Indirect optimization for finite thrust orbit transfer and cooperative rendezvous using an initial guess generator

In this paper, the finite thrust nonplanar transfer and cooperative rendezvous are investigated. The indirect method is adopted in the optimization process. The energy-optimal to fuel-optimal continuation is performed by using the homotopy method. An initial guess generator (IGG) is designed based on a simplified dynamical model to overcome the difficulty in providing the initial guess. Some reasonable simplifications on the dynamical model are applied based on the near-circular near-coplanar transfer. The initial guess can be obtained by analytically solving a system of linear equations. Therefore, the IGG has high computational efficiency. Moreover, the terminal time and state are estimated by IGG to deal with the cooperative rendezvous problem. Numerical examples are presented and the validity of the “IGG-Homotopy” combined algorithm is verified.     

大口径非球面加工中最接近参考球面的精确计算

摆臂轮廓测量技术要求将摆臂精准的装调至待检测非球面的最接近参考球面上,需要精确确定非球面的最接近参考球半径及球心位置,而常规的近似法、精确公式法以及最小二乘法不能满足计算的精度和效率等要求。为了弥补现有算法的不足,文章介绍了一种分阶段逼近最接近参考球半径的计算方法,该算法在最小二乘法的基础上,通过精确线搜索技术以及牛顿迭代法,实现了最接近参考球半径求解的高精度、高效率,并且应用于大口径非球面计算时迭代效率有了较大提高。计算实例结果显示,该算法满足摆臂测量时大口径非球面的最接近参考球半径的求解要求。     

基于多因子组合判别的数字量帧通用解析方法

随着航天任务型号的不断改进,箭上各系统单机输出数字量数据的现象越来越普遍,且数字量数据帧结构也越来越复杂多样,在各型号之间差异也较大,这给遥测数据处理带来了巨大挑战。若各型号各种帧结构数字量数据均对应一种解析方法,那么软件需要经常做适应性修改,造成软件维护工作量大且容易出错。针对这种情况,在充分梳理总结以往各型号任务中复杂帧结构数字量数据的特点和对应解析方法的基础上,提出了基于数字量帧结构中多个因子作为综合判据的普适性的解析方法,称为“通用解析方法”,其中分析了各因子对数据帧解析的作用,讨论了块头、步长等重要因子的设计和判别,给出了通用实现过程。方法已多次应用于航天任务中,效果良好。     

Nonlinear modal electromechanical coupling factor for piezoelectric structures containing nonlinearities

Within the linear framework, the Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (MEMCF) is an important indicator to quantify the dynamic conversion of mechanical energy and electrical energy of piezoelectric structures. It is also an important tool to guide the piezoelectric damping design of linear structures. Advanced aircraft often fly in maneuvers, and the variable working conditions induce drastic changes in the load level on structures. Geometric and contact nonlinearities of thin-walled structures and joint structures are often activated. To achieve a good vibration reduction effect covering all working conditions, one cannot directly use linear electromechanical coupling theory to instruct the piezoelectric damping design for nonlinear structures. Therefore, this paper defines the Nonlinear Modal Electromechanical Coupling Factor (NMEMCF) and proposes the corresponding numerical method for the first time to quantitatively evaluate the electromechanical coupling capability of nonlinear piezoelectric structures. Three candidate definitions of the NMEMCF are given, including two frequency definitions and one energy definition. The energy definition is the most promising one. It is not only applicable to both conservative and dissipative nonlinear structures but also compatible with the linear MEMCF. In addition, based on the energy formula, the NMEMCF can be obtained by only performing one nonlinear modal analysis in the open-circuit state. The analytical findings and the numerical tool are validated against two piezoelectric structures with different types of nonlinearities. A strong correlation among the NMEMCF, geometric parameters, and energy dissipation is observed. The results confirm that the proposed NMEMCF captures the physics of the electromechanical coupling phenomenon associated with nonlinear piezoelectric structures and can be used as an essential design indicator of piezoelectric damping, especially for variable working conditions.     

