冯·卡门撞击坑物质成分研究

“嫦娥4号”预计在月球背面的冯·卡门（Von Kármán）撞击坑着陆,为近距离研究月球最大和最古老的南极—艾肯（South Pole-Aitken）盆地的形成和演化提供了机会。综合利用多种光谱数据,本研究分析了冯·卡门撞击坑及其周边地区TiO₂和FeO的含量变化,以及铁镁质矿物的分布情况,并推断了其主要的岩石类型。研究结果表明：冯·卡门撞击坑内部贫TiO₂（约1.5~2.5 wt%）富FeO（约12~16 wt%）,主要岩石类型为低钛玄武岩。撞击坑以外的地层则以苏长岩质物质（低钙辉石）为主,并含有约1 wt%的TiO₂和10 wt%的FeO。此外,冯·卡门撞击坑外的南部局fFf), and infilled by low-Ti basalts. The materials outside the crater are dominated by noritic materials (Low-Ca pyroxene) with abundance of TiO₂(~1 wt%)and FeO(~10 wt%). In addition, some plagioclase-rich layers are also exposed on the southern region outside the Von Kármán crater.     

基于多因子综合评估的月球探测软着陆区域及最佳巡航路线分析

选择合适的软着陆区域及规划合理的巡航路线是月球探测的基础工作。以位于月球背面南极—艾肯（South Pole-Aitken,SPA）盆地内的冯·卡门（Von Kármán）撞击坑作为研究区域,综合使用多因子分析评估了月球探测的着陆区域和巡航路线。评价体系主要包括能表征着陆安全性的撞击坑的密度、撞击坑的影响区域、整个区域的平整情况、部分区域的平整情况等因子和体现科学探索意义的区域垂直结构、岩石属性和（FeO+TiO₂）含量等因子,其中科学探索的评估分析是在安全可行性的基础上进行的。结果表明：在多因子叠加分析的基础上可选择出A、B及C 3个着陆区,并通过科学研究因子分析出路线2及路线3为合适的巡航路线。本研究为月球探测器着陆和巡航路线的规划提供了科学依据,为后续的月球探测工作提供了技术支持。     

用n表示第n个素数

给出一个用ｎ 表示第ｎ 个素数的公式ｐ１ ＝ ２ｐｎ ＝ ３ ＋ ∑∞ｋ＝ １ １ ＋ ｎ － １２ － ∑ｋｉ＝ １ ｓｉｎ （２ｉ）２ｉ＋ １πｓｉｎ π２ｉ ＋ １ｎ － １２ － ∑ｋｉ＝ １ ｓｉｎ （２ｉ）２ｉ＋ １πｓｉｎ π２ｉ ＋ １ 　　（ｎ ＝ ２,３,４,…）     

双燃式(超燃)冲压发动机中激波与边界层之间相互作用对内部流动的影响

在激波风洞中研究了激波与边界层之间相互作用对双燃式（超燃）冲压发动机进气道和燃烧室冷态内部流场的影响,实验发现在进气道中,激波与边界层之间的相互作用产生了两侧均为超声速流的滑移面。实验结果表明内涵道（亚燃室）中流动状态的变化与激波－边界层之间相互作用密切相关。     

通过矩形喷嘴的非稳定液体射流

绍了关于用矩形喷嘴进行的瞬态液体射流的实验研究结果。流动显示演示了在喷流过程中液体射流的种种不稳定现象。笔者推广了Ryhming的理论模型，计算了喷嘴出口的射流速度，并与实验结果进行了比较。     

