“一对一”空战中载机与目标的运动特性分析

从战术与技术相结合的角度,建立了“一对一”空战中交战双方的运动学方程,运用瞬时跨距的方法分析了载机与目标的相对运动,研究了目标在载机坐标系中的运动特性。文中的研究结果对歼击机“一对一”空战的战术选择有一定的指导意义。     

准双曲面齿轮冷摆辗方案回弹误差补偿

提出一种冷摆辗方案,该方案简化了模具结构,采用局部线接触连续塑性成形.采用位移修正算法构建回弹误差补偿迭代系统,对冷摆辗模具进行修正来降低回弹误差.该系统的特点是首先用修正算法预估下一次冷摆辗假设无回弹时工件的几何形状,然后由冷摆辗模具设计原理推出所需要的新冷摆辗模具.基于弹塑性有限元法基本理论,借助有限元数值模拟技术进行实例验证,分析结果证明:该回弹误差补偿迭代系统只需3次迭代工件误差已经在允许的范围内,因此其可大大的缩短生产周期和成本.      

Practical compensation for nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system

The real dynamic thrust measurement system usually tends to be nonlinear due to the complex characteristics of the rig, pipes connection, etc. For a real dynamic measuring system,the nonlinearity must be eliminated by some adequate methods. In this paper, a nonlinear model of dynamic thrust measurement system is established by using radial basis function neural network(RBF-NN), where a novel multi-step force generator is designed to stimulate the nonlinearity of the system, and a practical compensation method for the measurement system using left inverse model is proposed. Left inverse model can be considered as a perfect dynamic compensation of the dynamic thrust measurement system, and in practice, it can be approximated by RBF-NN based on least mean square(LMS) algorithms. Different weights are set for producing the multi-step force, which is the ideal input signal of the nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system. The validity of the compensation method depends on the engine’s performance and the tolerance error0.5%, which is commonly demanded in engineering. Results from simulations and experiments show that the practical compensation using left inverse model based on RBF-NN in dynamic thrust measuring system can yield high tracking accuracy than the conventional methods.     

旋转变压器误差补偿技术及应用

分析了多极旋转变压器的误差特性,介绍了误差补偿原理及方法,并通过 试验,验证了误差补偿方法的正确性及可行性。本方法适用于惯导系统及转台的角度转 换,可有效提高转换精度。     

基于检测结果的涡轮叶片精铸型腔反变形优化设计

针对空心涡轮叶片精铸过程中的试错法和数值仿真法难以敏捷反应铸件的真实变形情况,提出一种基于检测结果的精铸零件反变形综合补偿方法.通过对精铸叶片试模样件进行三坐标检测及统计分析,得到叶身截面收缩、扭转和弯曲变形情况,并建立其综合补偿反变形模具型腔优化算法,实现精铸型腔的反变形优化设计.以精铸叶片试模样件叶尖处截面为例,其叶身段型面误差、前缘最大误差、后缘最大误差相对于未补偿前分别减少了50%,68%和31%.实例验证表明:其研究成果能有效提高空心涡轮叶片的精铸成型精度,达到精确控形的目的.      

定长补偿电火花铣削加工中锥形电极的形成及稳定性

电火花铣削可以利用简单电极加工复杂工件,对铣削过程中电极损耗进行补偿是保证工件加工精度的重要措施。使用圆柱电极进行定长补偿铣削加工,加工过程中电极端面会形成一个圆锥形。为保证补偿精度,对电极圆锥形端面的形成及稳定性进行了研究。通过对定长补偿下工件被加工情况的研究,阐述了圆锥形电极形成的具体过程;并且论证了在加工进入稳定阶段以后,圆锥端面角度会基本保持在一个恒定值,研究了初始加工深度和补偿长度对锥形过渡阶段的影响;在电极直径、电参数一定情况下,验证了加工模型中锥形角度与目标加工深度的函数关系,实验结果与模型计算结果相差2.1%;最后给出了加工实例,并获得较好的加工效果。     

Friction moment analysis of space gyroscope bearing with ribbon cage under ultra-low oscillatory motion

This paper presents the model of calculating the total friction moment of space gyroscope ball bearings which usually work under ultra-low oscillatory motion and are very sensitive to the friction moment. The aim is to know the proportion of the friction moment caused by each frictional source in the bearing＇s total friction moment, which is helpful to optimize the bearing design to deduce the friction moment. In the model, the cage dynamic equations considering six degree-of-freedom and the balls dynamic equations considering two degree-of-freedom were solved.The good trends with different loads between the measured friction moments and computational results prove that the model under constant rate was validated. The computational results show that when the speed was set at 5 r/min, the bearing＇s maximum total friction moment when oscillation occurred was obviously larger than that occurred at a constant rate. At the onset of each oscillatory motion, the proportion of the friction moment caused by cage in the bearing＇s total friction moment was very high, and it increased with the increasing speed. The analyses of different cage thicknesses and different clearances between cage pocket and ball show that smaller thickness and clearance were preferred.     

虚拟座舱环境头颈部sEMG采集相关肌肉研究

针对虚拟座舱环境下飞行员头部运动实时准确检测问题,在对头部运动特性进行分析的基础上,系统性地总结了人体头颈部sEMG信号采集的相关研究文献。针对头部突然旋转和俯仰运动,通过实验验证已有的sEMG信号采集方法,确定了利用sEMG信号进行头部运动检测时所需要研究的肌肉及准确的肌肉位置标识以及电极放置方法。     

惯组中光纤陀螺温度漂移的二维插值建模研究

光纤陀螺对温度较为敏感,输出受温度及温度变化率影响严重,在实际工作中需要对温度漂移误差进行建模补偿。传统多项式拟合方法如最小二乘法,无法很好地满足精度要求。因此,首先对光纤陀螺工作原理与温度漂移误差产生原理进行分析,得出光纤陀螺温度漂移误差特性。利用传统多项式模型对不同温度下启动的光纤陀螺进行建模补偿,得到补偿后的精度并不理想。利用新的二维插值模型对上述试验重新进行建模补偿,结果表明二维插值模型明显优于多项式模型,光纤陀螺的零偏稳定性由补偿前的0.0153(°)/h提高到0.0051(°)/h,有利于工程上应用。     

一种基于输出误差观测的冗余MEMS-IMU标定技术研究

针对传统六位置标定存在标定步骤复杂、标定时间长等问题，同时随着MEMS器件冗余数目增加和冗余配置结构复杂化，利用分立标定技术实现器件误差参数辨识的难度进一步增大，且不同配置结构所采用的标定方法存在通用性较差的问题。因此提出了一种基于Kalman滤波的冗余MEMS-IMU分立标定方案。该方案首先采用小角度建模法实现安装误差的精确建模；然后针对直接以转台三轴角速率为观测值，导致部分状态量不可观的问题，提出了以器件的输出误差值作为观测量、以器件误差参数作为状态量设计Kalman滤波器；最后设计了高精度三轴转台转位编排方式，并利用四陀螺冗余结构进行标定仿真试验。仿真结果表明：该标定方法与六位置标定方案相比，标定精度平均提高了11.37%，可实现MEMS器件误差参数的快速辨识，对实际工程实践具有一定参考价值。