A new bearing fault diagnosis method based on modified convolutional neural networks

Fault diagnosis is vital in manufacturing system. However, the first step of the traditional fault diagnosis method is to process the signal, extract the features and then put the features into a selected classifier for classification. The process of feature extraction depends on the experimenters’ experience, and the classification rate of the shallow diagnostic model does not achieve satisfactory results. In view of these problems, this paper proposes a method of converting raw signals into two-dimensional images. This method can extract the features of the converted two-dimensional images and eliminate the impact of expert’s experience on the feature extraction process. And it follows by proposing an intelligent diagnosis algorithm based on Convolution Neural Network (CNN), which can automatically accomplish the process of the feature extraction and fault diagnosis. The effect of this method is verified by bearing data. The influence of different sample sizes and different load conditions on the diagnostic capability of this method is analyzed. The results show that the proposed method is effective and can meet the timeliness requirements of fault diagnosis.     

月球表层采样样品智能确认方法

表层采样是月球采样探测的重要方式，样品智能确认有助于提升工作效率与复杂问题处理能力。结合月球表层采样铲挖工作过程，分析了铲挖过程中臂载相机图像的特点，模仿有人参与识别过程，提出了层次解耦的月球样品智能识别流程，利用深度学习方法构建了一类深度卷积识别网络，完整地描述了图像、特征、标记在网络中的正反传递关系，并在月球表层采样地面试验中进行了验证，结果表明该方法对不同光照、不同背景、不同过程、不同形态的样品，具有较好的泛化识别能力，误识别率优于8.1%，平均单幅识别时间约0.7 s。     

Application of a PCA-DBN-based surrogate model to robust aerodynamic design optimization

An efficient method employing a Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-Deep Belief Network (DBN)-based surrogate model is developed for robust aerodynamic design optimization in this study. In order to reduce the number of design variables for aerodynamic optimizations, the PCA technique is implemented to the geometric parameters obtained by parameterization method. For the purpose of predicting aerodynamic parameters, the DBN model is established with the reduced design variables as input and the aerodynamic parameters as output, and it is trained using the k-step contrastive divergence algorithm. The established PCA-DBN-based surrogate model is validated through predicting lift-to-drag ratios of a set of airfoils, and the results indicate that the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model is reliable and obtains more accurate predictions than three other surrogate models. Then the efficient optimization method is established by embedding the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model into an improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) framework, and applied to the robust aerodynamic design optimizations of Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) airfoil and transonic wing. The optimization results indicate that the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model works very well as a prediction model in the robust optimization processes of both NLF airfoil and transonic wing. By employing the PCA-DBN-based surrogate model, the developed efficient method improves the optimization efficiency obviously.     

基于改进的卷积神经网络的步态识别

为了提高惯性传感器采集到的序列数据中步态识别的准确率,建立了一个激励层改进的卷积神经网络(CNN)模型。针对三轴加速度传感器对运动太过敏感导致步态周期划分不准确的问题,采用加速度传感器与弯曲度传感器组合获取人体运动信息。将CNN模型中激励层的线性整流函数(ReLU)改进为带泄露线性整流函数(Leaky ReLU),以解决遇到卷积输出数据小于0时神经元被抑制的问题,进而达到提高步态识别准确率的目的。实验结果表明激励层优化的CNN模型在行走、上下楼和上下坡五种步态模式下识别率达到了95.79%,与未采用弯曲度传感器的改进CNN模型和未进行激励层改进的CNN模型相比,步态识别率有所提高。     

神经网络模型在压气机通流特性分析中的应用

为了解决通流特性分析程序中原始模型对压气机性能预测精度不足的问题,提高压气机通流特性分析过程的可靠性,基于对大量多圆弧叶栅的数值模拟结果建立了压气机叶栅性能数据库,并以该数据库为依托,采用神经网络建模方法建立了压气机叶栅基准损失系数和基准落后角模型。结果显示:两模型对叶栅基准损失系数和基准落后角的预测精度均满足工程应用要求,其精度分别为±0.002和±1°。在对采用神经网络模型的通流特性分析程序校验过程中发现,其无论对压气机整机性能还是对流动细节的预测精度上都获得了显著提高,尤其是在主流区。此外从压气机整体特性上看,基准损失系数和基准落后角精度的提高对非设计工况损失系数和落后角的预测精度影响是积极的。      

基于神经网络的自适应状态观测器

利用ＢＰ神经网络动态系统对一类非线性时变系统的状态进行了估计。利用神经网络的“学习－遗忘”特性,提出了非线性时变系统的自适应状态观测器,对其结构及特性进行了讨论。仿真结果表明这种自适应状态观测器能跟踪系统参数及状态的变化。     

人工神经网络在CAPP系统开发工具中的应用

探讨了基于神经网络理论在ＣＡＰＰ系统开发工具的应用;建立了工艺过程设计系统的ＡＮＮ模型;详细讨论了工艺过程设计系统的推理机制,并给出了用集成ＢＰ网络选择加工方法及通过改进Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ网络确定工艺路线的过程。     

基于神经网络的智能复合材料损伤评估系统

介绍了一种复合材料损伤评估的新系统。该系统由埋入光纤传感器阵列、形状记忆合金丝和Ｋ　ｏｈｏｎｅｎ　自组织神经网络处理器组成。由埋入光纤传感器阵列实现对材料损伤的检测,神经网络由ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ２５　高速并行处理器和ＩＢＭＰＣ／３８６组成的高速并行分布处理器进行模拟,实现传感器输出信号的实时处理,并产生相应的控制信号激励形状记忆合金丝（ＳＭＡ）,以改变材料的应力状态,延缓材料的破坏。     

人工神经网络在飞机总体外形智能CAD中的应用

将人工神经网络应用于飞机总体外形智能ＣＡＤ中,针对现有方法的局限性,研究了参数神经网络,提出了一种综合考虑影响神经网络学习３个主要因素（权值、激励函数和拓扑结构）的ＷＡＦＳ学习算法,并研究了隶属函数的神经网络表达和基于神经网络的并行推理,给出了有关应用实例。     

航空活塞式发动机瞬态空燃比控制仿真研究

针对航空活塞式直喷发动机瞬态空燃比难以精确控制、动态超调大等问题,采用基于改进的粒子群优化算法和Elman神经网络(VPSO-Elman网络)的模型预测控制算法对发动机过渡工况空燃比进行控制。在实验数据的基础上,利用发动机建模软件AMESim建立发动机模型,在MATLAB/Simulink中建立VPSO-Elman空燃比预测模型控制系统,通过联合仿真检验控制系统的性能。结果表明:瞬态工况下,相比于比例-积分-微分（PID）控制,VPSO-Elman网络模型预测控制下的空燃比超调量可以减小约20%,回调时间缩短约75%;针对不同的节气门开度变化速率,VPSO-Elman控制器同样具有良好的控制效果。