基于多态系统的总线胚胎电子阵列可靠性分析

通过分析总线胚胎电子阵列（BBEEA）的结构特点和工作原理,将多态系统理论引入到阵列的可靠性分析中,采用通用生成函数（UGF）方法建立了阵列的可靠性分析模型。与基于n/k系统的阵列可靠性分析模型进行对比,验证了基于多态系统阵列可靠性分析模型的正确性和有效性。利用建立的阵列可靠性分析模型对总线胚胎电子阵列的可靠性进行分析,根据阵列的可靠性要求指导阵列的结构设计。同时,对比不同规模总线胚胎电子阵列与典型胚胎电子阵列（EEA）的可靠性,分析总线胚胎电子阵列的性能。分析结果表明:建立的阵列可靠性分析模型能够准确有效地分析阵列的可靠性,将阵列的可靠性分析与工作状态相结合,对阵列的结构设计和预防性维修决策具有重要的指导意义。      

双向电脉冲激励压电超声换能器实验研究

本文对双向电脉冲激励压电陶瓷超声换能器进行实验研究。对两种类型的换能器进行了实验,进而利用迭加原理对换能器所产生的脉冲超声波波形进行了讨论。结果证明,双向电脉冲是激励压电超声换能器比较理想的电脉冲波形,可以得到幅值大、脉冲持续时间短的超声波,有广泛的应用前景。     

The response of sporadic E-layer to the total solar eclipse of July 22, 2009 over the equatorial ionization anomaly region of the Indian zone

The digital ionosonde located in Bhopal (23.2°N, 77.2°E), India has been used to investigate the responses of the Es layer in the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest to the total solar eclipse (TSE) of July 22, 2009. Results show the presence of intense Es layer during and after the eclipse period. The gravity waves induced by the solar eclipse propagated upward in the Es layer and produced the periodic disturbance. The results of the wavelet analysis display the presence of dominant oscillation of about 24–32, 16–20 and 8 min. The appearance of intense sporadic-E concomitantly with the signatures of gravity wave suggests that the wind shear introduced by the solar eclipse induced gravity wave might be the plausible mechanism behind the intensification of Es-layer ionization.     

Wave emissions at half electron gyroharmonics in the equatorial plasmasphere region: CLUSTER observations and statistics

Intense (n + 1/2) f_ce emissions are a common phenomenon observed in the terrestrial inner magnetosphere. One of their interests is their possible effect in the pitch angle scattering of plasmasheet keV-electron, leading to diffuse auroras. In this paper, we present CLUSTER’s point of view about this topic, in the equatorial region of the plasmasphere, via a statistical study using 3 years of data. Spectral characteristics of these waves, which represent an important clue concerning their generation mechanism, are obtained using WHISPER data near perigee. Details on the wave spectral signature are shown in an event study, in particular their splitting in fine frequency bands. The orbit configuration of the four spacecraft offers a complete sampling on all MLT sectors. A higher occurrence rate of the emissions in the dawn sector and their confinement to the geomagnetic equator, pointed out in previous studies, are confirmed and described with additional details. The proximity of emission sites, both to the plasmapause layer and to the geomagnetic equator surface, seems to be of great importance in the behaviour of the (n + 1/2) f_ce wave characteristics. Our study indicates for the first time, that both the intensity of (n + 1/2) f_ce emissions, and the number of harmonic bands they cover, are increasing as the observation point is located further away outside from the plasmapause layer. Moreover, a study of the wave intensity in the first harmonic band (near 3/2 f_ce) shows higher amplitude for these emissions than previous published values, these emissions can play a role in the scattering of hot electrons. Finally, geomagnetic activity influence, studied via time series of the D_st index preceding observations, indicates that (n + 1/2) f_ce emission events are observed at CLUSTER position under moderate geomagnetic activity conditions, no specific D_st time variation being required.     

Various methods of calibration of the STEREO/WAVES antennas

On October 25th, 2006, NASA’s two STEREO spacecraft were launched which are designed to increase our knowledge of the physics of the solar system. On board they carry a sophisticated radio experiment, called S/WAVES. The key technology, used by S/WAVES is the direction finding capability in addition to the use of two spacecraft which makes it possible to triangulate radio sources. Direction finding requires the reception properties of the antennas to be known very accurately. We applied several different methods to calibrate the S/WAVES antennas. In this paper the methods are described and compared and the results are presented and discussed with respect to advantages and disadvantages of the different methods.