不同后掠角大展弦比复合材料机翼气动特性

为了研究不同后掠角复合材料机翼的气动特性,建立了载荷模型;采用 K方法通过 Theodorsen函数推导得到了机翼颤振速度的计算公式,分析了 0°、5°、10°、15°、20°、25°和 30°共 7种不同后掠角机翼的模态,得到了模态频率和模态振型;仿真计算得到了机翼的颤振速度和发生颤振时翼尖的最大垂直位移。结果显示:机翼后掠角为 15°时,其颤振速度和翼尖最大垂直位移均在安全范围内,因此,后掠角 15°,展弦比为 26的机翼为飞行器机翼设计最优值。     

用FVM法计算固体火箭羽流的红外特性

建立了有限体积法(FVM)的理论模型模拟固体火箭羽流的红外特性,研究了燃气组分H2O,CO2,CO,HCL,OH,NO的吸收和发射,以及AL2O3粒子云的吸收、发射和散射,还研究了两相流场中气相和粒子云温度不均匀时对辐射传输方程的修正。计算一单喷管固体火箭的二维轴对称羽流在光谱2~5μm的红外特性,给出羽流辐射的空间分布和光谱分布并与文献计算的结果对比。研究表明:有限体积法能较好地模拟固体火箭羽流的红外特性;粒子辐射占固体火箭羽流红外辐射的主要部分;在光谱2~4μm粒子辐射使羽流辐射增强,而在光谱4~5μm粒子辐射使羽流辐射减弱。     

基于结构动力学特性的损伤识别方法

基于等效模态应变/动能理论,提出了一种利用实际结构的测试数据识别结构中损伤位置的方法。在此基础上,研究了利用模型修正技术识别结构中损伤强度的方法。分别以一个单损伤平板结构和多损伤平板结构为例,通过仿真分析了以上方法的有效性。结果表明,以上方法可以有效识别结构中的损伤位置和损伤强度。     

液浮惯性仪表温度场的仿真分析

液浮惯性仪表精度跟温度场有关联,温度分布不均匀和温度波动都会对仪表精度产生影响,因此研究液浮惯性仪表内部的温度场分布尤为重要。利用有限元方法对液浮惯性仪表进行温度场仿真计算,根据仪表的结构特点合理的设置了测温点,通过试验的方法提取了特征点的温度值,验证了仿真结果的正确性,为液浮惯性仪表的热设计提供了基础参数。     

基于CFD和CSM耦合的通用静气弹分析方法

提出了一种适用于有限元精细化建模的流固耦合插值点选择方法,通过RBF(径向基函数)方法实现流固耦合面的数据交换,实现了基于CFD/CSM(computational fluid dynamics/computational structural mechanics)耦合的通用非线性静气弹分析方法。以HIRENASD(high Reynolds number aero-structural dynamics)风洞试验模型为验证对象,数值结果很好地与风洞试验结构变形、气动压力分布吻合,验证了所发展非线性CFD/CSM耦合静气弹求解器的精度。详细研究了HIRENASD模型在大迎角(AOA)流动下的静气动弹性特性,以及该模型弹性变形对机翼气动特性影响规律。研究表明:HIRENASD弹性模型变形后其升力小于刚性模型;在小迎角范围内刚性、弹性模型升力差随迎角增大呈线性增长;当迎角大于4°后,升力差先减小后基本保持不变,呈非线性关系。      

机载托架自动校准系统的设计与实现

为了解决机载托架传统校准方法精度低、耗时、费力等问题,设计了一种高精度、高效率并且操作简单的成品托架自动校准系统。该系统运用调平精度较高的循环多次最高点不动调平方法,建立高精度机载托架校准的静力学数学模型,运用VC与Matlab的COM接口编程技术开发机载托架自动校准系统,并建立良好的人机交互界面。试验结果表明,利用该方法对机载托架进行校准,无论是校准精度还是校准效率都较传统方法有很大提高。