动惯量在轨辨识

惯量辨识需要精确的动力学特性,针对动力学特性不可忽略太阳电池阵转动这一状况,提出一种惯量辨识方法,用于卫星本体惯量和太阳电池阵惯量的联合辨识.在建立多刚体姿态动力学基础上,针对辨识变量的耦合特性,推导带约束的优化辨识模型,再利用约束最小二乘算法求解.最后通过仿真计算验证了辨识方法的可行性.