复杂可修系统效能中可信度矩阵的构造方法

复杂可修系统可信度建模对保证效能的定量分析至关重要.本文在考虑不同维修状况的基础上,着重对不同任务剖面内相应任务阶段中武器装备可信度进行了深入的定量分析和综合,进而构造出武器装备的可信度矩阵,用于武器装备的效能分析;文中以某地面车辆为例,进一步论证了武器装备可信度矩阵的工程含义,旨在为合理确定一大类武器装备的效能和可信度指标提供理论依据.     

A formal approach using SysML for capturing functional requirements in avionics domain

In this work, a Model-Based Systems Engineering approach based on SysML is proposed. This approach is used for the capture and the definition of functional requirements in avionics domain. The motivation of this work is triple: guide the capture of functional requirements, validate these functional requirements through functional simulation, and verify efficiently the consistency of these functional requirements. The proposed approach is decomposed into several steps that are detailed to go from conceptual model of avionics domain to a formal functional model that can be simulated in its operating context. To achieve this work, a subset of SysML has been used as an intermediate modelling language to ensure progressive transformation that can be understood and agreed by system stakeholders. Formal concepts are introduced to ensure theoretical consistency of the approach. In addition, transformation rules are defined and the mappings between concepts of ARP4754A civil aircraft guidelines and SysML are formalized through meta-model. The resulting formalization enables engineers to perform functional simulation of the top-level functional architecture extracted from operational scenarios. Finally, the approach has been tested on an industrial avionics system called the Onboard Maintenance System.     

Integration of lessons from recent research for “Earth to Mars” life support systems

Development of reliable and robust strategies for long-term life support for planetary exploration must be built from real-time experimentation to verify and improve system components. Also critical is incorporating a range of viable options to handle potential short-term life system imbalances. This paper revisits some of the conceptual framework for a Mars base prototype which has been developed by the authors along with others previously advanced (“Mars on Earth^®”) in the light of three years of experimentation in the Laboratory Biosphere, further investigation of system alternatives and the advent of other innovative engineering and agri-ecosystem approaches. Several experiments with candidate space agriculture crops have demonstrated the higher productivity possible with elevated light levels and improved environmental controls. For example, crops of sweet potatoes exceeded original Mars base prototype projections by an average of 46% (53% for best crop) ultradwarf (Apogee) wheat by 9% (23% for best crop), pinto bean by 13% (31% for best crop). These production levels, although they may be increased with further optimization of lighting regimes, environmental parameters, crop density etc. offer evidence that a soil-based system can be as productive as the hydroponic systems which have dominated space life support scenarios and research. But soil also offers distinct advantages: the capability to be created on the Moon or Mars using in situ space resources, reduces long-term reliance on consumables and imported resources, and more readily recycling and incorporating crew and crop waste products. In addition, a living soil contains a complex microbial ecosystem which helps prevent the buildup of trace gases or compounds, and thus assist with air and water purification. The atmospheric dynamics of these crops were studied in the Laboratory Biosphere adding to the database necessary for managing the mixed stands of crops essential for supplying a nutritionally adequate diet in space. This paper explores some of the challenges of small bioregenerative life support: air-sealing and facility architecture/design, balance of short-term variations of carbon dioxide and oxygen through staggered plantings, options for additional atmospheric buffers and sinks, lighting/energy efficiency engineering, crop and waste product recycling approaches, and human factor considerations in the design and operation of a Mars base. An “Earth to Mars” project, forging the ability to live sustainably in space (as on Earth) requires continued research and testing of these components and integrated subsystems; and developing a step-by-step learning process.     

飞机加装组合导航系统方案

论述了飞机加装组合导航系统的技术性能及系统配置的情况。     

Angles-only relative orbit determination in low earth orbit

The paper provides an overview of the angles-only relative orbit determination activities conducted to support the Autonomous Vision Approach Navigation and Target Identification (AVANTI) experiment. This in-orbit endeavor was carried out by the German Space Operations Center (DLR/GSOC) in autumn 2016 to demonstrate the capability to perform spaceborne autonomous close-proximity operations using solely line-of-sight measurements. The images collected onboard have been reprocessed by an independent on-ground facility for precise relative orbit determination, which served as ultimate instance to monitor the formation safety and to characterize the onboard navigation and control performances. During two months, several rendezvous have been executed, generating a valuable collection of images taken at distances ranging from 50?km to only 50?m. Despite challenging experimental conditions characterized by a poor visibility and strong orbit perturbations, angles-only relative positioning products could be continuously derived throughout the whole experiment timeline, promising accuracy at the meter level during the close approaches. The results presented in the paper are complemented with former angles-only experience gained with the PRISMA satellites to better highlight the specificities induced by different orbits and satellite designs.     

基于实测星载原子钟数据的脉冲星守时方法

利用脉冲星估计星载原子钟钟差是实现卫星自主守时的途径之一。为充分分析基于脉冲星的自主守时系统性能，利用实测的星载原子钟钟差数据和中子星内部组成探测器(neutron star interior composition explorer, NICER)的PSR B1937+21脉冲星的观测数据，对比分析了星载原子钟和脉冲星的误差特性。设计了脉冲星守时系统框架和星载原子钟钟差估计方法。以实测的星载原子钟钟差数据为基础，计算分析了脉冲星守时系统的性能。计算结果表明，若脉冲星的脉冲到达时间（time of arrival, TOA）解算精度为1 μs/30 d，则原子钟钟差估计精度可达到优于1 μs的水平，初步验证了脉冲星守时系统的可行性。     

由感知到动作决策一体化的类脑导航技术研究现状与未来发展

随着脑与神经科学以及人工智能技术的持续发展，昆虫和哺乳动物大脑导航机理启发下的感知/认知/路径规划/动作决策一体化类脑导航技术得到了较大发展，可以实现由原始感知信息输入到导航动作决策的直接输出，呈现出接近动物端到端面向目标导航的智能行为，具有提高密集型无人机集群导航鲁棒性、准确性、实时响应动作、自主智能性以及计算效率的潜力。阐述了昆虫和哺乳动物大脑导航机理及其互补对称关系，以及昆虫和哺乳动物大脑导航机理启发的端到端类脑导航技术内涵；论述了类脑导航技术研究进展，包括类脑环境感知、类脑空间认知、面向目标类脑导航；分析了类脑导航向智能化、神经形态系统以及群体导航发展的新趋势；最后讨论了类脑导航技术应用于无人机密集集群系统时存在的挑战。     

混合三元系超大集

对于三类混合三元系超大集Ti-OLGD（v）（i=1,2,3）,T1-OLGD（v）和T2-OLGD（v）的存在谱已经完全解决了,而对于T3-OLGD（v）的存在性问题,所知结果很少。本文利用代数和组合设计相结合的方法,主要利用有限域的相关知识,对于T3-OLGD（q-1）（q为素数幂）,给出了一种新的构造方法,从而得到了一系列的结果。